Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation: Comprehensive Guide, Exams of Nursing

Download Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation: Comprehensive Guide and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Nurs 3340 Peds Test 1 Questions With Complete Solutions Age-Specific Approaches to Exam Correct Answer Infant: auscultate heart, lungs first Toddler: inspect body area through play, intro equipment slowly Preschool: if cooperative: proceed head-to-toe; if not, same as toddler School age: head-to-toe, genitals last, respect privacy Adolescent: same as school age associative play- preschooler Correct Answer similar activity but no rigid organization, motor activity, dramatic play, games without rules ie; dress up, imitation Atraumatic care- slides 35-38 Correct Answer Goal is to minimize psychological and physical distress or trauma during treatment. Play room: "safe place". Encourage family to participate in treatments. Autosomal dominant Correct Answer infected child will have infected parent, males & females= effected, 50% chance offspring affected ie; marfan syndrome (dwarfism), Huntington disease, osteogenesis imperfecta Autosomal recessive Correct Answer males and females affected in equal numbers, unaffected carrier father and unaffected carrier mother: 25% chance offspring affected, affected child must have 2 affected parents ie; sickle cell, cystic fibrosis, tay sachs, phehylketonuria Box 1-3 "System Strategies to Reduce Peds Med Errors- pg 12 Correct Answer Lower doses based on weight in mg/kg/dose, proper calculations are important. Monitor closely for s/sx of toxicity. Calorie Requirements- slide 73 Correct Answer Cephalocaudal Correct Answer head to tail. it occurs along bodys long axis in which control over head, mouth and eye movements and precedes control over upper body torso and legs. Child Maltreatment- slides 59-60 Correct Answer Childhood Morbidity- 63, 64; pgs 7-8/8-9 Correct Answer An illness or injury that limits activity, requires medical attention or hospitalization, or results in chronic condition. Factors: general health, economic status, access to health care & psycho social factors Childhood Obesity- slide 86 Correct Answer cooperative play- school age Correct Answer teams, organized clubs, rules, competition, construction, computer gams Difference btw ped meds and ped nursing Correct Answer Peds nursing- the art and science of giving nursing care to children from birth through adolescence with holistic family-centered approach, including emphasis on physical growth, mental, emotional, psycho-social, and spiritual development Unintentional injury Informed consent, emancipated minors- slides 69-70 Correct Answer Military, married, confidential treamtent for : STIs, alcohol/drug treatment and contraceptives do not require parental consent ISMP List of Error-Prone Abbrevations Correct Answer JCAHO "Do not use" med abbrev. list Correct Answer KNOW "Language Alternatives When Communicating with young children" pg. 274, Table 11-5; slides 73-74 Correct Answer Use literal, normal, concrete language, be aware of verbal and non-verbal communication. Communicate according to level of cognitive development. Know IQ ranges slide 7 Correct Answer community, self care, developmental ( 2 out of 3 means intell disability) - 0-20 profound intellectual disability(infant - 20-35 severe (0-2 yo) - 35-50 moderate (2-7 yo) trainable - 50-70 mild (7-12 yo) educable - 70-90 borderline - 90-110 normal (avg IQ) - 130 gifted KNOW roles of pediatric nurse- slide 27; pgs 3-4 Correct Answer Two primary goals of pediatric care in all roles/settings: 1) Health Promotion 2) Health Maintenance KNOW the chart on page 114, slide 6 Correct Answer What is normal & what is pathological? Normal for ant. font. to be open until 18mos. Post. font. cloes btw 2 & 3mos. Dynamic diagphramic breathers until 5yo. KNOW vital signs- slide 7 (BP goes up & HR/RR go down with age) Correct Answer Newborn- 30-55; 100-170, One yr- 25-40; 90-140, Three yrs- 20-30; 80-120, Six yrs- 16-22; 70-120, Ten yrs- 16-20; 60-110, > than ten yrs same as adult. BP (estimate<10 yrs): systolic 80 + (2x age); diastolic 2/3s systolic KNOW* top leading causes of death for each group; slides 56- 57; pgs 6-7 Correct Answer Accidental Injuries= #1 cause of mortality in children over 1yr old. Leading causes in less than 15yr old: unintentional injury, congen malforms, cancer, violence After age 15, causes are injuries, homicide, suicide Learning and Intellectual Disabilities- slides 51-52; 55-56 Correct Answer Maturation Correct Answer maturation- synonymous with development, readiness cognitive development- ability to learn and understand from experience, acquire new knowledge and respond to new situations and solve problems Maunchausen Syndrome Correct Answer Multifactorial inheritance Correct Answer many factors; genetic (from both parents) and environmental factors, mainly firts degree relatives affected. ie; neural tube defects, congenital heart defects, cleft lip/palate, autism, diabetes, HTN parallel play- toddlerhood Correct Answer play with similar objects side by side, with little communication or interaction, absorbed in own activity ie; pounding with a hammer, talking on a phone. Both gross motor and fine motor abilities enhanced Piaget Correct Answer Positioning During treatments Correct Answer Hold child upright, parent can do this ( dec IV distress and incr parental happiness). Parent holds child in comfortable position for < 3 mos. One person will be there to interact with child. EMLA cream is like lidocaine for venipuncture Primary, Secondary, Tertiary prevention- slides 47-53 Correct Answer Primary prevention- activities that decr opportunity for illness or injury a disorder is actually prevented from developing ie: giving immunizations, teaching about car safety Principles of pediatric physical examination- slides 8, 9, 11, 12 Correct Answer Communicate at eye level, use honest open communication(pain), understand normal stages of development. Perform exam on parents lap if possible, most distressing to least distressing 3) Patient advocacy 4) Case Management 5) Research Secondary Prevention Correct Answer Disease has not yet become symptomatic is detected and treated early, thereby minimizing serious consequences, not diagnostic by itself ie: Developmental screening (Denver II screening). Early intervention: an important prinicple solitary play- infancy Correct Answer play by themselves, limited interaction ie; grasping a rattle shaking and banging things. Every new object or situation is a new learning experience Table 11-10 "Therapeutic Play Techniques" pg 267/281 Correct Answer Enhances; motor skills, social skills, verbal skills, creativity, decr stress, helps solve problems Table 11-4 "Variations in Med Admin in Child- page 253/273 Correct Answer Use Vastus Lateralis for IM under 3yo. Use dorsal gluteal from IM 3yo and older. PICC lines nothing under 10ml syringe Table 6-1 Three Levels of Prevention- pg 164/154 Correct Answer Prevention- any activity that reduces burden of mortality or morbidity from disease ( preventative health services), primary, secondary and tertiary Tertiary Prevention Correct Answer an existing, usually chronic disease is managed to prevent complications or further damage, rehabilitaton and disaster prevention ie; tight control of blood sugar Top leading causes of hospitalization for each age group Correct Answer 1-9yrs old: Respiratory disease 15-21yrs old: mental disorders; injuries' digestive diseases; complications pregnancy/childbirth Types of Formula- slide 75 Correct Answer Unsuitable for babies under 1yo- slide 76 Correct Answer Why is nursing of children different? slide 5 Correct Answer Children are NOT "little adults". They have developmental and physiological differences, body is still developing. Have more nutritional needs, metabolism reacts differently w/ meds