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Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME 9BI0/01 Biology B 2024, Exams of Biology

Biology

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME 9BI0/01 Biology B Advanced PAPER 1: Advanced Biochemistry, Microbiology and Genetics June 2024

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 11/11/2024

wilson-muriithi 🇺🇸

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469 documents

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Download Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME 9BI0/01 Biology B 2024 and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

 

Wednesday 5 June 2024

Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 45 minutes) 9BI0/

Biology B

Advanced

PAPER 1: Advanced Biochemistry, Microbiology and

Genetics

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Answer ALL questions.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box. If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross.

1 Blood is pumped around the body in blood vessels to supply cells with nutrients and oxygen.

(a) Which box in each row of the table shows where endothelial cells and valves are found? (2)

Features of blood vessels

Type of blood vessel

both capillaries and veins

capillaries only veins only neither capillaries nor veins

Endothelial cells

Valves

(b) Nutrients and oxygen pass into cells from tissue fluid.

Explain how tissue fluid is formed. (2)

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)

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3 

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2 Glucose is a monosaccharide that is found in sucrose, amylose and amylopectin.

(a) Sucrose is made from glucose and one other molecule.

Which row of the table gives the name of this molecule and the type of reaction that joins the two molecules together?

(1)

A

B

C

D

(b) Compare and contrast the structure of amylose and amylopectin. (3)

(Total for Question 2 = 4 marks)

Name of molecules Type of reaction

fructose condensation

fructose hydrolysis

galactose condensation

galactose hydrolysis

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3 Viruses can replicate using the lytic cycle.

Viruses can be grown in a laboratory by culturing them with appropriate cells.

(a) Explain why viruses have to be cultured with ‘appropriate cells’. (2)

(b) The graph shows the changes in the number of viruses after they had been added to the cells.

Log 10 number of viruses

Time after adding viruses to the cells / min

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(i) Explain why the number of viruses did not start to increase until after 20 minutes. (3)

(ii) Calculate how many more viruses are present at 70 minutes than at 50 minutes.

Give your answer to three significant figures. (2)

Answer ..............................................................

(Total for Question 3 = 7 marks)

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4 Photosynthesis results in the production of GALP. This molecule is used by plants to produce glucose and other organic molecules.

(a) Glucose consists of the elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Name the inorganic molecules that supply these elements for photosynthesis. (2)

Carbon ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Hydrogen ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Oxygen ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(b) Light is essential for photosynthesis. It is needed for photolysis and for the excitation of electrons in the photosystems.

Which row in the table shows where photolysis and the excitation of electrons occurs? (1)

A

B

C

D

Photolysis Excitation of electrons

stroma stroma

stroma thylakoid membrane

thylakoid membrane stroma

thylakoid membrane thylakoid membrane

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Electricity generated from solar panels was used to convert carbon dioxide and water into the organic compound acetate.

Plants were then able to grow in the dark using the acetate.

(i) Explain why these plants were able to grow in the dark. (3)

(ii) The scientists hope that this technique will be able to produce plant‑based food.

State one advantage of using this method.

Give a reason for your answer. (1)

(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

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5 Septicaemia is a life‑threatening condition that can arise from bacterial infection.

(a) In one year, 245 000 people were diagnosed with septicaemia and 49 735 of these people died as a result.

Which percentage of people survived septicaemia in this year? (1) A 20.3%

B 25.5%

C 39.3%

D 79.7%

(b) Two types of bacteria that cause septicaemia are Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

E. coli is Gram negative and S. aureus is Gram positive.

(i) Which of the following statements about the cell walls of these bacteria are correct? (1)

Both bacteria have peptidoglycan (murein) in their cell walls.
S. aureus has an outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide layer).
The cell wall of E. coli is thinner than that of S. aureus.

A 2 only

B 3 only

C 1 and 2 only

D 1 and 3 only

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(ii) Both E. coli and S. aureus produce toxins.

E. coli produces the same type of toxin as Salmonella bacteria.

Which of the following statements about the toxins produced by these bacteria are correct? (1)

E. coli produces endotoxins.
The toxins produced by S. aureus are released only once the bacteria die.
The toxins produced by S. aureus are components of their cell wall.

A 1 only

B 2 only

C 1 and 2 only

D 1, 2 and 3

Which of the following types of immune response is stimulated by a vaccine? (1) A artificial active

B artificial passive

C natural active

D natural passive

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(d) There are currently no vaccines for either E. coli or S. aureus.

Scientists are developing vaccines against E. coli and S. aureus which can be implanted under the skin.

The bacterial antigens are held in a mesh that contains chemicals to attract tissue macrophages.

The effect of implantation of these vaccines on the immune response in mice was investigated.

(i) The graph shows the number of T helper cells in the lymph nodes that drain the part of the body where the vaccine was implanted.

0

Number of T helper cells / × 105 cells per cm^3

Time after implantation of vaccine / days

Explain the results shown in the graph. (3)

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(ii) In part of this investigation, mice had the vaccine implanted 35 days before being infected with E. coli.

A control group that had not received the vaccine was also infected with E. coli.

The levels of antibody in the blood of both groups of mice were determined.

The graph shows these results.

0

control group of mice

mice with vaccine implanted

Time after infected with E. coli

Concentration of antibody / a.u.

Explain the results shown in the graph. (3)

(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

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6 In a cell, DNA is found in both the nucleus and the mitochondria.

