PANCE Exam 2024/2025 with 100% Accurate Solutions, Exams of Nursing

Download PANCE Exam 2024/2025 with 100% Accurate Solutions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

PANCE EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%

ACCURATE SOLUTIONS

What do pirmented granular "muddy" casts indicate in the setting of oliguria? - Precise Answer ✔✔Acute tubular necrosis How can hyperphosphatemia be treated? - Precise Answer ✔✔aluminum hydroxide What is the genetic basis for a patient with disproportionately small legs and arms, frontal bossing and mindfacial hypoplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔autosomal recessive Besides extreme growth what other symptoms can a patient with acromegaly have? - Precise Answer ✔✔headaches, visual field defects, weakness, soft doughy hands, and amenorrhea **kids have giganticism What is the cause of acromegaly? - Precise Answer ✔✔Excess growth hormone How should X-rays be done to diagnosis SCFE (slipped femoral epiphysis)? - Precise Answer ✔✔Frog leg position

What are the personality characterisitics of schizoid personality disorder? - Precise Answer ✔✔restricted range of emotion, being a loner, chosing solitary activities What drugs are used to help treat the bradykinesia of Parkinson's? - Precise Answer ✔✔amantadine, levodopa, selective MOAis How do anticholinergics help treat Parkinson's? - Precise Answer ✔✔they help treat the tremor and rigidity What are the findings associated with intussusception? - Precise Answer ✔✔presents 6-18 months of age drawing up of the knees currant jelly stool sausage-shaped mass in upper abdomen Wha tis the most common cause of subacute endocarditis - Precise Answer ✔✔Strep. viridans In adults without significant risk factors how often should fasting lipid profiles be obtained? - Precise Answer ✔✔every 5 years How is Raynaud's disease treated? - Precise Answer ✔✔CCBs

What are Janeway's lesions? - Precise Answer ✔✔small hemorrhagic lesions on the skin seen in endocarditis What are Osler's nodes? - Precise Answer ✔✔painful red, raised lesion seen in endocardititis What are Roth's spots? - Precise Answer ✔✔exudative retinal lesions seen in endocarditis A pancytopenia with circulating blasts is characteristic of______________ - Precise Answer ✔✔acute leukemia How is acute myeloid leukemia differentiated from lymphoblastic leukemia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Auer's rods or myeloid enzymes like peroxidase are seen in AML What geene is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia? - Precise Answer ✔✔bcr/abl gene and phildelphia chromosome What are the treatments of acute-closure glaucoma? - Precise Answer ✔✔IV acetazolamide, possibly mannitol if very severe, later topical pilocarpine can be used to reverse underlying angle closure and later surgery iridotomy/iridectomy How does IgA nephropathy present? - Precise Answer ✔✔usually after URI and presents with hematuria and proteinuria

Dorsal angulation of the wrist is commonly seen in___________ - Precise Answer ✔✔Colle's fracture What drugs should be avoided in patients with G6PD deficiency? - Precise Answer ✔✔sufa-containing drugs like Bactrim, nirtorfurantoin, because they can cause hemolytic crisis What infection is associated with Guillan Barre? - Precise Answer ✔✔Campylobacter What causes molluscum contagiosum? - Precise Answer ✔✔poxvirus Posterior cerebral artery occlusion can cause what neurological manifestation? - Precise Answer ✔✔Alexia- inability to understand written words Middle cerebral artery occlusion can cause what neurological manifestation? - Precise Answer ✔✔homonymous hemianopia Horner's syndrome is associated with what cerebral artery occlusion? - Precise Answer ✔✔Posterior inferior artery occlusion What is a physical exam test used to help diagnosis thoracic outlet syndrome? - Precise Answer ✔✔Elevated stress test: arm exteneded and externally rotated with the patient opening and closing hands for 3 min

When is transphenoidal surgery indicated for a prolactinoma? - Precise Answer ✔✔When the adenoma is >3cm, otherwise Bromocriptine a dopamine agonist is the treatment of choice What disease does cryptococcus neoformans cause? - Precise Answer ✔✔meningoencephalitis and pneumonia usually in an immunocompromised pt, has a capsule and budding yeast with India Ink dye What is heistoplasmosis? - Precise Answer ✔✔fungal infection of lungs or retina often seen in HIV patients What are some manifestations of Vitamin A deficiency? What is it typically caused by in the U.S.? - Precise Answer ✔✔night blindness, xerosis of junctiva, Bitot's spots (white patches on conjunctiva)

