Ped Final Exam Questions With Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 2024 Graded A, Exams of Pediatrics

Download Ped Final Exam Questions With Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 2024 Graded A and more Exams Pediatrics in PDF only on Docsity! Ped Final Exam Questions With Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 2024 Graded A  A breastfeeding infant, screened for congenital hypothyroidism, is found to have low levels of thyroxine and high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone. What in the best explanation for the finding? A. The thyroid gland does not produce normal levels of thyroxine for several weeks after birth. B. The TSH is high because of the low production of T4 by the thyroid. C. The thyroxine level is low because the TSH level is high. D. High thyroxine levels normally occur in breastfeeding infants. B. The TSH is high because of the low production of T4 by the thyroid.  The mother of an 11-year-old boy who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis tells the nurse, “I really don’t want my son to become dependent on pain medication, so I only allow him to take it when he is really hurting.” Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this mother? A. The child should be encouraged to rest when he experiences pain. B. Giving pain medication around the clock helps control the pain. C. Encourage quiet activities such as watching television as a pain distracter. D. The use of hot baths can be used as an alternative for pain medication. B. Giving pain medication around the clock helps control the pain.  A mother brings her 2-month-old to the well-baby clinic. She states that when she kisses her baby, the infant’s skin tastes salty, the nurse should prepare the mother for what standard diagnostic test to screen for cystic fibrosis (CF)? A. Fecal-fat test. B. Potassium chloride test. C. Pulmonary-function test. D. Sweat-chloride test. D. Sweat-chloride test.  The mother of a 14-month-old tells the nurse that she feeds her child nothing but prepared toddler foods and feels they provide the best nutrition for her child but is concerned about the cost. How should the nurse respond? A. Affirm that these prepared foods are the best way to ensure that the toddler gets all the needed nutrients. B. Teach the mother how to develop a budget to allow her to continue to provide the needed prepared toddler foods. C. Reassure the mother that beginning to replace prepared foods with table foods can provide the needed nutrients. D. Advise the mother that these foods will only be needed until the growth spurt of the toddler years is complete. C. Reassure the mother that beginning to replace prepared foods with table foods can provide the needed nutrients.  The nurse is assessing the growth and development of a 3-yaer-old child. Which speech and language skills should the nurse identify as normal developmental milestones for this child? D. Biopsy may rupture the encapsulated tumor and cause the cancer cells to spread.  A one-month-old male infant is brought to the clinic by his mother who states that her son has been vomiting forcefully after each meal for the last three days. The infant is afebrile, dehydrated, and pyloric stenosis is suspected. What other finding should the nurse identify that are consistent with pyloric stenosis? A. Perianal diaper rash from persistent diarrhea. B. An olive-shaped mass in the abdominal area. C. Bile-stained emesis. D. Rooting, hunger, and irritability. D. Rooting, hunger, and irritability.  The nurse is assessing an infant with aortic stenosis and identifies the crackles in both lung fields. Which additional finding should the nurse expect to obtain? A. Vigorous feeding and satiation. B. Hemiplegia. C. Hypotension and tachycardia. D. Fever. C. Hypotension and tachycardia.  A 4-month-old boy has an inguinal hernia that is visible when he cries, but it does not cause him discomfort. His parents ask if the hernia should be repaired now. The nurse’s response should be based on what information. A. Surgical repair is planned after successful toilet training. B. Surgical correction is indicated if the inguinal hernia is incarcerated. C. An inguinal hernia is surgically repaired if persistent diarrhea occurs. D. An inguinal hernia is treated as a surgical emergency. B. Surgical correction is indicated if the inguinal hernia is incarcerated.  A child who is preparing to enter the first grade has recurring atopic dermatitis (eczema) and is brought to the clinic because of a recent exacerbation. Which suggestion should the nurse provide to this child’s parent? A. To prevent the bullying from classmates, consider home schooling. B. Encourage the child to wear cotton gloves while at school. C. Keep the child at home during exacerbations of the dermatitis. D. Ensure that the child’s lunch at school is a hypoallergenic diet. D. Ensure that the child’s lunch at school is a hypoallergenic diet.  