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PCAT Chemistry Study Guide: Practice Test Questions and Answers 2024, Exams of Nursing

A comprehensive study guide for the pcat chemistry exam, including practice test questions and answers on various topics such as atomic structure, organic chemistry, acids and bases, and more. It covers important concepts and formulas, making it an essential resource for students preparing for the pcat.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 02/27/2024

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Download PCAT Chemistry Study Guide: Practice Test Questions and Answers 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 sp3 - tetrahedral 109.5 4 single bonds for oxygen and nitrogen tetrahedral bent sp2 - trigonal planar 120 1 double 2 single for oxygen and nitrogen trigonal planar linear PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 sp - linear 180 1 triple 1 single or 2 double formula for alkane - CnH(2n+2) a organic molecule that contains at least one multiple bond is said to be__________ - unsaturated boiling point - the molecule with the most carbons will having the highest boiling point, unless it can hydrogen bond OH NH COOH. hydrogen bonding increases boiling point. organic compounds tend to be - combustible neuclophile - electron pair donor and hence a lewis base PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 which molecule with undergo an SN2 reaction the fastest? - the molecule that is less sterically hindered the condition at which the solid state , the liquid state, and the gas state coexist in equilibrium is known as the - triple point which of the following solutions would exhibit the lowest freezing point? 0.1 M HCl 0.1 M CH3COOH 0.1 M glucose 0.1 M NH3 - 0.1 M HCl what statement regarding a reaction that exhibits zero order kinetics is true? - an increase in temperature will increase the rate of the reaction. zero order usually means rate is dependant on temp. what is the general formula for a saturated fatty acid? - CnH2nO2 with n being an even integer between 10 and 20 PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 what is the correct name for FeSO4 - iron(II)sulfate what solution has the lowest pH? - trick question! choose the most acidic! HNO3 lithium has 3 protons and 4 neutrons, what is the atomic number? - 3 for the combustion of a hydrocarbon in sufficient air, the products are - CO2 +H2O to calculate cell potential - change the sign of the negative E and add them up -0.40E +0.80 answer is 1.20 V what is the formula of the basic anhydride of rubidium hyroxide, RbOH? - Rb2O what is formed when two amino acid molecules are linked by a reaction that spits out a water molecule? - a peptide PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 what is the maximum number of electrons possessed by an element in the 3rd period? - 18 2n^2 2(3)^2=18 a 0.1 m NaCl solution has a higher boiling point then does 0.1 m glucose solution. why? - NaCl is a electrolyte and hence yields more molecules in solution. what radiation would be attracted to a positively charged electrode? - beta (-) alpha(+) gamma(neutral) a bronsted base is a(n) - proton acceptor BBPA BAPD PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 the atomic number and the mass number for each atom is conserved - in ordinary chemical reactions only which atoms belong to the same element - if the proton number match must be the same number a lipid is formed by the reaction of a(n) - fatty acid and glycerol what statement is consistent with the pauli exclusion principle? - no two electrons in the same orbital can have the same spin orientation. an orbital is best described as - the volume of space centered on the nucleus that an electron is most probably found in. to prepare 1 liter of 2m glucose solution - mix two moles of glucose with enough water to yield 1 liter of solution silver chloride has a ksp value of 1.8x10^10. the solubility of silver chloride in water is best described as - insoluable PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 a small Ksp=insoluable what solution would yield the highest boiling point? - choose the electrolyte that yields the most ions. exp KCl only yields 2 ions but K2SO4 yields 3 ions. what solution would turn blue litmus red? - only acidic solutions pH=2 for example a solubility of salt A in a solution that already has salt B dissolved in it will - decrease if salt B contains an ion that is common to salt A if phosphoric acid is H3PO4 then what is the formula for phosphorus acid? - H3PO3 -ous always one less Oxygen then -ic PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 N2+ 3H2<-----> 2NH3 if the volume of the container were suddenly doubled, which would be observed? - moles of H2 would increase since increase in volume will shift towards side with more moles of gas diatomics - H2, N2, O2,F2,Cl2,Br2,I2 the rate law for a particular reaction is Rate=K[A]^2[B]. if the particular run