Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Pharmacology

Download Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers and more Exams Pharmacology in PDF only on Docsity! pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics? a. Tetracyclines b. Sulfonamides c. Cephalosporins d. Quinolones - correct answer ✅✅c The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication." b. "Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline." c. "Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress." d. "Take the medication until you are feeling better." - correct answer ✅✅A When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. c. The warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin. d. The warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin. - correct answer ✅✅A A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling "anxious" and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first? a. Notify the prescriber. b. Take the patient's vital signs. c. Stop the antibiotic infusion. d. Check for allergies. - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is admitted with a fever of 102.8° F (39.3° C), origin unknown. Assessment reveals cloudy, foul-smelling urine that is dark amber in color. Orders have just been written to obtain stat urine and blood cultures and to administer an antibiotic intravenously. The nurse will complete these orders in which sequence? a. Blood culture, antibiotic dose, urine culture pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Fourth generation - correct answer ✅✅A A patient will be having oral surgery and has received an antibiotic to take for 1 week before the surgery. The nurse knows that this is an example of which type of therapy? a. Empiric b. Prophylactic c. Definitive d. Resistance - correct answer ✅✅B A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections? a. Macrolides b. Carbapenems c. Sulfonamides d. Tetracyclines - correct answer ✅✅C During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by: pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 a. large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora. b. the infection spreading from her lungs to the new site of infection. c. resistance of the pneumonia-causing bacteria to the drugs. d. an allergic reaction to the antibiotics. - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is preparing to use an antiseptic. Which statement is correct regarding how antiseptics differ from disinfectants? a. Antiseptics are used to sterilize surgical equipment. b. Disinfectants are used as preoperative skin preparation. c. Antiseptics are used only on living tissue to kill microorganisms. d. Disinfectants are used only on nonliving objects to destroy organisms. - correct answer ✅✅D A patient with a long-term intravenous catheter is going home. The nurse knows that if he is allergic to seafood, which antiseptic agent is contraindicated? a. Chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens) b. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Hydrogen peroxide c. Povidone-iodine (Betadine) d. Isopropyl alcohol - correct answer ✅✅C During antibiotic therapy, the nurse will monitor closely for signs and symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction. Which of these assessment findings may be an indication of a hypersensitivity reaction? (Select all that apply.) a. Wheezing b. Diarrhea c. Shortness of breath d. Swelling of the tongue e. Itching f. Black, hairy tongue - correct answer ✅✅A,C,D,E The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a patient who will be taking a sulfonamide antibiotic. During sulfonamide therapy, a significant drug interaction may occur with which of these drugs or drug classes? (Select all that apply.) a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 c. Vancomycin (Vancocin) d. Tobramycin (Nebcin) - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is receiving aminoglycoside therapy and will be receiving a beta- lactam antibiotic as well. The patient asks why two antibiotics have been ordered. What is the nurse's best response? a. "The combined effect of both antibiotics is greater than each of them alone." b. "One antibiotic is not strong enough to fight the infection." c. "We have not yet isolated the bacteria, so the two antibiotics are given to cover a wide range of microorganisms." d. "We can give a reduced amount of each one if we give them together." - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is reviewing the medication orders for a patient who will be receiving gentamicin therapy. Which other medication or medication class, if ordered, would be a potential interaction concern? a. Calcium channel blockers b. Phenytoin c. Proton pump inhibitors pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 d. Loop diuretics - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse checks the patient's laboratory work prior to administering a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin) and finds that the trough vancomycin level is 24 mcg/mL. What will the nurse do next? a. Administer the vancomycin as ordered. b. Hold the drug, and administer 4 hours later. c. Hold the drug, and notify the prescriber. d. Repeat the test to verify