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Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers: A Comprehensive Guide for Students, Exams of Medicine

A comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions and answers covering various aspects of pharmacology. It is designed to help students prepare for exams and gain a deeper understanding of key concepts in medication administration, drug interactions, and patient safety. The questions cover a wide range of topics, including medication preparation, administration routes, dosage calculations, and common medication errors. Particularly useful for nursing students and healthcare professionals who are preparing for exams or seeking to enhance their knowledge of pharmacology.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/17/2025

Davieacademia
Davieacademia 🇺🇸

308 documents

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PHARMACOLOGY EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL

EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT

DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

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  1. Nurse is preparing med. For a pt when another pt has an emergency. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?: - lock meds in a room & finish preparing it after returning from the emergency (no on else should have access to or administer meds another nurse prepped)

  2. Nurse is preparing to administer penicillin im to an adult pt. Which of the following should the nurse use for injection into the pt's ventrogluteal muscle?: - 90 degrees

  3. Before administering meds to a pt, the nurse must identify the pt. What methods of identification should the nurse use?: - ask the pt's full name & dob

    1. Nurse is administering nasal decongestant drops for a pt. What action should the nurse take?: - tell the pt to blow their nose gently before the installation (helps remove any secretions or crusts that could interfere w distribution/absorption of med)
    2. Nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 30 mg im stat to pt who is having allergic reaction. Available is diphenhydramine 50 mg/1 ml. How many ml should the nurse administer?: 0.6 ml
    3. Nurse is preparing to administer pre-packaged oral meds to a pt & complete the final med check. At which of the following times or places should the nurse perform this final check?: - pt's bedside before administration
  1. Nurse arrives for her shift & is preparing to count controlled substances in the secure cabinet. What action should the nurse take?: - verify that the amts of each med counted matches the amts on inventory record
  2. Nurse is administering oral med to an older adult pt. The pt states "the pill i always take is green, i don't take an orange pill." what response should the nurse make?: - "i will check your medication order again"
  3. Nurse is reinforcing teaching w a pt abt using transdermal patches at home. What statement should the nurse identify as an indication that the pt understands the teachning?: - "i will clean & dry the area before applying the patch"
  4. Nurse in the ed is preparing to administer naloxone 0.4 mg iv bolus to a pt w opioid-induced respiratory depression. Available is naloxone injection 0.2 mg/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer per dose?: - 2 ml
  5. Nurse is preparing to administer 10 units of regular insulin & 20 units of nph insulin to pt who has diabetes mellitus. When mixing 2 types of insulin, what action should the nurse take first?: - inject 20 units of air into the nph insulin vial 12 nurse is preparing to administer ophthalmic solution to a pt. What action should the nurse take first/: - hold the ophthalmic solution 2 cm (3/4 in) above lower conjunctival sac
  6. Nurse is preparing to administer hepatitis b vaccine to a pt. What technique should the nurse use to locate the deltoid muscle?: - place 1 finger across acromion process & measure 2 finger lengths below to midpoint & center of lateral aspect of upper arm
  1. Nurse is preparing to administer 3 liquid meds to pt who has an ng feed tube w continuous enteral feedings. What action should the nurse take?: - flush ng feed tube w 30 ml water immediately following med administration (should flush w 15-60 ml of sterile water following med administration to ensure feed tube is clear of meds)
  2. Nurse is preparing to administer gabapentin 900 mg po once daily for a pt w neuropathic pain. The amt available is gabapentin 300 mg/capsule. How many capsules should the nurse administer per dose?: - 3 capsules
  3. Nurse finds an open vial of morphine lying on top of cabinet in pt's room. What action should the nurse take?: - report the discrepancy immediately (med is controlled substance, nurse should remove med from pt's bedside & report the incident. Then can dispose of it w another nurse witnessing the discard)
  4. Nurse is preparing to insert iv catheter for a pt & has selected the insertion site. Place steps in order in which the nurse should perform them: - cleanse site w antiseptic swab
  • Apply tourniquet or bp cuff
  • Dilate vein
  • Insert catheter
  • Flush catheter
