PES-Practice Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers, Exams of Advanced Education

Download PES-Practice Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! PES-Practice Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update 2024 The process whereby a tight (overactive) muscle causes decreased neural drive to its functional antagonist is defined as: altered reciprocal inhibition synergistic dominance altered arthrokinematics intramuscular coordination - Correct Answer-altered reciprocal inhibition The ability of the neuromuscular system to exert force against resistance is defined as: power strength speed balance - Correct Answer-strength The process by which synergists compensate for a weak or inhibited prime mover in attempt to maintain force production and functional movement patters is defined as: reciprocal inhibition synergistic dominance joint dysfunction muscle synergy - Correct Answer-synergistic dominance Which of the following is an example of a predominately sagittal plane motion? Calf raises side lunges cable rotations swinging a bat - Correct Answer-Calf raises Which plane bisects the body to create upper and lower halves with motion occurring around a longitudinal (vertical) axis? Sagittal plane Frontal Plane Transverse Plane Scapular plane - Correct Answer-Transverse Plane Which muscle action occurs when the contractile force is equal to the resistive force leading to no visible change in the muscle length? Concentric Isometric Isotonic Eccentric - Correct Answer-Isometric Muscles that act in direct opposition to prime movers are known as: agonists antagonists synergists stabilizers - Correct Answer-antagonists The following are support system muscles of the core (limbo-pelvic hip complex) EXCEPT: transverse abdominus multifidus muscles of the pelvic floor psoas - Correct Answer-psoas Which sub-system is primarily responsible for force transmission longitudinally from the trunk to the ground? Lateral sub-system Deep longitudinal sub-system Posterior oblique sub-system Anterior oblique sub-system - Correct Answer-Deep longitudinal sub-system What is the concentric function of the anterior tibialis? Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and inversion Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and eversion Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and inversion Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and eversion - Correct Answer-Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and inversion The cumulative neural input from sensory afferents to the central nervous system is BEST defined as: motor control sensorimotor integration proprioception motor learning - Correct Answer-proprioception connective tissue atrophy increased tissue stiffness tissue dehydration - Correct Answer-connective tissue atrophy Which of the following is NOT a result of loss of ground substance? Decreased connective tissue lubrication Increased connective tissue inter fiber distance Decreased nutrient diffusion Decreased mechanical barrier against bacteria - Correct Answer-Increased connective tissue inter fiber distance The fluid-like property of connective tissue that allows slow deformation with an imperfect recovery after the deforming forces are removed is elasticity viscoelasticity plasticity all-or-none principl - Correct Answer-viscoelasticity Golgi Tendon Organs are sensitive to changes in tension and the rate at which tension changes changes in muscle length and the rate at which length changes changes in articular tension changes in joint pressure - Correct Answer-changes in tension and the rate at which tension changes Functional flexibility training incorporates: self-myofascial release, static stretching, and neuromuscular stretching self-myofascial release, active-isolated stretching, and neuromuscular stretching self-myofascial release and dynamic stretching self-myofascial release, static stretching, and neurodynamic stretching - Correct Answer-self-myofascial release and dynamic stretching Proper performance of static stretching requires holding the stretch at the first point of tension for 15 seconds 20 seconds 25 seconds 30 seconds - Correct Answer-30 seconds Aerobic exercise requires the body to take oxygen from the atmosphere, deliver it to the lungs, transfer it into the blood, and pump it to the working muscles where it is utilized to oxidize carbohydrates and fats in order to produce: ATP calcium tryptophan epinephrine - Correct Answer-ATP The exercise intensity at which lactic acid starts to accumulate in the bloodstream is known as anaerobic threshold Krebs cycle oxidative phosphorylation aerobic metabolism - Correct Answer-anaerobic threshold Which sporting activity PRIMARILY utilizes the ATP/CP energy system? sprints rowing swimming (1,500 meter) distance running - Correct Answer-sprints The body is able to derive the highest percentage of its energy from fat when it has a respiratory quotient (RQ) of: 0.71 0.80 0.90 1.00 - Correct Answer-0.71 A true "high intensity" workout (approximately) 90% of heart rate maximum) requires a respiratory quotient (RQ) of: 0.70 0.80 0.90 >1.0 - Correct Answer->1.0 The amount of CO2 expired divided by the amount of O2 consumed, measured during rest or at steady state of exercise is BEST