results. - correct answer ✅✅C A patient has been diagnosed with carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). The nurse expects to see orders for which drug? a. Dapsone (Cubicin), a miscellaneous antibiotic b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a quinolone c. Linezolid (Zyvox), an oxazolidinone d. Colistimethate sodium (Coly-Mycin), a polypeptide antibiotic - correct answer ✅✅D pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs? a. Neuralgia b. Double vision c. Hypotension d. Tendonitis and tendon rupture - correct answer ✅✅D he nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient who is HIV- positive has been receiving medication therapy that includes zidovudine (Retrovir). However, the prescriber has decided to stop the zidovudine because of its dose-limiting adverse effect. Which of these conditions is the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine therapy? a. Retinitis b. Renal toxicity c. Hepatotoxicity d. Bone marrow suppression - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is administering intravenous acyclovir (Zovirax) to a patient with a viral infection. Which administration technique is correct? a. Infuse intravenous acyclovir slowly, over at least 1 hour. b. Infuse intravenous acyclovir by rapid bolus. c. Refrigerate intravenous acyclovir. d. Restrict oral fluids during intravenous acyclovir therapy. - correct answer ✅✅A A patient is receiving cidofovir (Vistide) as part of treatment for a viral infection, and the nurse is preparing to administer probenecid, which is also pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 ordered. Which is the rationale for administering probenecid along with the cidofovir treatment? a. Probenecid has a synergistic effect when given with cidofovir, thus making the antiviral medication more effective. b. The probenecid also prevents replication of the virus. c. Concurrent drug therapy with probenecid reduces the nephrotoxicity of the cidofovir. d. The probenecid reduces the adverse gastrointestinal effects of the cidofovir. - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is taking a combination of antiviral drugs as treatment for early stages of a viral infection. While discussing the drug therapy, the patient asks the nurse if the drugs will kill the virus. When answering, the nurse keeps in mind which fact about antiviral drugs? a. They are given for palliative reasons only. b. They will be effective as long as the patient is not exposed to the virus again. c. They can be given in large enough doses to eradicate the virus without harming the body's healthy cells. d. They may also kill healthy cells while killing viruses. - correct answer ✅✅D pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A young adult calls the clinic to ask for a prescription for "that new flu drug." He says he has had the flu for almost 4 days and just heard about a drug that can reduce the symptoms. What is the nurse's best response to his request? a. "Now that you've had the flu, you will need a booster vaccination, not the antiviral drug." b. "We will need to do a blood test to verify that you actually have the flu." c. "Drug therapy should be started within 2 days of symptom onset, not 4 days." d. "We'll get you a prescription. As long as you start treatment within the next 24 hours, the drug should be effective." - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is providing counseling to a woman who is HIV positive and has just discovered that she is pregnant. Which anti-HIV drug is given to HIV- infected pregnant women to prevent transmission of the virus to the infant? a. Acyclovir (Zovirax) b. Zidovudine (Retrovir) c. Ribavirin (Virazole) d. Foscarnet (Foscavir) - correct answer ✅✅B pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 d. Heart failure - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse will assess the patient for which potential contraindication to antitubercular therapy? a. Glaucoma b. Anemia c. Heart failure d. Hepatic impairment - correct answer ✅✅D When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity? a. Rifampin (Rifadin) b. Isoniazid (INH) c. Ethambutol (Myambutol) d. Streptomycin - correct answer ✅✅C pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient has been taking antitubercular therapy for 3 months. The nurse will assess for what findings that indicate a therapeutic response to the drug therapy? a. The chronic cough is gone. b. There are two consecutive negative purified protein derivative (PPD) results over 2 months. c. There is increased tolerance to the medication therapy, and there are fewer reports of adverse effects. d. There is a decrease in symptoms of tuberculosis along with improved chest x-rays and sputum cultures. - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is counseling a woman who will be starting rifampin (Rifadin) as part of antitubercular therapy. The patient is currently taking oral contraceptives. Which statement is true regarding rifampin therapy for this patient? a. Women have a high risk for thrombophlebitis while on this drug. b. A higher dose of rifampin will be necessary because of the contraceptive. c. Oral contraceptives are less effective while the patient is taking rifampin. d. The incidence of adverse effects is greater if the two drugs are taken together. - correct answer ✅✅C pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a patient who is taking isoniazid (INH). Which drug or drug class has a significant drug interaction with isoniazid? a. