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PARAMEDIC TRAUMA FISDAP LATEST EXAM
2025 WITH MULTIPLE CHOICE OF QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS
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Seat Belt Use - CORRECT ANSWER-All arguments against seat belt use are unfounded. Primary Blast Injury - CORRECT ANSWER-Injuries due to the wave blast itself, usually causing damage to the lungs, eardrums and other compressible organs (air filled cavities). Burns also may occur. Secondary Blast Injury - CORRECT ANSWER-Injuries due to missiles being propelled by blast force (struck by flying debris). Tertiary Blast Injury - CORRECT ANSWER-Injuries due to body impact with another object (when a person is hurled by the force against stationary objects). Perfusion - CORRECT ANSWER-Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells needs. Autonomic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitors the body's needs from moment to moment, adjusting the blood flow as required. Maintains homeostasis & is divided into the
parasympathetic & sympathetic components that oppose each other and keep vital functions in balance. Compensated Shock (Phase 1) - CORRECT ANSWER-Tachycardia, NORMAL BP, thirst, anxiety, clammy/cool skin. Decompensated Shock (Phase 2) - CORRECT ANSWER-AMS, DROP IN BP, thready/absent peripheral pulse, labored or irregular breathing. Wet Dressing - CORRECT ANSWER-Used for small, superficial burns. Rhabdomyolysis - CORRECT ANSWER-The destruction of muscle tissue leading to a release of potassium and myoglobin. Chemical Burns - CORRECT ANSWER-Flush the area off with water, remove pt's clothing & jewelry. Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) - CORRECT ANSWER-Is found in drain cleaner, and for etching glass, and in industrial settings. Pt will complain of burning, and will not stop with copious amounts of flushing. Calcium chloride will work to relieve the pain/burning. How to assess a electrical injury...? - CORRECT ANSWER-The first thing is to protect yourself and bystanders. If powerlines are down on a car, you tell your pt to remain in the car and do not go near it.
Frontal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER-(Forehead) Important for voluntary motor action and personality traits. Injury to the frontal lobe may result in seizures or placid reactions (flat affect). Parietal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER-Controls the somatic or voluntary sensory and motor functions for the opposite side of the body, as well as memory and emotions. Occipital Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER-(Back of the head) Responsible for processing visual information. Temporal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER-(Side of the head) Speech area, hearing, taste and smell. If you see a cracked windshield in a MVC... what will the pt represent with? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bruised or lacerated head or face. Brain injury, *cervical spine injury (always until proven otherwise), tracheal injury. If you see a deformed steering column in a MVC... what will the pt represent with? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bruised neck, bruised chest. Sternal or rib fracture, flail chest, myocardial contusion, *pericardial tamponade, pneumo/hemothorax, aortic tear. If you see a deformed dashboard in a MVC... what will the pt represent with? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bruised abdomen, bruised knee, misplaced kneecap. Ruptured spleen, liver, bowel, diaphragm. Fractured patella, dislocated knee, *femoral fracture, dislocated hip.
Phases of Deceleration - CORRECT ANSWER-1) Deceleration of the vehicle, occurs when the vehicle strikes another object & comes to a stop. 2) Deceleration of occupant, which starts during sudden braking & continues through the whole crash. 3) Deceleration of internal organs, that consist of internal organs that continue forward momentum until they're stopped by anatomical restraints. 4) Secondary collisions, which occur when a vehicle occupant is hit by objects moving within the vehicle (loose objects). 5) Additional impacts, that the vehicle may receive when it is hit by a second vehicle or is deflected into another. Treating a pt with Head Trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Lidocaine to reduce ICP, maintain O2 sats above 95%, administer high flow O2 if pt is breathing on their own, avoid hyperventilation, restrict your use of IV fluids (unless hypotensive, then give fluid to keep systolic above 110 or 120), and do not give dextrose. Diaphragm - CORRECT ANSWER-Phrenic nerve (C3-C5). Injury occurring at or above C3-C4 may cause diaphragmatic paralysis, that is seen with abdominal breathing and accessory muscle use. Levels of ICP - CORRECT ANSWER-Mild- cheyne-stokes, increased BP, decreased HR, pupils stil reactive, AMS, vomiting. Moderate- widening pulse pressure w/ bradycardia, pupils are non-reactive, hyperventilation, posturing. Severe- blown pupil, biot's respirations, flaccid paralysis, irregular pulse rate, fluctuating BP (usually hypotension).
Intracerebral Hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Involves bleeding within the brain tissue itself. Can follow a penetrating injury to the head. Have a high mortality rate. Hyperpyrexia - CORRECT ANSWER-Patients with a head injury can develop a high body temperature, which can worsen the condition of the brain. Signs and symptoms of a Pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER-Pt may only report mild dyspnea, and pleuritic chest pain on one side. Diminished or unequal breath sounds may be heard on auscultation. Pt's with larger pneumo's present with severe respiratory compromise and hypoxia- tachycardia, tachypnea, AMS. How to treat a Pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER-If there is an open wound, cover it with an occlusive dressing. Provide high flow O2. *Positive pressure will aggravate this condition, resulting in a tension pneumo. Open Pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER-When a defect in the chest wall allows air to enter the pleural space. GSW, stabbing, or other impaled objects. Aka "sucking chest wound", if blood is involved it might be "bubbling". Occlusive dressing! Sternal Injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-If the thorax received enough pressure to cause damage to the sternal bone then assume the heart, and great vessels also received damage.
JVD - CORRECT ANSWER-Suggest increased intravenous pressure, can be caused by a tension pneumothorax, volume overload, right sided heart failure, or cardiac tamponade. Flail Chest - CORRECT ANSWER-A major injury to the chest wall, may result from blunt trauma, like MVC, falls, and assaults. In this injury, two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places. When the Pt breathes, their chest will rise and fall paradoxically. You can also feel crepitus when assessing your Pt. *Positive pressure ventilation is important with this kind of pt! Pulmonary Contusion - CORRECT ANSWER-An injury to the underlying lung tissue that inhibits normal diffusion of O2 & CO2. Pericardial Tamponade - CORRECT ANSWER-Causes compression of the heart, and decreased cardiac output. You will see increased HR, muffled heart sounds, hypotension, and JVD. Commotio Cordis - CORRECT ANSWER-Caused by a impact to the chest right where the heart is. It puts the heart into cardiac arrest. Happens to athletes, esp when playing sports. You may see chest wall contusions, and localized bruising. The Pt will be apneic and pulseless. Traumatic Aortic Disruption - CORRECT ANSWER-Commonly seen in MVCs, blunt trauma, and falls. High mortality rate. Signs and symptoms are tearing pain behind the sternum or in the scapula. Other signs may be dyspnea, hypovolemic shock, and
Frostbite/Frostnip - CORRECT ANSWER-Get the Pt out of the cold. Do not rub or massage the area. Administer pain medication. Cover blisters with dry, sterile dressing. *Do not attempt rewarming in the field if there is any possibility of refreezing or if the Pt must walk on the frostbitten foot. Frotstbitten parts are usually hard and waxy. Gangrene can occur if the area was frozen. Treating a Pt with Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER-Strip all the wet or cold clothes, and move Pt to a warm place. Begin to rewarm the Pt, with blankets (mild hypothermia less than 95 degrees), heat packs if necessary (moderate hypothermia 87 degrees to 93 degrees), and lastly warm IV fluids for severe hypothermia. Cushing Reflex/Response/Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Due to ICP. Signs are- increased BP, decreased HR & irregular respirations (Biots breathing!).