of this reaction, the concentration of A were doubled over what it had been in the previous run, while the concentration of B were halved, what would be the effect on the rate? - the rate would double the mass spectrometer can be used to - separate isotopes the law of multiple proportions is illustrated by which pairs of compounds? - Na2O/NaOH same element but different ratios a o.1 M NaCl solution would have a pH of - 7 PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 what type of radiation would be attracted to a positively charged electrode? - beta what property rises to a maximum around the middle of a period and then falls off to a minimum value at the end of the period (excluding the first period). - density when water is saturated with the gaseous product formed from the Haber-Bosch process (in this case NH3), what would be the resulting pH of the solution? - 12 when in aqueous solution, ammonia acts as a WEAK BASE, since it accepts protons from water, which increases OH- concentration and gives pH a significantly great pH then 7. what type of reaction will most likely produce water and a salt? - neutralization example hcl(aq)+NaOH(aq)--> H2O(l)+NaCl(aq) PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 the boiling point of n-octane is 126 degrees C. what is the expected boiling point of n-nonane? - 146-156 degrees C the boiling point increases with molecular weight by approx. 20-30 degrees for each additional carbon. how to choose an example of a synthesis reaction - a synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a more COMPLEX substance. SO3(g) +H2O(l)--> H2SO4(aq) the nucleic acid that carries amino acids to ribosomes is - transfer RNA during protein biosynthesis, transfer RNA transports appropriate amino acid dictated by genetic code to the ribosome for peptide bond formation. a sample of neutral argon is at certain temp and pressure. if the pressure is decreased enough to cause sublimation, the sample is now a - gas PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 sublimation-solid to vapor without passing through liquid phase. which class of organic molecules has neither nucleophilic nor electrophilic centers? - straight-chaned alkanes alkenes,alkynes, aromatics represent high electron density and there for neucleophillic centers. ethanol C2H6O has a higher molar heat of vaporation then n-butyl chloride C4H9Cl because - ethanol has stronger intermolecular forces. ethanol has more hydrogen bonds which leads to higher intermolecular forces. chemical structure of a cholesterol - a bunch of octagons with oh and double bonded c=o. fatty acid-skeleton chain with lots of hydrogen PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 carbon can form 4 covalent bonds! the solubility product Ksp for AgCl in waer is 1.7x10^-10. what is the solubility in moles per liter of AgCl? - solubility is defined as the number of moles of substance per liter of solution. to find the solubility ksp=[Ag+][Cl-]=x^2 therefore the answer s √1.7x10^-10 (symbol is a square root) what compound is the product of the reaction butene with H2 and nickel catalyst - butane this is hydrogenation, where hydrogen becomes added across the double bond of butene to form butane. the NNN bond angle in the azide ion (N3-) is - about 180 degrees linear PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 what is the correct nomenclature for ClO2^- - chlorite ion what is the reverse reaction an example of glucose+fructose-->sucrose+water - hydrolysis-the separation of water as one molecule of water is separated and incorporated into two carbohydrates. the OH- will go to one carbohydrate, and the H+ will go to another carbohydrate. an arrow in a chemical bond structure such as N-->O denotes the presence of which chemical bond? - coordinate covalent bond both electrons of the bond are contributed by one of the two bonded atoms-also known as dative bond if the addition of more solute in the crystalline form causes the formation of additional crystals in a solution, the solution must be - supersaturated PCAT STUDY GUIDE: CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 these solutions contain more dissolved solutes then the solvent would dissolve under normal conditions. only in a supersaturated solution, would the addition of more solute form precipitate of previously dissolved solute. what is the molar solubility of MgCO3 in water at 25 degrees C given the solubility constant ksp=4x10^-8 - 2x10^-4 as we saw previously, you just take the square root of the value. deoxyribonucleotides are formed from ribonucleotides the the replacement of which molecule? - OH requires the reduction of the hydroxyl group on the c-2 position of the ribose ring. it then results in the removal of the hydroxyl group and replacement with a hydrogen atom. the actual mass of an atomic nucleus is slightly less then the total mass of the individual protons and neutrons. what is the difference in mass called? - mass defect