A school-age male is brought to the school nurse after he was thrown off his bicycle into the trunk of a pine tree. The child’s face and arms are speckled with embedded pine bark. He has copious tearing and complains that “there’s stuff in my eyes.” Which action should the nurse implement? A. Patch both of child’s eyes and send him to the family ophthalmologist. B. Use sterile tweezers to lift bark specks from the sclera of each eye. C. Encourage the child to blink frequently to increase bilateral tearing in the eyes. D. Instill pain-relieving eye drops into each eye and keep head elevated. D. Instill pain-relieving eye drops into each eye and keep head elevated.  The nurse is caring for an adolescent with sclerosis who is recovering after a surgical spinal instrumentation. Which technique should the nurse use when removing this client? A. Perform a log roll. B. Flex the knees. C. Cross the arms and legs. D. Raise the hips. A. Perform a log roll.  Which drink choice on a hot day indicates to the nurse that a teenager with sickle cell anemia understands dietary considerations related to the disease? A. Iced tea. B. Diet cola. C. Lemonade. D. Milkshake. C. Lemonade.  The clinic nurse receives a call from the mother of a 10-year-old who reports that her son just returned from summer camp and has developed an expanding circular red rash on his arm.  The nurse is caring for a preschool aged child with a congenital heart defect who is admitted with intermittent low-grade fever, fatigue, and weight loss. Further physical assessment findings include a new murmur, splinter hemorrhages under the nails, and painless red lesions on the palms of the hands. Which diagnostic procedure should the nurse prepare the parents to expect the healthcare provider to prescribe? A. Chest radiography B. Echocardiogram C. Computerized tomography (CT) scan D. Electrocardiogram Answer: B. Echocardiogram  The nurse is teaching a class for mothers of premature infants and is asked about ‘a shot for respiratory viruses. What information about palivizumab is correct? A. It must be repeated every two months to be effective. B. It is recommended for infants who meet established high-risk criteria. C. It provides protection for one year with a single injection. D. It is a required immunization for all infants under the age of 3 months. Answer: B. It is recommended for infants who meet established high-risk criteria.  A child with pertussis is receiving azithromycin IV. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this child’s plan of care? A. Assess for abdominal pain and vomiting. B. Monitor for signs of facial swelling or urticaria C. Change IV site dressing every 3 days and PRN. D. Obtain vital signs at onset of fluid overload. Answer: A. Assess for abdominal pain and vomiting  A 10-year-old boy has been seen frequently by the school nurse over the past three weeks after school begins in the fall. He reports headaches, stomach aches, and difficulty sleeping. What intervention should the nurse implement? A. Ask the boy to describe a typical day at school. B. Compare the child’s vital signs over the past three weeks. C. Conduct a complete neurological assessment. D. Counsel the parents to pay more attention to the child. Answer: A. Ask the boy to describe a typical day at school  A 2-week-old female infant is hospitalized for the surgical repair of an umbilical hernia. After returning to the postoperative neonatal unit, her respiratory rate and heart rate have increased during the last hour. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Record the findings in the child’s record. B. Wrap the infant tightly and rock in rocking chair. C. Administer a prescription for a PRN analgesic. D. Notify the healthcare provider of these findings. Answer: C. Administer a prescription for a PRN analgesic  A 10-year-old girl who has had type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) for the past two years tells the nurse that she would like to use a pump instead of insulin injections to manage her diabetes. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Ability to program the pump for basal insulin with mealtime boluses. B. Interpretation of fingerstick glucose levels that influence diet selections. C. understanding of quality control process used to troubleshoot the pump D. Knowledge of her glycosylated hemoglobin A1c levels for past year. Answer: A. Ability to program the pump for basal insulin with mealtime boluses  The nurse is communicating with a 12-year-old who is hearing impaired. Which action is best for the nurse to use when attempting to communicate with this child? A. Emphasize emotions with facial expressions. B. Convey ideas by writing short sentences. C. Use a picture board to communicate needs. D. Attract the child’s attention before speaking. Answer: D. Attract the child’s attention before speaking  The nurse is planning care for a non-potty-trained child with nephrotic syndrome. Which intervention provides the best means of determining fluid retention? A. Weigh the child’s wet diapers. B. Measure the child’s abdominal girth weekly C. Observe the lower extremities for pitting edema. D. Weigh the child daily Answer: D. Weigh the child daily  A child with growth failure is receiving somatropin (rDNA origin) 1.25 mg subcutaneously daily. The