  1. Nurse is teaching the parents of a kid who is to start using a metered- dose inhaler (mdi) to treat asthma. What info should the nurse include in the teaching?: - the spacer increases the amt of med delivered to the lungs
  2. Nurse is providing discharge teaching to a pt that has a new prescription for a metered dose inhaler (mdi). What instructions should the nurse include w the teaching?: - shake inhaler for 3-5 seconds (to make sure the med is mixed thoroughly) 20 what part of pressurized metered-dose inhaler or device is used to improve drug absorption in a pt's airway?: spacer (10-20 cm, 4-8 in tube attaches to inhaler & allows med particles to slow down & separate in smaller pieces)
  3. Nurse explains steps for administering a squeeze & breathe metered dose inhaler mdi w/out a spacer to a pt. Arrange the steps in order: - insert mdi canister into the holder
  • Remove mouthpiece cover from inhaler
  • Shake inhaler vigorously 5-6x
  • Sit up, take a deep breath & exhale
  • Tilt head back slightly & inhale slowly & deeply thru the mouth
  • Remove mdi from mouth & exhale thru pursed lips
  1. Which route of drug administration may provide rapid relief to the pt w difficulty breathing?: - inhalation
  1. What action made by the pt indicates need for correction regarding self- administering meds thru a metered-dose inhaler using a spacer?: - covering small exhalation slots w the lips (stops sir from moving out inhaler)
  2. What statement made by the nursing student indicates the need for further teaching regarding use of spacers for inhalers?: - breath-actuated metered-dose inhalers require the use of spacers (breath-actuated mdis & dry powder inhalers do not needspacers)
  3. What action made by the pt indicates need for correction when using breath-actuated inhalers?: - shaking the inhaler vigorously (should not be shaken)
  4. Pt is using a breath-activated mdi. What action made by the pt ensures full med distribution?: - holding breath for 5-10 seconds during inhalation
  5. What statements made by the nursing student indicates need for correction regarding different inhalers?: - all dry powder inhalers are unit-dosed inhalers
  • dry powder inhalers are recommended for pts who have difficulty using pressurized Mdis 28 what type of inhaler requires less manual dexterity/: - dry powder inhaler (device activated w pt's breath, no need to coordinate puffs w inhalation)
  1. What statement is true regarding dry powder inhalers dpis?: - dpis can be activated by pt's breath
  • Dpis clump if pt is in humid climate
  • Dpis create aerosol when pt inhales
  1. What statement abt dry powder inhalers needs correction?: - all dry powder inhalers require pt's to load single dose of medication into inhaler w each use (some hold enough medication for 1 month)
  2. While teaching a pt abt metered- dose inhalers the nurse discusses the 3 point position. What statement describes the rationale for this nursing intervention?: - to help pt activate the canister (3-point technique involves holding thumb @ mouthpiece, w index & middle fingers at the top)
  3. Nurse instructs pt to rinse their mouth w water after using corticosteroid inhaler. What statement describes the rationale for this instruction?: - prevents fungal infection
  4. Nursing student determines whether the pt'd mdi is empty. What method of determination is accurate?: - dividing # of doses in container by # of doses pt takes per day
  5. Arrange steps in administering breath-activated metered-dose inhaler in sequential order: - remove cover from mouthpiece
  • Hold inhaler upright & turn wheel to right & then left till click is heard
  • Load medication pellet
  • Exhale away from inhaler before inhalation
  • Position mouthpiece b/t lips
  • Inhale deeply & forcefully thru mouth
  1. What instruction given by nurse is appropriate if a pressurized mdi was given to the pt?: - apply approx. 5-10 pounds of pressure to top of canister to administer the medication 36 what info would the nurse include abt inhalation maintenance medication?:
  • effects of maintenance medication last for a long time (maintenance meds prevent acute respiratory distress)
  1. Whats true regarding topical routes of med administration?: - it primarily gives local effects
  • It's a painless route of administration
  • Pt's w skin abrasions are at risk of systemic effect
  1. What statements are accurate regarding steps involved in administering medications topically?: - medications are absorbed thru skin slowly
  • An advantage of this route is limited side effects
  • Topical medications generally have local effects
  • Topical med can be inserted into a body cavity
  • Applications are left in place for 12 hrs to 7 days
  • Systemic effects can occur if pt's skin is thin
  1. Idiosyncratic rx: - over/under rx to med that's different than expected
  2. Atc: around the clock
  3. Cpoe: computerized physician order entry
  4. What's the federal agency that tests medications to make sure they're safe?: fda (food & drug agency)
  5. What governs narcotic storage, distribution & administration?: - controlled substances act
  6. What are 2 organizations concerned w reducing medication errors?: - ismp, tjc
  7. How are drugs classified?: - effect on body systems, symptoms it relieves, desired effects