defined as: cardiac output stroke volume pulmonary ventilation respiratory quotient - Correct Answer-respiratory quotient Which zone is used to increase anaerobic and aerobic capacity by straddling the energy (anaerobic and aerobe) systems? zone 1 zone 2 zone 3 zone 4 - Correct Answer-zone 2 The state where the body's metabolism is elevated following exercise is known as: excess post exercise oxygen consumption respiration exchange ratio pulmonary ventilation respiratory quotient - Correct Answer-excess post exercise oxygen consumption The core musculature system is divided into all of the following systems EXCEPT: local stabilization systems local movement system global stabilization system movement system - Correct Answer-local movement system Which muscles act to transfer loads between the upper extremity and lower extremity and provide stability between the pelvis and spine? local core stabilizers global core stabilizers movement system stabilizers global movement stabilizers - Correct Answer-global core stabilizers The primary muscles that make up the movement system include: latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstrings, and quadriceps quadrates lumborum, psoas major, external oblique, and rectus abdomens multifidus, transverse abdomens, diaphragm, and pelvid floor muscles internal oblique, psoas minor, rotator cuff, and deep cervical flexors - Correct Answer- latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstrings, and quadriceps Which muscle is NOT part of the movement system? hamstring multifidus erector spinae adductors - Correct Answer-multifidus The maximal running speed one is able to attain is referred to as: acceleration maximal speed speed endurance stride rate - Correct Answer-maximal speed The ability to change direction or orientation of the body based on rapid processing of internal or external information quickly and accurately without significant loss of speed agility multidirectional speed reaction time total response time - Correct Answer-agility The time elapsed between the athlete's recognition of the need to act and initiating the appropriate action is BEST defined as: quickness reaction time total response time agility - Correct Answer-reaction time All of the following are adaptive benefits from resistance training EXCEPT: improved cardiovascular efficiency beneficial endocrine and serum lipid adaptations decreased bone density increased tissue tensile strength - Correct Answer-decreased bone density The enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers in response to overcoming force from high- tension requirements is BEST defined as: strength hypertrophy neuromuscular efficiency sensorimotor integration - Correct Answer-hypertrophy Which exercise is considered a total body stabilization exercise? Ball squat curl to overhead press step up to overhead press: sagittal plane lunge to overhead press: frontal plane barbell clean - Correct Answer-Ball squat curl to overhead press Which exercise is considered a leg-strength exercise? ice skaters lunge: transverse plane squat jump single leg romanian deadliest - Correct Answer-lunge: transverse plane Although no study can be considered as definitive, the literature consistently provides evidence that the Olympic lifts improve all of the following EXCEPT: rate of force development high-load speed strength vertical jump performance VO2 max - Correct Answer-VO2 max Which phases of the OPT model are Olympic lifts MOST appropriate? Phase 1 Phases 2&3 Phases 4&5 Phase 6 - Correct Answer-Phases 4&5 Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate for an athlete training in the Stabilization level (phase 1) of the Optimum Performance Training model? Ball Dumbbell Chest Press Bench Press Two-Arm Medicine Ball Chest Pass Medicine Ball Oblique Throw - Correct Answer-Ball Dumbbell Chest Press According to the Optimum Performance Training Model, how many repetitions are required during resistance training for a phase 1 stabilization endurance training workout for maximal adaptations? 25-30 12-20 5-10 1-3 - Correct Answer-12-20 Which phase of the Optimum Performance Training model strictly focuses on high- velocity training for further increases in power by training with 30-45% of an athlete's maximum strength and by accelerating through the entire range of motion? power training maximal power training hypertrophy training maximal strength training - Correct Answer-maximal power training According to the text, which muscles are notably diminished in patients with low back pain? Transverse abdominus and multifudus rectus abdomens and external obliques posas major and tensor fascia late latissimus dorsi and piriformis - Correct Answer-Transverse abdominus and multifudus Rotator cuff conditions such as strains ruptures, and tendonopathies account for approximately: 10-15% of shoulder injuries 30-35% of shoulder injuries 55-60% of shoulder injuries 75-80% of shoulder injurie - Correct Answer-75-80% of shoulder injuries Which macronutrient is MOST appropriate for an athlete to consume to delay the onset of fatigue caused by glycogen depletion? protein carbohydrates fat vitamin k - Correct Answer-carbohydrates The following are key roles of protein EXCEPT: supporting growth and maintenance of body tissues