nurse reconstitutes the vial with 5 ml of bacteriostatic water for injection to yield a solution concentration of 5mg/ml. how many ml should the nurse administer? (Round to nearest hundredth) Answer: 0.25  A child who weighs 30 kg receives a prescription for methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/day intramuscularly every 12 hours. The medication is available in 40 mg/ml vial. How many ml should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round to the nearest hundredth) Answer: 0.75  The nurse is caring for a child who received iodinated intravenous contrast during a computerized tomography (CT) scan. Which child’s behavior increases the risk for complications following the procedure? A. Using the toilet B. Spitting out food during meals. C. Sitting up in a chair. D. Refusing to drink fluids. Answer: D. Refusing to drink fluids  An 8-year-old girl with precocious sexual development is being treated medically with injections of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) to regulate the pituitary gland. Which statement by the parents indicates that they understand the treatment? A. We should encourage her to dress in clothing that suits her sexual maturity level. B. Sexual maturity differences between my daughter and her peers will disappear within a few years. C. Our daughter will be on this hormone treatment the rest of her life. D. We should be sure to start our daughter on birth control pills. Answer: B. Sexual maturity differences between my daughter and her peers will disappear within a few years  The nurse is caring for an adolescent client who had a recent hernia repair. The client now presents with sever colicky abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention and has been diagnosed with a paralytic ileus. Which pathophysiologic mechanism supports the client’s presentation? A. Ulceration of protective duodenal mucosal lining B. Intense manual intestinal stimulation in surgery  The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadias are concerned about when the surgical correction should occur. What information should the nurse provide? A. The urethral repair should be done after sexual maturity. B. Delaying the repair until school age reduces castration fears. C. Repair should be done before the child is potty trained. D. Surgery should be done by one month to prevent bladder infections. Answer: C. Repair should be done before the child is potty trained  During her sport’s physical examination, a 15-year-old female requests oral contraceptives. She explains that she is sexually active and does not want her parents to know. Which action should the nurse take? A. Explain that she needs parental approval to receive contraceptives. B. Encourage the client to discuss her need for contraceptives with her parents. C. Tell the client how to receive a variety of free oral contraceptives from the clinic. D. Counsel the client about the risks and benefits of using oral contraceptives. Answer: D. Counsel the client about the risks and benefits of using oral contraceptives  A child weighing 68 pounds receives a prescription for linezolid 10 mg/kg PO every 8 hours for pneumonia. The medication is a supplied as 100 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number) 15  While administering the final dose of oral amoxicillin to a preschool-aged boy, he tells the nurse that his throat hurts. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? A. Document the child’s comments. B. Review the child’s history of sore throats. C. Assess skin for signs of allergic reaction. D. Inspect the child’s oropharynx. D. Inspect the child’s oropharynx.  The nurse is assessing a 9-year-old boy who has been admitted to the hospital with possible acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). In obtaining his history, what information is most significant? A. Diuresis during the night. B. A history of hypertension. C. Back pain for a few days. D. A sore throat last week. D. A sore throat last week.  In developing a plan of care for a child with bacterial meningitis, which intervention should the nurse plan to implement? A. Maintain Trendelenburg’s position to decrease intracranial pressure. B. Administer antibiotic therapy until the cerebrospinal fluid findings are negative. C. Maintain strict isolation after identification of the causative agent. D. Administer large volumes of intravenous fluids to minimize nephrotoxic effects of antibiotics. B. Administer antibiotics therapy until the cerebrospinal fluid findings are negative.  A child who is admitted to the hospital with anemia is anxious, fearful, and hyperventilating. The nurse anticipates the child developing which acid base imbalances? A. Respiratory alkalosis. B. Respiratory acidosis. C. Metabolic alkalosis. D. Metabolic acidosis. A. Respiratory alkalosis.  A female of child-bearing age receives a rubella vaccination. She has two children at home, ages 13 months and 3 years. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide to this client? A. Inquire if anyone in the family is allergic to eggs. B. Encourage the client to immunize the children.