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) b. Penicillins c. Phenytoin (Dilantin) d. Benzodiazepines - correct answer ✅✅C A patient who has started drug therapy for tuberculosis wants to know how long he will be on the medications. Which response by the nurse is correct? a. "Drug therapy will last until the symptoms have stopped." b. "Drug therapy will continue until the tuberculosis develops resistance." c. "You should expect to take these drugs for as long as 24 months." d. "You will be on this drug therapy for the rest of your life." - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is preparing to administer morning medications to a patient who has been newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. The patient asks, "Why do I have to take so many different drugs?" Which response by the nurse is correct? pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 b. Reduce the infusion rate gradually until the adverse effects subside. c. Administer the medication by rapid IV infusion to reduce these effects. d. Nothing; these are expected side effects of this medication. - correct answer ✅✅A If a patient is taking fluconazole (Diflucan) with an oral anticoagulant, the nurse will monitor for which possible interaction? a. Reduced action of oral anticoagulants b. Increased effects of oral anticoagulants c. Hypokalemia d. Decreased effectiveness of the antifungal drug - correct answer ✅✅B The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Which intervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B? a. Discontinuing the infusion immediately if fever, chills, or nausea occur b. Gradually increasing the infusion rate until the expected adverse effects occur pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 c. If fever, chills, or nausea occur during the infusion, administering medications to treat the symptoms d. Before beginning the infusion, administering an antipyretic and an antiemetic drug - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is administering one of the lipid formulations of amphotericin B. When giving this drug, which concept is important to remember? a. The lipid formulations may be given in oral form. b. The doses are much lower than the doses of the older drugs. c. The lipid formulations are associated with fewer adverse effects than the older drugs. d. There is no difference in cost between the newer and older forms. - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is reviewing instructions for vaginal antifungal drugs with a patient. Which statement by the nurse is an appropriate instruction regarding these drugs? a. "The medication can be stopped when your symptoms are relieved." b. "Discontinue this medication if menstruation begins." c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 "Daily douching is part of the treatment for vaginal fungal infections." d. "Abstain from sexual intercourse until the treatment has been completed and the infection has resolved." - correct answer ✅✅D A patient is infected by invasive aspergillosis, and the medical history reveals that the patient has not been able to tolerate several antifungal drugs. The nurse anticipates an order for which medication to treat this infection? a. Fluconazole (Diflucan) b. Micafungin (Mycamine) c. Caspofungin (Cancidas) d. Nystatin (Mycostatin) - correct answer ✅✅C A patient with a severe fungal infection has orders for voriconazole (Vfend). The nurse is reviewing the patient's medical record and would be concerned if which assessment finding is noted? a. Decreased breath sounds in the lower lobes b. History of cardiac dysrhythmias c. History of type 2 diabetes d. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Administering premedication for fever and nausea g. Knowing that the intravenous solution for amphotericin B will be cloudy h. Knowing that muscle twitching may indicate hypokalemia - correct answer ✅✅B,D,E,F A patient who has a helminthic infection has a prescription for pyrantel (Antiminth). Which is one of the common adverse effects that the patient may experience while on this therapy? a. Vertigo b. Seizures c. Diarrhea d. Insomnia - correct answer ✅✅c A patient has an infestation with flukes. The nurse anticipates the use of which drug to treat this infestation? a. Praziquantel (Biltricide) b. Pyrantel (Pin-X) c. Metronidazole (Flagyl) pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 d. Ivermectin (Stromectol) - correct answer ✅✅A A patient who is being treated for malaria has started therapy with quinine and tetracycline. He asks the nurse why he is on an antibiotic when malaria is caused by a parasite. Which response by the nurse is correct? a. "The tetracycline prevents reinfection by the malarial parasite." b. "The antibiotic is combined with quinine to reduce the side effects of the quinine." c. "An antibacterial drug prevents the occurrence of superinfection during antimalarial therapy." d. "The two drugs are