(a) Where is DNA found in mitochondria? (1) A cytoplasm

B intermembrane space

C matrix

D nucleus

(b) Which row of the table describes DNA found in the mitochondria? (1)

A

B

C

D

Shape Ratio of phosphodiester bonds : pentose sugars

circular higher than nuclear DNA

circular lower than nuclear DNA

linear higher than nuclear DNA

linear lower than nuclear DNA

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The diagram shows some of the bands produced when the DNA of a family was analysed using gel electrophoresis.

Position 1

Position 2

Position 3

Position 4

Position 5

Mother Father Daughter Son 1 Son 2

Analyse the information to explain the bands found at positions 1 to 5 in this family. (4)

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(d) A mutation in the tRNA Lys^ gene in the mitochondria replaces one uracil with a cytosine in the resulting tRNA molecule.

The diagram shows the position of the uracil that is replaced with cytosine in a tRNALys^ molecule.

C A C U G U A

G

A U G A C A

A U

A A U U A A C

C A

U A

U U U

A G

UU

A A G A G

A A C

C

U C U C

C

A C

A

U A

A A

A

U

G

C

G

U

A

AA

C

U U

uracil replaced with cytosine

(i) Name this type of mutation. (1)

(ii) Explain how this mutation could affect the structure of the tRNA Lys^ molecule shown in the diagram. (2)

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(iii) Explain how this mutation could affect the role of the tRNA Lys^ molecule. (2)

(Total for Question 6 = 11 marks)

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7 Coal tits, blue tits and great tits are three species of bird found in the UK all year round.

The photograph shows a blue tit.

These birds all have mitochondria in their red blood cells.

(a) More than 90% of ATP is produced by mitochondrial respiration.

(i) Describe how the remaining ATP is produced. (2)

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(ii) In the mitochondria, ATP is synthesised on the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Leakage of protons (H +) across the inner mitochondrial membrane reduces ATP synthesis and generates more heat. This is called leaked respiration.

Explain why leakage of protons reduces ATP synthesis. (3)

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(b) The table shows some information about adult coal tits, blue tits and great tits.

Species of bird Length from head to tail / cm Wing span / cm Mass / g

Coal tit 11 19 11

Blue tit 12 18 11

Great tit 14 24 18

(i) Calculate the magnification of the photograph of the blue tit.

Measure from the top of the head to the tip of the tail. (1)

Answer ..............................................................

(ii) Calculate the length from head to tail : mass ratio for the great tit.

Give your answer to one decimal place. (1)

Answer ..............................................................

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The mean air temperature in autumn was 10.7 °C and in winter 7.2 °C.

The flowchart shows some of the stages in this investigation.

Bird feeders containing nuts were set up and refilled each day

Birds were caught daily in a two-week period in both autumn and winter. They were ringed, measured and a blood sample taken before they were released

Samples of intact red blood cells and red blood cell mitochondria were separated from the blood

Leaked respiration and the volume of mitochondria were measured

(i) Explain why well‑stocked bird feeders containing nuts were available throughout this investigation. (2)

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*(ii) The graphs show the results of this investigation.

AutumnWinter AutumnWinter AutumnWinter Season

Coal tit Blue tit Great tit

Mean volume of mitochondria in red blood cells

Graph 1: volume of mitochondria

AutumnWinter AutumnWinter AutumnWinter Season

0.

Mean rate of respiration / a.u.

Coal tit Blue tit Great tit

Graph 2: respiration producing ATP

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Graph 3: leaked respiration

AutumnWinter AutumnWinter AutumnWinter Season

0.0

Mean rate of leaked respiration / a.u.

Coal tit Blue tit Great tit

Explain the results of this investigation.

Use all the information in the question to support your answer. (6)

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(Total for Question 7 = 15 marks)

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8 Changes must occur to mammalian sperm cells as they pass through the female reproductive tract, if successful fertilisation is to take place.

Capacitation results in changes to the sperm cell membrane and increased motility.

The acrosome reaction (AR) must follow capacitation but not too soon nor too late.

(a) Explain why the timing of the AR is important for successful fertilisation. (3)

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(b) A protein is involved in the timings of capacitation and the AR.

This protein exists in two forms: protein G and protein G‑P.

Protein G‑P results in the stimulation of capacitation and protein G results in the inhibition of the AR.

Protein G‑P is located in the midpiece (neck) and flagellum of the sperm.

Protein G is located in the head region of the sperm.

The levels of these two forms of protein change just before capacitation, during capacitation and just before the AR.

Complete the table to show which form of protein is present and which is absent.

If the protein is present put a tick (ü) in the box and if the protein is absent put a

cross () in the box.

(4)

Event

Presence of protein G Presence of protein G‑P

Head region Midpiece and flagellum Head region Midpiece and flagellum

Just before capacitation

During capacitation

Just before the AR

Explain why DNA‑methylation of this gene could result in infertility. (3)

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(d) Scientists have used ‘knockout’ mice to investigate the effect of protein G on fertility.

(i) State the meaning of the term ‘knockout’ mice, as used in this context. (2)

(ii) In an investigation, female mice and ‘knockout’ mice were housed together.

Describe how this investigation should be designed to confirm that protein G affects fertility. (3)

(Total for Question 8 = 15 marks)

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME 9BI0/01 Biology B 2024, Exams of Biology

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Download Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME 9BI0/01 Biology B 2024 and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Wednesday 5 June 2024

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