Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025, Exams of Pharmacology

Download Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 and more Exams Pharmacology in PDF only on Docsity! Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a plan of care for a pt who has been newly diagnosed w/ type 2 diabetes. Which statement reflects the correct format for a nursing diagnosis? a. anxiety b. anxiety related to new drug therapy c. anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to test my blood sugars." d. anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to test my blood sugars." - correct answer ✅✅D The pt is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) 2x a day. Today, the nurse was busy & gave the med 2 hrs after the scheduled dose was due. What type of problem does this represent? a. right time b. right dose c. right route d. right medication - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse has been monitoring the pt's progress on a new drug regimen since the first dose & documenting the pt's therapeutic response to the medication. Which phase of the nursing process do these actions illustrate? a. nursing diagnosis b. planning c. implementation d. evaluation - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is assigned to a pt who is newly diagnosed w/ type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an outcome criterion for this pt? Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. the pt will follow instructions b. the pt will not experience complications c. the pt will adhere to the new insulin treatment regimen d. the pt will demonstrate correct blood glucose testing technique - correct answer ✅✅D Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the pt who is newly diagnosed w/ HTN? a. providing education on keeping a journal of BP readings b. setting goals & outcome criteria w/ the pt's input c. recording a drug history regarding OTC medications used at home d. formulating nursing diagnoses regarding deficient knowledge r/t the new treatment regimen - correct answer ✅✅A The medication order reads, "Give ondansetron (Zofran) 4 mg, 30 mins before beginning chemotherapy to prevent nausea." The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order. What is the nurse's best action? a. give the medication intravenously b/c the pt might vomit b. give the medication orally b/c the tablet are available in 4 mg doses c. contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered d. hold the medication until the prescriber returns to make rounds - correct answer ✅✅C When the nurse considers the timing of a drug dose, which factor is appropriate to consider when deciding when to give a drug? a. the pt's ability to swallow b. the pt's height c. the pt's last meal Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 The pt is experiencing chest pain & needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where does the nurse instruct the pt to place the tablet? a. under the tongue b. on top of the tongue c. at the back of the throat d. in the space btwn the cheek & gum - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is administering medications to the pt who is in renal failure resulting from endstage renal disease. The nurse is aware that pts w/ kidney failure would most likely have problems w/ which pharmacokinetic phase? a. absorption b. distribution c. metabolism d. excretion - correct answer ✅✅D Which drugs would be affected by the first-pass effect? (Select all that apply) a. morphine given by IV push injection b. sublingual nitroglycerin tablets c. diphenhydramine elixir d. levothyroxine tablets e. transdermal nictotine patches f. esomephrazole capsules g. penicillin given by IV piggyback infusion - correct answer ✅✅C, D, F Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester of pregnancy for which reason? a. decreased fetal surface area Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. increased placental surface area c. enhanced blood flow to the fetus d. increased amount of protein-bound drug in maternal circulation - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is reviewing the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which include which effect? a. Anxiolytic b. Sedative c. Antipyretic d. Antimicrobial - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is taking the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (Indocin) as treatment for pericarditis. The nurse will teach the patient to watch for which adverse effect? a. Tachycardia b. Nervousness c. Nausea and vomiting d. Dizziness - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83 year old pt & determines that the pt is experiencing polypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy? a. the pt is experiencing multiple illnesses b. the pt uses one med for an illness several times per day Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 c. the pt uses OTC - correct answer ✅✅ The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Which instruction will the nurse include during the teaching session? a. "Fluids should be restricted while on colchicine therapy." b. "Take colchicine with meals." c. "The drug will be discontinued when symptoms are reduced." d. "Call your doctor if you have increased pain or blood in the urine." - correct answer ✅✅d A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children? a. Photosensitivity and nervousness b. Tinnitus and hearing loss c. Acute gastrointestinal bleeding d. Hyperventilation and drowsiness - correct answer ✅✅d A 6-year-old child who has chickenpox also has a fever of 102.9° F (39.4° C). The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "It's best to wait to see if the fever gets worse." Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. Hypothyroidism c. Hypertension d. Angina - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID) to treat tendonitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? (Select all that apply.) a. Vitamin K deficiency b. Arthralgia c. Peptic ulcer disease d. Neuropathy e. Pericarditis - correct answer ✅✅a,c A 75-year-old woman has been given a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (an NSAID for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID? (Select all that apply.) a. Antibiotics b. Decongestants c. Anticoagulants d. Beta blockers e. Diuretics Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 f. Corticosteroids - correct answer ✅✅c,e,f A patient was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer last month, and has complained of a dull ache in the abdomen for the past 4 months. This pain has been gradually increasing, and the pain relievers taken at home are no longer effective. What type of pain is the patient experiencing? a. Acute pain b. Chronic pain c. Somatic pain d. Neuropathic pain - correct answer ✅✅b An 18-year-old basketball player fell and twisted his ankle during a game. The nurse will expect to administer which type of analgesic? a. Synthetic opioid, such as meperidine (Demerol) b. Opium alkaloid, such as morphine sulfate c. Opioid antagonist, such as naloxone HCL (Narcan) d. Nonopioid analgesic, such as indomethacin (Indocin) - correct answer ✅✅d A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe pain around his incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient? Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. His pulse rate b. His respiratory rate c. The appearance of the incision d. The date of his last bowel movement - correct answer ✅✅b A 78-year-old patient is in the recovery room after having a lengthy surgery on his hip. As he is gradually awakening, he requests pain medication. Within 10 minutes after receiving a dose of morphine sulfate, he is very lethargic and his respirations are shallow, with a rate of 7 per minute. The nurse prepares for which priority action at this time? a. Assessment of the patient's pain level b. Immediate intubation and artificial ventilation c. Administration of naloxone (Narcan) d. Close observation of signs of opioid tolerance - correct answer ✅✅c A patient will be discharged with a 1-week supply of an opioid analgesic for pain management after abdominal surgery. The nurse will include which information in the teaching plan? a. How to prevent dehydration due to diarrhea b. The importance of taking the drug only when the pain becomes severe c. How to prevent constipation d. The importance of taking the drug on an empty stomach - correct answer ✅✅c Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 A patient is receiving gabapentin (Neurontin), an anticonvulsant, but has no history of seizures. The nurse expects that the patient is receiving this drug for which condition? a. Inflammation pain b. Pain associated with peripheral neuropathy c. Depression associated with chronic pain d. Prevention of seizures - correct answer ✅✅b The nurse is assessing a patient who has been admitted to the emergency department for a possible opioid overdose. Which assessment finding is characteristic of an opioid drug overdose? a. Dilated pupils b. Restlessness c. Respiration rate of 6 breaths/min d. Heart rate of 55 beats/min - correct answer ✅✅c The drug nalbuphine (Nubain) is an agonist-antagonist (partial agonist). The nurse understands that which is a characteristic of partial agonists? a. They have anti-inflammatory effects. b. They are given to reverse the effects of opiates. c. They have a higher potency than agonists. d. They have a lower dependency potential than agonists. - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 The nurse is assessing a patient for contraindications to drug therapy with acetaminophen (Tylenol). Which patient should not receive acetaminophen? a. A patient with a fever of 101° F (38.3° C) b. A patient who is complaining of a mild headache c. A patient with a history of liver disease d. A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease - correct answer ✅✅c A patient arrives at the urgent care center complaining of leg pain after a fall when rock climbing. The x-rays show no broken bones, but he has a large bruise on his thigh. The patient says he drives a truck and does not want to take anything strong because he needs to stay awake. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "It would be best for you not to take anything if you are planning to drive your truck." b. "We will discuss with your doctor about taking an opioid because that would work best for your pain." c. "You can take acetaminophen, also known as Tylenol, for pain, but no more than 1000 mg per day." d. "You can take acetaminophen, also known as Tylenol, for pain, but no more than 3000 mg per day." - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 A patient is suffering from tendonitis of the knee. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication administration record and recognizes that which adjuvant medication is most appropriate for this type of pain? a. Antidepressant b. Anticonvulsant c. Corticosteroid d. Local anesthesia - correct answer ✅✅c Vicodin (acetaminophen/hydrocodone) is prescribed for a patient who has had surgery. The nurse informs the patient that which common adverse effects can occur with this medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Lightheadedness d. Nervousness e. Urinary retention f. Itching - correct answer ✅✅b,c,e,f When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse will monitor for which possible adverse effect? a. Metabolic alkalosis b. Elevated blood glucose Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, which of these assessment measures would best reflect the patient's fluid volume status? a. Blood pressure and pulse b. Serum potassium and sodium levels c. Intake, output, and daily weight d. Measurements of abdominal girth and calf circumference - correct answer ✅✅c A patient is being discharged to home on a single daily dose of a diuretic. The nurse instructs the patient to take the dose at which time so it will be least disruptive to the patient's daily routine? a. In the morning b. At noon c. With supper d. At bedtime - correct answer ✅✅a A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially? a. Loop diuretics b. Osmotic diuretics c. Thiazide diuretics d. Potassium-sparing diuretics - correct answer ✅✅c Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema. Which class of diuretic is used to reduce intracranial pressure? a. Loop diuretics b. Osmotic diuretics c. Thiazide diuretics d. Vasodilators - correct answer ✅✅b A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very independent and wants to continue to live at home. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient? a. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal. b. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house. c. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he needs to stop taking it and take potassium supplements instead. d. He needs to take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - correct answer ✅✅d A patient on diuretic therapy calls the clinic because he's had the flu, with "terrible vomiting and diarrhea," and he has not kept anything down for 2 days. He feels weak and extremely tired. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "It's important to try to stay on your prescribed medication. Try to take it with sipsof water." Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. "Stop taking the diuretic for a few days, and then restart it when you feel better." c. "You will need an increased dosage of the diuretic because of your illness. Let me speak to the physician." d. "Please come into the clinic for an evaluation to make sure there are no complications." - correct answer ✅✅d When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms? (Select all that apply.) a. Dyspnea b. Constipation c. Tinnitus d. Muscle weakness e. Anorexia f. Lethargy - correct answer ✅✅d,e,f Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the patient who has just received a prescription for a new medication? a. Noncompliance related to new drug therapy b. Impaired memory related to new drug therapy c. Lack of knowledge regarding newly prescribed drug therapy d. Deficient knowledge related to newly prescribed drug therapy - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. A family member of the patient b. A close family friend of the patient c. A translator who does not know the patient d. Prewritten note cards with both English and the patient's language - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is teaching a 16-year-old patient who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes about blood glucose monitoring and the importance of regulating glucose intake. When developing a teaching plan for this teenager, which of Erikson's stages of development should the nurse consider? a. Trust versus mistrust b. Intimacy versus isolation c. Industry versus inferiority d. Identity versus role confusion - correct answer ✅✅d A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation? a. Teaching effective coping strategies b. Asking the patient's prescriber to reduce the number of drugs prescribed c. Assuring the patient that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine d. Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 Which are appropriate considerations when the nurse is assessing the learning needs of a patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Cultural background b. Family history c. Level of education d. Readiness to learn e. Health beliefs - correct answer ✅✅A,c,d,e The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error? a. A patient refuses her morning medications. b. A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half. c. A patient develops hives after having started an IV antibiotic 24 hours earlier. d. A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given. - correct answer ✅✅b The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drug ordered? a. Digoxin .125 mg b. Digoxin .1250 mg Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 c. Digoxin 0.125 mg d. Digoxin 0.1250 mg - correct answer ✅✅c When given a scheduled morning medication, the patient states, "I haven't seen that pill before. Are you sure it's correct?" The nurse checks the medication administration record and verifies that it is listed. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "It's listed here on the medication sheet, so you should take it." b. "Go ahead and take it, and then I'll check with your doctor about it." c. "It wouldn't be listed here if it were not ordered for you!" d. "Let me check on the order first before you take it." - correct answer ✅✅d During a period of time when the computerized medication order system was down, the prescriber wrote admission orders, and the nurse is transcribing them. The nurse is having difficulty transcribing one order because of the prescriber's handwriting. Which is the best action for the nurse to take at this time? a. Ask a colleague what the order says. b. Contact the prescriber to clarify the order. c. Wait until the prescriber makes rounds again to clarify the order. d. Ask the patient what medications he takes at home. - correct answer ✅✅b When taking a telephone order for a medication, which action by the nurse is most appropriate? Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 harmony with nature and the belief that disease is a result of ill spirits? a. Hispanics b. Asian Americans c. Native Americans d. African Americans - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is assessing an elderly Hispanic woman who is being treated for hypertension. During the assessment, what is important for the nurse to remember about cultural aspects? a. The patient should be discouraged from using folk remedies and rituals. b. The nurse will expect the patient to value protective bracelets and "root workers" as healers. c. The nurse will remember that the balance among body, mind, and environment is important for this patient's health beliefs. d. The nurse's assessment needs to include gathering information regarding religious practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing. - correct answer ✅✅d When reviewing the various schedules of controlled drugs, the nurse knows that which description correctly describes Schedule II drugs? a. Drugs with high potential for abuse that have accepted medical use b. Drugs with high potential for abuse that do not have accepted medical use Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 c. Medically accepted drugs that may cause moderate physical or psychologic dependence d. Medically accepted drugs with limited potential for causing physical or psychologic dependence - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse is reviewing facts about pharmacology for a review course. The term legend drug refers to which item? a. Over-the-counter drugs b. Prescription drugs c. Orphan drugs d. Older drugs - correct answer ✅✅b Nurses have the ethical responsibility to tell the truth to their patients. What is this principle known as? a. Justice b. Veracity c. Beneficence d. Autonomy - correct answer ✅✅b A patient is undergoing major surgery and asks the nurse about a living will. He states, "I don't want anybody else making decisions for me. And I don't want to prolong my life." The patient is demonstrating which ethical term? Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. Autonomy b. Beneficence c. Justice d. Veracity - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse is reviewing a list of scheduled drugs and notes that Schedule C-I drugs are not on the list. Which is a characteristic of Schedule C-I drugs? a. No refills are permitted. b. They may be obtained over-the-counter with a signature. c. They are available only by written prescription. d. They are used only with approved protocols. - correct answer ✅✅d During a busy night shift, a new nurse administered an unfamiliar medication without checking it in a drug handbook. Later that day, the patient had a severe reaction because he has renal problems, which was a contraindication to that drug. The nurse may be liable for which of these? a. Medical negligence b. Nursing negligence c. Nonmaleficence d. Autonomy - correct answer ✅✅b The nurse is reviewing the concept of drug polymorphism. Which factors contribute to drug polymorphism? (Select all that apply.) Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 responses in an elderly patient who is taking which type of drug? a. Laxatives b. Anticoagulants c. Sedatives d. Antidepressants - correct answer ✅✅c For accurate medication administration to pediatric patients, the nurse must take into account which criteria? a. Organ maturity b. Renal output c. Body temperature d. Height - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse recognizes that it is not uncommon for an elderly patient to experience a reduction in the stomach's ability to produce hydrochloric acid. This change may result in which effect? a. Delayed gastric emptying b. Increased gastric acidity c. Decreased intestinal absorption of medications d. Altered absorption of weakly acidic drugs - correct answer ✅✅d The nurse is administering drugs to neonates and will consider which factor may contribute the most to drug toxicity? a. The lungs are immature. Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. The kidneys are small. c. The liver is not fully developed. d. Excretion of the drug occurs quickly. - correct answer ✅✅c An 83-year-old woman has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure. She and her daughter should be told to watch for which problems? a. Constipation and anorexia b. Fatigue, leg cramps, and dehydration c. Daytime sedation and lethargy d. Edema, nausea, and blurred vision - correct answer ✅✅b An elderly patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension will be receiving a new prescription for an antihypertensive drug. The nurse expects which type of dosing to occur with this drug therapy? a. Drug therapy will be based on the patient's weight. b. Drug therapy will be based on the patient's age. c. The patient will receive the maximum dose that is expected to reduce the blood pressure. d. The patient will receive the lowest possible dose at first, and then the dose will be increased as needed. - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 The nurse is trying to give a liquid medication to a -year-old child and notes that the medication has a strong taste. Which technique is the best way for the nurse to give the medication to this child? a. Give the medication with a spoonful of ice cream. b. Add the medication to the child's bottle. c. Tell the child you have candy for him. d. Add the medication to a cup of milk. - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse is preparing to give an injection to a 4-year-old child. Which intervention is age appropriate for this child? a. Give the injection without any advanced preparation. b. Give the injection, and then explain the reason for the procedure afterward. c. Offer a brief, concrete explanation of the procedure at the patient's level and with the parent or caregiver present. d. Prepare the child in advance with details about the procedure without the parent or caregiver present. - correct answer ✅✅c Which statements are true regarding pediatric patients and pharmacokinetics? (Select all that apply.) a. The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. decried vascular resistance b. increased vascular volume c. decreased peristalsis d. decreased hunger - correct answer ✅✅b mr J has COPD and takes Prednisone daily. His foot wound won't heal. why? a. eats too much chocolate b. steroid use c. not taking his vitamins d. high glucose levels - correct answer ✅✅b which is a symptom of anaphylaxis? a. diarrhea b. hypertension c. hair loss d. swelling of face and lips - correct answer ✅✅d which type of bacteria, lives happily in you rowdy without causing a problem? a. nonpathogenic b. opportunistic c. pathogenic d. gram positive - correct answer ✅✅a you have a sore throat. Dr prescribes PCN. What type of therapy is this? a. definitive Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. prophylactic c. empiric d. questionable - correct answer ✅✅c which med group can cause hearing loss? a. aminoglycosides b. macrolides c. penicillins d. tetracyclines - correct answer ✅✅a prior to administering a medication for a UTI you should first... a. get a urine for culture b. push oral fluids c. administer the first dose of ATB IV d. assess the IV site - correct answer ✅✅a what is the best advice to give your pt taking an antimicrobial? a. finish all the medicine even if symptoms are gone b. get a daily weight c. measure your I&O at home d. take a daily temperature - correct answer ✅✅a which antibiotics can cause Redman syndrome? a. penicillins b. vancomycin Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 c. aminoglycosides d. tetracycline - correct answer ✅✅b painful mouth sores a=caused by antibiotic therapy is called a. liver toxicity b. organ toxicity c. superinfection d. renal failure - correct answer ✅✅c ethambutol for TB can cause what condition? a. loss of vision b. loss of hearing c. loss of appetite d. back pain - correct answer ✅✅a can a virus be killed? a. yes b. no - correct answer ✅✅b on which part of the nephron does Furosemide act? a. collecting tubule b. proximal convoluted tubule c. loop of Henle d. glomerulus - correct answer ✅✅c Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 b. pull sodium from urine to blood c. add potassium to the urine - correct answer ✅✅a what does not filter through the glomerulus to make urine? a. electrolytes b. urea c. water d. blood cells - correct answer ✅✅d which of the following medications is not a potassium sparing diuretic? a. spironolactone b. furosemide c. triamterene d. amiloride - correct answer ✅✅b for what reason might you hold a dose of a diuretic? a. BP 120/76 b. BP 139/98 c. Na 138 d. K 3.0 - correct answer ✅✅d which of the following are not symptoms of hypokalemia? a. thirst b. irregular heart rate and dysrhythmias c. felling energized Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 d. muscle cramps - correct answer ✅✅c which diuretic is the first choice for initial treatment of hypertension? a. thiazide diuretics b. potassium sparing diuretics c. loop diuretics d. ace inhibitors - correct answer ✅✅a which of the following are adverse symptoms of loop diuretics? (2) a. ototoxicity b. sodium and potassium loss c. water loss d. fainting or falling - correct answer ✅✅a,d When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics? a. Tetracyclines b. Sulfonamides c. Cephalosporins d. Quinolones - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 statement by the nurse is correct? a. "Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication." b. "Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline." c. "Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress." d. "Take the medication until you are feeling better." - correct answer ✅✅a When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs? a. The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. c. The warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin. d. The warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin. - correct answer ✅✅a A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling "anxious" and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first? a. Notify the prescriber. b. Take the patient's vital signs. c. Stop the antibiotic infusion. d. Check for allergies. - correct answer ✅✅c Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. Empiric b. Prophylactic c. Definitive d. Resistance - correct answer ✅✅b A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections? a. Macrolides b. Carbapenems c. Sulfonamides d. Tetracyclines - correct answer ✅✅c During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by: a. large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora. b. the infection spreading from her lungs to the new site of infection. c. resistance of the pneumonia-causing bacteria to the drugs. d. an allergic reaction to the antibiotics. - correct answer ✅✅a The nurse is preparing to use an antiseptic. Which statement is correct regarding how antiseptics differ from disinfectants? a. Antiseptics are used to sterilize surgical equipment. b. Disinfectants are used as preoperative skin preparation. Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 c. Antiseptics are used only on living tissue to kill microorganisms. d. Disinfectants are used only on nonliving objects to destroy organisms. - correct answer ✅✅d A patient with a long-term intravenous catheter is going home. The nurse knows that if he is allergic to seafood, which antiseptic agent is contraindicated? a. Chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens) b. Hydrogen peroxide c. Povidone-iodine (Betadine) d. Isopropyl alcohol - correct answer ✅✅c During antibiotic therapy, the nurse will monitor closely for signs and symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction. Which of these assessment findings may be an indication of a hypersensitivity reaction? (Select all that apply.) a. Wheezing b. Diarrhea c. Shortness of breath d. Swelling of the tongue e. Itching f. Black, hairy tongue - correct answer ✅✅A,c,d,e The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a patient who will be taking a sulfonamide Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 antibiotic. During sulfonamide therapy, a significant drug interaction may occur with which of these drugs or drug classes? (Select all that apply.) a. Opioids b. Oral contraceptives c. Sulfonylureas d. Antihistamines e. Phenytoin (Dilantin) f. Warfarin (Coumadin) - correct answer ✅✅b,c,e,f When a patient is on aminoglycoside therapy, the nurse will monitor the patient for which indicators of potential toxicity? a. Fever b. White blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm3 c. Tinnitus and dizziness d. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is administering a vancomycin (Vancocin) infusion. Which measure is appropriate for the nurse to implement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this drug's administration? a. Monitoring blood pressure for hypertension during the infusion b. Discontinuing the drug immediately if red man syndrome occurs c. Restricting fluids during vancomycin therapy d. Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour - correct answer ✅✅d Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. Dapsone (Cubicin), a miscellaneous antibiotic b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a quinolone c. Linezolid (Zyvox), an oxazolidinone d. Colistimethate sodium (Coly-Mycin), a polypeptide antibiotic - correct answer ✅✅d A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs? a. Neuralgia b. Double vision c. Hypotension d. Tendonitis and tendon rupture - correct answer ✅✅d The nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL and holding the drug - correct answer ✅✅A,c,d,f Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 A patient will be receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) treatment for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and will question the nitrofurantoin order if which disorder is present in the history? (Select all that apply.) a. Liver disease b. Coronary artery disease c. Hyperthyroidism d. Type 1 diabetes mellitus e. Chronic renal disease - correct answer ✅✅a,e A patient has a new order for the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura). When providing education about this drug, the nurse will include which instructions? a. "Weigh yourself daily, and report any weight loss to your prescriber." b. "Increase your potassium intake by eating more bananas and apricots." c. "The impaired taste associated with this medication usually goes away in 2 to 3 weeks." d. "Be sure to lie down after taking the first dose, because first-dose hypotension may make you dizzy." - correct answer ✅✅d A patient with severe liver disease is receiving the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril (Capoten). The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug for this patient is which characteristic? Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. Captopril rarely causes first-dose hypotensive effects. b. Captopril has little effect on electrolyte levels. c. Captopril is a prodrug and is metabolized by the liver before becoming active. d. Captopril is not a prodrug and does not need to be metabolized by the liver before becoming active. - correct answer ✅✅d During a follow-up visit, the health care provider examines the fundus of the patient's eye. Afterward, the patient asks the nurse, "Why is he looking at my eyes when I have high blood pressure? It does not make sense to me!" What is the best response by the nurse? a. "We need to monitor for drug toxicity." b. "We must watch for increased intraocular pressure." c. "The provider is assessing for visual changes that may occur with drug therapy." d. "The provider is making sure the treatment is effective over the long term." - correct answer ✅✅d The nurse is preparing for a community education program on hypertension. Which of these parameters determine the regulation of arterial blood pressure? a. Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance b. Heart rate and peripheral resistance c. Blood volume and renal blood flow d. Myocardial contractility and arteriolar constriction - correct answer ✅✅a Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 a. Beta blockers b. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors c. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) d. Calcium channel blockers - correct answer ✅✅b A pregnant woman is experiencing hypertension. The nurse knows that which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension? a. Mannitol (Osmitrol) b. Enalapril (Vasotec) c. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) d. Methyldopa (Aldomet) - correct answer ✅✅d A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been found to have trace proteinuria. The prescriber writes an order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. What is the main reason for prescribing this class of drug for this patient? a. Cardioprotective effects b. Renal protective effects c. Reduces blood pressure d. Promotes fluid output - correct answer ✅✅b The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse checks the current medication orders, knowing Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 that this drug class may have a serious interaction with what other drug class? a. Calcium channel blockers b. Diuretics c. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs d. Nitrates - correct answer ✅✅c An older adult patient will be taking a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse effect is of most concern for the older adult patient taking this class of drug? a. Dry mouth b. Restlessness c. Constipation d. Hypotension - correct answer ✅✅d When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statements by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply.) a. "You need to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings." b. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking the drug." c. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first." Pharm - Test Bank Exam 1 A+ Guide 2024-2025 d. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit." e. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs." f. "Please continue taking the medication, even if you are feeling better." - correct answer ✅✅A,c,f The nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL and holding the drug - correct answer ✅✅A,c,d,e A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol (Zyloprim) for 2 months. The nurse will monitor laboratory results for which therapeutic effect? a. Decreased uric acid levels b. Decreased prothrombin time c. Decreased white blood cell count