more effective against malaria when given together." - correct answer ✅✅D A woman is traveling to a country where she will be at high risk for malarial infection. What will the nurse teach her regarding prophylactic therapy with hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)? a. Hydroxychloroquine is better absorbed and has fewer adverse effects if taken on an empty stomach. b. The drug is started 3 weeks before exposure but can be discontinued once she leaves the area. c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 The medication is taken only when she observes mosquito bites because it can have toxic effects if taken unnecessarily. d. The drug is usually started 1 to 2 weeks before traveling to endemic areas and is continued for 4 weeks after leaving the area. - correct answer ✅✅D A patient with late-stage HIV infection also has Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The nurse anticipates treatment with which medication for this pneumonia? a. Ivermectin (Stromectol) b. Atovaquone (Mepron) c. Praziquantel (Biltricide) d. Metronidazole (Flagyl) - correct answer ✅✅B A patient with an intestinal infection that is positive for the Giardia lamblia organism will be taking an antiprotozoal drug. The nurse will include which information in the teaching plan for this patient? a. The urine may become dilute and pale during therapy. b. Taking the medications with food reduces gastrointestinal upset. c. The medications should be taken on an empty stomach. d. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Insomnia d. Dizziness e. Rash f. Headache - correct answer ✅✅A,D,E,F The nurse is reviewing the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which include which effect? a. Anxiolytic b. Sedative c. Antipyretic d. Antimicrobial - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is taking the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (Indocin) as treatment for pericarditis. The nurse will teach the patient to watch for which adverse effect? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Tachycardia b. Nervousness c. Nausea and vomiting d. Dizziness - correct answer ✅✅C A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol (Zyloprim) for 2 months. The nurse will monitor laboratory results for which therapeutic effect? a. Decreased uric acid levels b. Decreased prothrombin time c. Decreased white blood cell count d. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Which instruction will the nurse include during the teaching session? a. "Fluids should be restricted while on colchicine therapy." b. "Take colchicine with meals." c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 "The drug will be discontinued when symptoms are reduced." d. "Call your doctor if you have increased pain or blood in the urine." - correct answer ✅✅D A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children? a. Photosensitivity and nervousness b. Tinnitus and hearing loss c. Acute gastrointestinal bleeding d. Hyperventilation and drowsiness - correct answer ✅✅D A 6-year-old child who has chickenpox also has a fever of 102.9° F (39.4° C). The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "It's best to wait to see if the fever gets worse." b. "You can use the aspirin, but watch for worsening symptoms." c. "Acetaminophen (Tylenol) should be used to reduce his fever, not aspirin." d. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking a glucosamine-chondroitin supplement for arthritis. The nurse reviews the medication history and notes that there will be a concern for drug interactions if the patient is also taking medications for which disorder? a. Type 2 diabetes mellitus b. Hypothyroidism c. Hypertension d. Angina - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to treat tendonitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? (Select all that apply.) a. Vitamin K deficiency b. Arthralgia c. Peptic ulcer disease d. Neuropathy e. Pericarditis - correct answer ✅✅A,C pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A 75-year-old woman has been given a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (an NSAID for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID? (Select all that apply.) a. Antibiotics b. Decongestants c. Anticoagulants d. Beta blockers e. Diuretics f. Corticosteroids - correct answer ✅✅C,E,F When monitoring a patient's response to interferon therapy, the nurse notes that the major dose-limiting factor for interferon therapy is which condition? a. Diarrhea b. Fatigue c. Anxiety d. Nausea and vomiting - correct answer ✅✅B pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient asks about his cancer treatment with monoclonal antibodies. The nurse tells him that which is the major advantage of treating certain cancers with monoclonal antibodies? a. They will help the patient improve more quickly than will other antineoplastic drugs. b. They are more effective against metastatic tumors. c. Monoclonal antibodies target certain tumor cells and bypass normal cells. d. There are fewer incidences of opportunistic infections with monoclonal antibodies. - correct answer ✅✅C During a patient's therapy with interleukins, the nurse monitors the patient for capillary leak syndrome. Which assessment finding, if present, would indicate this problem? a. Bradycardia b. A dry cough c. Bruising on the skin d. A sudden, 15-pound weight gain - correct answer ✅✅D pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Giving the medication with meals b. Monitoring daily weights c. Limiting fluids while the patient is taking this medication d. Rotating sites if administered subcutaneously - correct answer ✅✅D Abatacept (Orencia) is prescribed for a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse checks the patient's medical history, knowing that this medication would need to be used cautiously if which condition is present? a. Coronary artery disease b. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease c. Diabetes mellitus d. Hypertension - correct answer ✅✅B Aldesleukin [IL-2] (Proleukin) is prescribed for a patient. The nurse reviews the patient's medication list and would note a potential drug interaction if which drug class is also ordered? a. Anticoagulants b. Antiepileptic drugs pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 c. Oral hypoglycemic drugs d. Antihypertensive drugs - correct answer ✅✅D During therapy with hematopoietic drugs, the nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) a. Hypotension b. Edema c. Diarrhea d. Black, tarry stools e. Nausea and vomiting f. Headache - correct answer ✅✅B,C,E,F A patient must be treated immediately for acute organ transplant rejection. The nurse anticipates that muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) will be ordered. What is the priority assessment before beginning drug therapy with muromonab-CD3? a. Serum potassium level b. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Fluid volume status c. Electrocardiogram d. Blood glucose level - correct answer ✅✅B A patient is about to undergo a kidney transplant. She will be given an immunosuppressant drug before, during, and after surgery to minimize organ rejection. During the preoperative teaching session, which information will the nurse include about the medication therapy? a. Several days before the surgery, the medication will be administered orally. b. The oral doses need to be taken 1 hour before meals to maximize absorption. c. Mix the oral liquid with juice in a disposable Styrofoam cup just before administration. d. Intramuscular injections of the medication will be needed for several days preceding surgery. - correct answer ✅✅A A patient has an order for cyclosporine (Sandimmune). The nurse finds that cyclosporine-modified (Neoral) is available in the automated medication cabinet. Which action by the nurse is correct? a. Hold the dose until the prescriber makes rounds. b. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient with multiple sclerosis will be starting therapy with an immunosuppressant drug. The nurse expects that which drug will be used? a. Azathioprine (Imuran) b. Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) c. Daclizumab (Zenapax) d. Sirolimus (Rapamune) - correct answer ✅✅B Cyclosporine is prescribed for a patient who had an organ transplant. The nurse will monitor the patient for which common adverse effect? a. Nausea and vomiting b. Fever and tremors c. Agitation d. Hypertension - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse follows which procedures when giving intravenous (IV) cyclosporine? (Select all that apply.) a. Administering it as a single IV bolus injection to minimize adverse effects b. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Using an infusion pump to administer this medication c. Monitoring the patient for potential delayed adverse effects, which may be severe d. Monitoring the patient closely for the first 30 minutes for severe adverse effects e. Checking blood levels periodically during cyclosporine therapy f. Performing frequent oral care during therapy - correct answer ✅✅B,D,E,F A patient has started azathioprine (Imuran) therapy as part of renal transplant surgery. The nurse will monitor for which expected adverse effect of azathioprine therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Tremors b. Leukopenia c. Diarrhea d. Thrombocytopenia e. Hepatotoxicity f. Fluid retention - correct answer ✅✅B,D,E pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Two patients arrive at the clinic; one is a young boy with sickle cell anemia, and another is a 57-year-old woman with early stages of Hodgkin's disease. The nurse notices that both patients need the same vaccine. What vaccine would that be? a. Varicella virus vaccine (Varivax) b. Herpes zoster vaccine (Zostavax) c. Hepatitis B virus vaccine, inactivated (Recombivax HB) d. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is reviewing principles of immunization. What type of immunization occurs when antibodies pass from mother to infant during breastfeeding or through the placenta during pregnancy? a. Artificial active immunization b. Attenuating immunization c. Natural passive immunization d. Artificial passive immunization - correct answer ✅✅C A 45-year-old man has received a series of immunizing drugs in preparation for a trip to a developing country. Within hours, his wife brings him to the pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Live vaccine b. Antivenins or antisera c. Tetanus immune globulin d. Active immunizing drug - correct answer ✅✅B A 30-year-old woman is in the clinic for her yearly gynecologic exam and asks the nurse about the "new vaccine that prevents HPV." She wants to receive the papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil). Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "For women, the recommended age for this vaccine is 13 to 26 years of age." b. "We will need to make sure you are not pregnant first." c. "There will be a total of three injections." d. "I will check with your health care provider and then get the first dose of the vaccine ready." - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse is reviewing the health history of a new patient who may need immunizations. Active immunizations are usually contraindicated in which patients? (Select all that apply.) a. Patients with a febrile illness b. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Children younger than 1 year of age c. Elderly patients d. Patients who are immunosuppressed e. Those receiving cancer chemotherapy - correct answer ✅✅A,D,E The nurse is reviewing the information about the herpes zoster vaccine (Zostavax) before administering the dose. Which statements about the vaccine are true? (Select all that apply.) a. It is a one-time vaccine. b. The vaccine is recommended for patients 50 years of age and older. c. The vaccine is given to children to prevent chickenpox. d. It is used to prevent postherpetic neuralgia. e. It is contraindicated in patients who have already had shingles. f. The vaccine is used to prevent reactivation of the zoster virus that causes shingles. - correct answer ✅✅A,B,F A patient was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer last month, and has complained of a dull ache in the abdomen for the past 4 months. This pain pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 has been gradually increasing, and the pain relievers taken at home are no longer effective. What type of pain is the patient experiencing? a. Acute pain b. Chronic pain c. Somatic pain d. Neuropathic pain - correct answer ✅✅B An 18-year-old basketball player fell and twisted his ankle during a game. The nurse will expect to administer which type of analgesic? a. Synthetic opioid, such as meperidine (Demerol) b. Opium alkaloid, such as morphine sulfate c. Opioid antagonist, such as naloxone HCL (Narcan) d. Nonopioid analgesic, such as indomethacin (Indocin) - correct answer ✅✅D A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe pain around his incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Central nervous system depression c. Hepatic necrosis d. Nephropathy - correct answer ✅✅C A 57-year-old woman being treated for end-stage breast cancer has been using a transdermal opioid analgesic as part of the management of pain. Lately, she has been experiencing breakthrough pain. The nurse expects this type of pain to be managed by which of these interventions? a. Administering NSAIDs b. Administering an immediate-release opioid c. Changing the opioid route to the rectal route d. Making no changes to the current therapy - correct answer ✅✅B The nurse is reviewing herbal therapies. Which is a common use of the herb feverfew? a. Muscle aches b. Migraine headaches c. Leg cramps pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 d. Incision pain after surgery - correct answer ✅✅B A patient is to receive acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) as part of the treatment for an acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when giving this medication? a. Giving the medication undiluted for full effect b. Avoiding the use of a straw when giving this medication c. Disguising the flavor with soda or flavored water d. Preparing to give this medication via a nebulizer - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is receiving gabapentin (Neurontin), an anticonvulsant, but has no history of seizures. The nurse expects that the patient is receiving this drug for which condition? a. Inflammation pain b. Pain associated with peripheral neuropathy c. Depression associated with chronic pain d. Prevention of seizures - correct answer ✅✅B pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 The nurse is assessing a patient who has been admitted to the emergency department for a possible opioid overdose. Which assessment finding is characteristic of an opioid drug overdose? a. Dilated pupils b. Restlessness c. Respiration rate of 6 breaths/min d. Heart rate of 55 beats/min - correct answer ✅✅C The drug nalbuphine (Nubain) is an agonist-antagonist (partial agonist). The nurse understands that which is a characteristic of partial agonists? a. They have anti-inflammatory effects. b. They are given to reverse the effects of opiates. c. They have a higher potency than agonists. d. They have a lower dependency potential than agonists. - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is assessing a patient for contraindications to drug therapy with acetaminophen (Tylenol). Which patient should not receive acetaminophen? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 During a fishing trip, a patient pierced his finger with a large fishhook. He is now in the emergency department to have it removed. The nurse anticipates that which type of anesthesia will be used for this procedure? a. No anesthesia b. Topical benzocaine spray on the area c. Topical prilocaine (EMLA) cream around the site d. Infiltration of the puncture wound with lidocaine - correct answer ✅✅D While monitoring a patient who had surgery under general anesthesia 2 hours ago, the nurse notes a sudden elevation in body temperature. This finding may be an indication of which problem? a. Tachyphylaxis b. Postoperative infection c. Malignant hypertension d. Malignant hyperthermia - correct answer ✅✅D When assessing patients in the preoperative area, the nurse knows that which patient is at a higher risk for an altered response to anesthesia? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 The 21-year-old patient who has never had surgery before b. The 35-year-old patient who stopped smoking 8 years ago c. The 40-year-old patient who is to have a kidney stone removed d. The 82-year-old patient who is to have gallbladder removal - correct answer ✅✅D A patient is undergoing abdominal surgery and has been anesthetized for 3 hours. Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this patient? a. Anxiety related to the use of an anesthetic b. Risk for injury related to increased sensorium from general anesthesia c. Decreased cardiac output related to systemic effects of local anesthesia d. Impaired gas exchange related to central nervous system depression produced by general anesthesia - correct answer ✅✅D When administering a neuromuscular blocking drug, the nurse needs to remember which principle? a. It is used instead of general anesthesia during surgery. b. Only skeletal muscles are paralyzed; respiratory muscles remain functional. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 c. It causes sedation and pain relief while allowing for lower doses of anesthetics. d. Artificial mechanical ventilation is required because of paralyzed respiratory muscles. - correct answer ✅✅D A patient is being prepared for an oral endoscopy, and the nurse anesthetist reminds him that he will be awake during the procedure but probably will not remember it. What type of anesthetic technique is used in this situation? a. Local anesthesia b. Moderate sedation c. Topical anesthesia d. Spinal anesthesia - correct answer ✅✅B During the immediate postoperative period, the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse is assessing a patient who had hip surgery. The patient is experiencing tachycardia, tachypnea, and muscle rigidity, and his temperature is 103° F (39.4° C). The nurse will prepare for what immediate treatment? a. Naltrexone hydrochloride (Narcan) injection, an opioid reversal drug b. Dantrolene (Dantrium) injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 a. Volume restoration b. Increased cardiac output c. Decreased urine output d. Reduced anxiety - correct answer ✅✅B The nurse is administering a stat dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is appropriate for which situation? a. Severe hypertension b. Angina c. Cardiac arrest d. Tachycardia - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is on a low-dose dobutamine drip for heart failure. She had been feeling better but now has a sense of tightness in her chest, palpitations, and a bit of anxiety. Her heart rate is up to 110 per minute, and her blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg (increased from previous readings of 86 per minute and 120/80 mm Hg). What is the nurse's immediate concern for this patient? a. She is experiencing normal adverse effects of dobutamine therapy. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 b. She may be experiencing an allergic reaction to the dobutamine. c. The medication may be causing a worsening of a pre-existing cardiac disorder. d. The dosage of the dobutamine needs to be increased to control the symptoms better. - correct answer ✅✅C A 14-year-old patient has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months. Two weeks ago, she was given salmeterol as part of her medication regimen. However, her mother has called the clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is having an asthma attack. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. "It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop." b. "She is too young for this particular medication; it will be changed." c. "She needs to take up to two puffs every 4 hours to ensure adequate blood levels." d. "This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute symptoms." - correct answer ✅✅D A hospitalized patient is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to a dose of intravenous penicillin. Which drug will the nurse expect to use to treat this condition? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Ephedra b. Epinephrine c. Phenylephrine d. Pseudoephedrine - correct answer ✅✅B The nurse recognizes that adrenergic drugs cause relaxation of the bronchi and bronchodilation by stimulating which type of receptors? a. Dopaminergic b. Beta1 adrenergic c. Beta2 adrenergic d. Alpha1 adrenergic - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is preparing to administer dopamine. Which is the correct technique for administering dopamine? a. Orally b. Intravenous (IV) push injection c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Lack of rebound congestion d. Shorter duration - correct answer ✅✅C A patient is taking guaifenesin (Humibid) as part of treatment for a sinus infection. Which instruction will the nurse include during patient teaching? a. Force fluids to help loosen and liquefy secretions. b. Report clear-colored sputum to the prescriber. c. Avoid driving a car or operating heavy machinery because of the sedating effects. d. Report symptoms that last longer than 2 days. - correct answer ✅✅A The nurse will instruct patients about a possible systemic effect that may occur if excessive amounts of topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestants are used. Which systemic effect may occur? a. Heartburn b. Bradycardia c. Drowsiness d. Palpitations - correct answer ✅✅D pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing excessive, thick mucus from the respiratory tract. The nurse expects that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal of mucus? a. Guaifenesin (Humibid) b. Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles) c. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) d. Dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM) - correct answer ✅✅A A patient has been advised to add a nasal spray (an adrenergic decongestant) to treat a cold. The nurse will include which instruction? a. "You won't see effects for at least 1 week." b. "Limit use of this spray to 3 to 5 days." c. "Continue the spray until nasal stuffiness has resolved." d. "Avoid use of this spray if a fever develops." - correct answer ✅✅B A patient asks the nurse about the uses of echinacea. Which use will the nurse include in the response? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 Memory enhancement b. Boosting the immune system c. Improving mood d. Promoting relaxation - correct answer ✅✅B When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include which instructions? (Select all that apply.) a. "Antihistamines are generally safe to take with over-the-counter medications." b. "Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption of the drug." c. "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress." d. "Drink extra fluids if possible." e. "Antihistamines may cause restlessness and disturbed sleep." f. "Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are tolerated." - correct answer ✅✅C,D,F pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 a. The proper technique for inhalation must be followed. b. The patient needs to keep it close by at all times to treat acute asthma attacks. c. It needs to be taken every day on a continuous schedule, even if symptoms improve. d. When the asthma symptoms improve, the dosage schedule can be tapered and eventually discontinued. - correct answer ✅✅C After receiving a nebulizer treatment with a beta agonist, the patient complains of feeling slightly nervous and wonders if her asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best response? a. "This is an expected adverse effect. Let me take your pulse." b. "The next scheduled nebulizer treatment will be skipped." c. "I will notify the physician about this adverse effect." d. "We will hold the treatment for 24 hours." - correct answer ✅✅A A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator, and the other is a corticosteroid. Which instruction regarding these inhalers will the nurse give to the patient? a. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 "Take the corticosteroid inhaler first." b. "Take the bronchodilator inhaler first." c. "Take these two drugs at least 2 hours apart." d. "It does not matter which inhaler you use first." - correct answer ✅✅B When educating a patient recently placed on inhaled corticosteroids, the nurse will discuss which potential adverse effects? a. Fatigue and depression b. Anxiety and palpitations c. Headache and rapid heart rate d. Oral candidiasis and dry mouth - correct answer ✅✅D The nurse is monitoring drug levels for a patient who is receiving theophylline. The most recent theophylline level was 22 mcg/mL, and the nurse evaluates this level to be: a. below the therapeutic level. b. at a therapeutic level. c. pharm exam 2 test bank A+ Answers 2024-2025 above the therapeutic level. d. at a toxic level. - correct answer ✅✅C When evaluating a patient's use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), the nurse notes that the patient is unable to coordinate the activation of the inhaler with her breathing. What intervention is most appropriate at this time? a. Notify the doctor that the patient is unable to use the MDI. b. Obtain an order for a peak flow meter. c. Obtain an order for a spacer device. d. Ask the prescriber if the medication can be given orally. - correct answer ✅✅C The nurse is providing instructions about the Advair inhaler (fluticasone propionate and salmeterol). Which statement about this inhaler is accurate? a. It is indicated for the treatment of acute bronchospasms. b. It needs to be used with a spacer for best results. c. Patients need to avoid drinking water for 1 hour after taking this drug. d. It is used for the prevention of bronchospasms. - correct answer ✅✅D