synthesizing enzymes, hormones, and other peptides building antibodies provides nine calories of energy per gram - Correct Answer-provides nine calories of energy per gram All of the following can cause an athlete to be at risk from micronutrient deficiencies EXCEPT: athletes who resrict calorie intake athletes who consume 20-35% of daily energy intake as fat athletes who eliminate one or more food groups from their daily diet athletes who consume high-calorie, low-nutrient dense diets - Correct Answer-athletes who consume 20-35% of daily energy intake as fat The 2004 DRIs recommend an adequate intake for water to be: 750z/day for males and 100 oz/day for females 100 oz/day for males and 75 oz/day for females exertional heat stroke considerable body heat loss an incline of core temperature excessive water retention - Correct Answer-considerable body heat loss High volume resistance exercise can cause cortisol to gradually decrease during and after training gradually increase during and after training exponentially decreases during and after training exponentially increase during and after training - Correct Answer-exponentially increase during and after training What is the rationale for recommending that athletes consume an increased protein intake to recover from intense endurance training? To counteract the increased oxidation of carbohydrates and fat For nitrogen balance due to increased protein oxidation In order to accelerate fat and calorie loss after exercise For a negative energy balance and to increase muscle hypertrophy - Correct Answer- For nitrogen balance due to increased protein oxidation What is the interrelationships among energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density, which can have negative clinical effects, also called? Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea Preservation of Eumennorrhea Bone Mineral Density Loss Female Athlete Triad - Correct Answer-Female Athlete Triad The maximal strength training phase of the OPT model improves all of the following EXCEPT recruitment of more motor units muscle imbalances rate of force production motor unit synchronization - Correct Answer-muscle imbalances What is the MOST appropriate rest period if an athlete is training for power or maximal strength adaptations? 0-30 seconds 45-60 seconds 90 seconds 3-5 minutes - Correct Answer-3-5 minutes Which macronutrient is a primary fuel source during physical activity? Protein Carbohydrates Fat Vitamin A - Correct Answer-Carbohydrates What assessment measures dynamic balance and neuromuscular efficiency of the testing leg and also establishes objective range of motion measurements during closed chain functional movements? Single-leg STAR balance excursion test davies test shark skill test durnin/womersley test - Correct Answer-Single-leg STAR balance excursion test Which muscles are MOST likely under active and should be strengthened when an athletes knees move inward during the overhead squat assessment? gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis oblique adductor complex, TFL, bicep femurs (short head), vast us laterals biceps femurs (short head), semimembranosus psoas major soleus, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis - Correct Answer-gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis oblique Which type of exercise is the "Reverse Crunch"? Core-stabilization core-strength reactive-stabilization balance-stabilization - Correct Answer-core-strength What muscles require additional activation and strengthening when an athlete elevates his/her shoulders during the pulling assessment? mid/lower trapezius hip flexors, erector spinae pectorales major, pectorals minor, triceps brachia upper trapezium, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapulae - Correct Answer-mid/lower trapezius Which of the following is considered a cardiorespiratory training adaptation? decreased stroke volume increased resting heart rate increased VO2 max decreased cardiac output - Correct Answer-increased VO2 max Two primary muscle mechanoreceptors include: cerebellum and spinal cord golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle skiin and nocioceptors ruffini afferents and paciniform afferent - Correct Answer-golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle If the amortization phase is prolonged during a plyometric (reactive) training exercise, the amount of elastic potential energy increases decreases remains the same enhances force output - Correct Answer-decreases Which of the following is a PRIMARY adaptation of a high volume resistance training program? decreased rate of force production decreased rate coding increased neural inhibition cellular/hypertrophic changes - Correct Answer-cellular/hypertrophic changes The professional legally qualified to practice in the field of nutrition is a strength and conditioning coach nutritionist registered dietician nurtitionalist - Correct Answer-registered dietician Common symptoms related to iron deficiency (with and without anemia) include the following EXCEPT: fatigue hyperactivity impaired cognitive function poor body temperature regulation - Correct Answer-hyperactivity The long bones of the foot between the phalanges and tarsals are the cuneiform bones cuboid bone navicular bones