• typically caused by fat malabsorption or mineral oil laxative abuse What is the triad associated with niacin deficiency? - Precise Answer ✔✔pellagra with diarrhea, dematitis and dementia What is asbestos exposure linked to? - Precise Answer ✔✔mesothelioma and peuritic plaques HOw does acute glaucoma present? PE findings? - Precise Answer ✔✔visual acutiy is decreased

corena is steamy/cloudy pupil is dilated and fixed redness may be diffuse or a reddish violet flush around the limbus green rimming to the iris is associated with ___________? - Precise Answer ✔✔Keyser-Fleischer rings- Wilson's disease What causes an S3? - Precise Answer ✔✔It is highly suggestive of heart failure It is due to increased resistance to ventricular filling during passive atrial emptying What causes an S4? - Precise Answer ✔✔Hypertensive heart disease, CAD, aortic stenosis and cardiomyopathy. It can present in diastolic failure. It is caused by increased resistance to ventricular filling during atrial contraction What is one way to tell an anemia of chronic disease as opposed to iron deficiency anemia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Reticulocytes- will be increased in anemia of chronic disease and decreased in iron deficiency Patchy diffuse lung infiltrates can be found with what type of pneumonia? - Precise Answer ✔✔viral or mycoplasma S1 with an opening snap following S2, heard best at the left sternal border and apex, best describes? - Precise Answer ✔✔Mitral Stenosis

Pt with R. heart failure that has a diastolic rumbling murmur heard best at the LLSB and xiphoid, increased with inspiration, best describes? - Precise Answer ✔✔tricuspid stenosis low pitched, blowing decrescendo diastolic murmur best heard at the L. 3rd intercostal space? - Precise Answer ✔✔aortic regurgitation- often following rheumatic fever systolic ejection murmur that peaks at mid-systole hear best at the 2nd intercostal are radiating to the neck and apex? - Precise Answer ✔✔aortic stenosis- can present with dyspnea, fatigue and syncope At what age should patients have routine audiologic screening every few years? - Precise Answer ✔✔age 65 HOw do glipizide and other sulfonylureas work? - Precise Answer ✔✔increase insulin secretion How is a patient exposed to rabies supposed to be treated? - Precise Answer ✔✔human rabies Ig is administered (half into wound, half IV) and also human diploid cell vaccine given IM: at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days How long can a women with endometriosis be put on Lupron? - Precise Answer ✔✔Only 6 months, because of risk for bone demineralization

What is the most common cause of tinea corporis? - Precise Answer ✔✔trichophyton rubrum lesions of pink to purple polygonal pruritis papules describe? - Precise Answer ✔✔lichen planus U waves on EKG are associated with - Precise Answer ✔✔hypokalemia What results will you find in sensorineural hearing loss? - Precise Answer ✔✔air conduction will exceed bone conduction only in the "good" ear Bilateral hilar adenopathy is class for ________? - Precise Answer ✔✔Stage 1 aarcoidosis- most common in AA females pain with resisted wrist extension is seen with _______? - Precise Answer ✔✔lateral epicondylitis Pain with wrist felxion is seen in ________? - Precise Answer ✔✔medial epiconydlitis What is the classic triad for Reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome)? - Precise Answer ✔✔Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree: conjunctivitis, urethritis, and aseptic arthritis and mucocutaneous lesions *Camplyobacter associated

What is the ABX used for prophylaxis against Mycobaterium Avium in a pt with HIV? - Precise Answer ✔✔Used if CD4 is less than 50, Azithromycin What is the ABX used for prophylaxis against Cryptoccus infection in a pt with HIV? - Precise Answer ✔✔Used if CD4 less than 200, Fluconzaole What is the ABX used for prophylaxis against CMV in a pt with HIV? - Precise Answer ✔✔Used if CD4 less than 100, Ganciclovir Fundoscopic exam showing cotton wool patches, copper wiring, flame- shaped hemorrhages AV nicking, indicates? - Precise Answer ✔✔hypertensive retinopathy gradual central visual loss and metamorphopsia (distored images), drusen spots (yellowish round spots at posterior poll, indicate? - Precise Answer ✔✔macular degeneration What is one situation to give children asthma? - Precise Answer ✔✔Rheumatic fever, aspirin is indicated How is herpetic keratitis treated? - Precise Answer ✔✔topical idoxuridine Elevated ST segments in all leads - Precise Answer ✔✔pericarditis

How is C. diff most often treated? - Precise Answer ✔✔metronidazole, vancomycin Ring- enhancing cerebral lesions are characterisitc of__________ - Precise Answer ✔✔toxoplamosis- most common in patients with AIDs progressive proxim al weakness is seen in________? - Precise Answer ✔✔polymositis Loss of normal skin folds can be found in _________ - Precise Answer ✔✔scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) What antibiotics should be avoided in patients with long QT syndrome?

• Precise Answer ✔✔macrolides and some fluoroquinolones firm, nontender swelling of the eyelid with redness and swelling of the nearby conjunctiva - Precise Answer ✔✔chalazion= granulamatous inflammation of the meibomian gland