Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Construction Safety, Exams of Nursing

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OSHA FINAL EXAM (Certification Test )Questions with complete solutions Payment for PPE - correct answer-must be provided by the employer at no cost to employees, except for specific items such as: -safety toe wear -prescription safety eyewear -everyday clothing and weather related gear Engineering Controls - correct answer-If......the work environment can be physically changed to prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard, THEN......the hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control Examples: -Initial design specifications -substitute less harmful material -change process -enclose process -isolate process Work Practice Control - correct answer-IF........employees can change the way they do their jobs and the exposure to materials....THEN...the hazard can be eliminated with a work practice control Examples: Job rotation/wet method/personal hygiene/housekeeping and maintenance Responsibilities - correct answer-Employer: -asses the workplace for hazards -provide PPE -determine when to use -Provide PPE training for employees and instruction in proper use Employee: -use PPE in accordance with training and received and other instructions -inspect daily and maintain in a clean and reliable condition PPE Program - correct answer--includes procedures for selecting, providing, and using PPE -first--assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present -after selecting PPE, provide training to employees Hard Hats - correct answer-Class G: General service (most requires class G)=ON QUIZ Class E: Electrical Work Class C: designed for comfort, offer limited protection Safety Glasses - correct answer--z87 + or Z87 .2 Types of rubber gloves - correct answer--Nitrile-solvents, harsh chemicals etc. -Butyl-gas or water vapors -Kevlar-protects against cuts -Stainless Steel Mesh-protects against cuts and lacerations Flying Objects - correct answer--pressurized containers -abrasive wheels -powder actuated tool -compressed air -Falling objects - correct answer--tools and material staged at elevation -equipment failures -Wind -loading/unloading -best choice for hoisting hot materials -must be inspected annually -must have an affixed tag stating size, grade, rated capacity, and sling manufacturer Employee Training - correct answer--must be trained on initial assignment and when a process changes or there is a new hazard in the workplace -must know where SDS can be found Hazards of chemicals - correct answer--physical hazard -flammable/explosive, water reactive, unstable -health hazards -nausea, stomach, reproductive damage -detection of release will vary depending upon the chemical -visual, smell, odor, air monitoring Acute vs Chronic - correct answer--Acute -occur after a short period of exposure and their damage happens quickly -Chronic -occurs gradually over time and from repeat exposure Safety Data Sheets - correct answer--required for every chemical on the project -most recent version from the manufacturer -must be legible and complete -readily accessible at all times -site specific binder Routes of Entry - correct answer--Inhalation -inhaling vapors, dusts and fumes -Absorption -chemicals through the ski, splashed in eyes, enter through cuts ad cracks in skin -Ingestion -eating/drinking chemicals when you eat, drink, or smoke SDS - correct answer--SDS contains 16 sections -Every container must be labeled -Review SDS and label before use Three basic types of scaffolds - correct answer--supported scaffolds -Suspended scaffolds -aerial lifts Hazards scaffolds - correct answer--falls from elevation -struck by falling objects/debris -electrocution -scaffold collapses caused by instability or overloading -bad planking giving way -while climbing on or off the scaffold -working unguarded scaffold platforms -when scaffold platforms or planks fail Protecting Workers from Falls - correct answer--if a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, protect them by" -guardrails -personal fall arrest systems Fall Protection Requirements - correct answer--can use a PFAS instead of guardrails on some scaffolds Falling object protection - correct answer--wear hardhats -barricade area below scaffold to forbid entry into that area -use panels or screens if material is stacked higher than the toe board -build a canopy or erect a net below the scaffold that will shield Overhead Power Lines - correct answer--the possibility of electrocution is a serious consideration when working near overhead power lines -check the clearance distances listed Essential elements of safe scaffold construction - correct answer--use appropriate scaffold construction methods -proper scaffold access -properly use a competent person Scaffold Platform Construction - correct answer--platforms must: -be fully planked or decked with no more than one inch gaps -be able to support its weight and no more than 4 times the load -no large gaps in front edge of platforms -each abutted end plank has to be on a separate support surface -12 inch overlap scaffold limitations - correct answer--the height of the scaffold should not be more than four times its minimum base dimension unless guys, ties, or braces are used -when using ladders the bottom rung cannot be more than 24 inches high -stairway landings must be at least 30 inches deep and 22 inches wide at every 12 feet or less of vertical rise -20 inches beyond the swing of the door -fix slippery conditions before using LADDERS - correct answer--ensure rungs are spaced 10-14 inches -inspect ladder -keep bottom and top clear -keep ladders free from slipping hazards -inspect before use for cracks, dents, missing rungs -side rails---must be 11.5 inches apart -must support 4 times the maximum load -don't paint ladders (inspection issues) -4 to 1 angle ratio -must be 3 feet above the upper surface -equip a ladder 24 feet or longer with either a ladder safety device or self retracting lifelines with rest platform of every 150 feet or less -cage or well, and multiple ladder sections, each section not exceeding 50 feet Stable rock - correct answer-Class A-fairly stable soil. Can be laid back ¾ to 1 slope or benched Class B- generally stable soil/laid back at 1:1 or benched Class C-least stable/cannot be benched/laid at 1.5:1 ratio Shoring - correct answer--provides framework to work in -uses wales, cross braces, and uprights -supports excavation walls -must know soil type Major causes of crane accidents - correct answer-Falls/Overturns/contact with power lines/mechanical failures How do accidents occur for cranes? - correct answer--Instability-unsecured load, load capacity exceeded, or ground not level or too soft -lack of communication Types of cranes: - correct answer--Mobile -Hydraulic -Overhead -Gantry -Tower Crane HAZARDS - correct answer--Improper load rating -excessive speeds -no signals -inadequate maintenance -inspected daily by operator/in cab on site annual inspection is there -must be 10 feet away from overhead power lines -no damaged exhaust or windows -must have steps/guardrail walkways -no boom angle indicator -Not using outriggers Load capacity - correct answer--make sure the crane operator can see -rated load capacities -operating speeds -special hazard warning or instruction Know the weight of the load - correct answer--refer to shipping ticket -ensure lift calculations are correct Load limiting factors: - correct answer--not level -wind -side loads -on its wheels -lifting over the side -use of extensions, jibs and other attachments -limits of wire rope, slings and lifting devices Suspended Loads - correct answer--never stand underneath suspended loads -boom angle indicator must be on the crane -cranes must be on a firm supporting surface and level within 1 percent -sheaves must be smooth and free of surface defects which could cause rope damage Rigging equipment slings: - correct answer-1: Synthetic-nylon ropes/straps 2: Wire rope 3: Metal mesh 4: Chain Annual Inspections - correct answer--must be made by a competent person -employer must maintain a record of these inspections