Pharmacology I Study Guide – Exam 1, Exams of Nursing

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NR-291 Pharmacology I Study Guide – Exam 1 60 Questions – Multiple Choice, Select All That Apply, Multiple Sequence Instructions: The contents on this guide are intended to help you organize your preparation. This is NOT intended to serve as a direct reflection of the exact questions which will be presented in the exam. It is imperative to know the classification of each medication noted and understand the general indications of the class. In addition, as you review the classifications and drug profiles listed below, be sure that you:

1. Know the indications
2. Understand the action
3. Understand the therapeutic (beneficial effects)
4. Know the therapeutic dose
5. Know key adverse reactions/side effects
6. Know drug-drug interactions
7. Know drug-food interactions
8. Know the contraindications/Precautions
9. Know therapeutic drug levels if indicated 10.Know onset, peak, duration and half-life
10. Know Patient/family teaching 12.Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy 13.Know the antidote Chapter 1: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
    • (^) Know and apply the phases of the nursing process to drug therapy o (^) Opioid ▪ Assessment – VS, pain on scale ▪ Dx – impaired comfort ▪ Planning – pt will have reduced pain… ▪ Intervention – giving medication ▪ Evaluation – assessing effectiveness of medication (pain scale now)
    • (^) Know and apply the rights of medication administration o (^) Right: patient, dose, route, reason, drug, time, documentation, to refuse Chapter 2: Pharmacological Principles
    • (^) Know and apply the First Pass Affect i.e. what routes are affected o (^) Effected

▪ PO

o (^) Not effected ▪ IV ▪ Topical ▪ IM ▪ ID ▪ Sublingual

• (^) Know and apply Drug Half Life o (^) The time it takes for half of the amount of the medication to be removed from the body
• (^) Know Duration of Action o (^) Total amount of time of the therapeutic effect
• (^) Know and apply routes of administration
• (^) Know and apply pharmakinetic phases
• (^) Know the drug absorption rates of various preparations o (^) Bioavailability
• (^) Know nursing considerations of transdermal patch administration o (^) Take old patch off first o (^) Don’t put over hair o (^) Wear gloves
• (^) Know and apply pharmaceutics o (^) Metabolism ▪ Liver ▪ What effects the metabolism of drugs? o (^) Excretion ▪ Kidneys Chapter 3: Lifespan considerations
• (^) Know and apply pregnancy safety categories o (^) A, B, C, D, X
• (^) Understand principles of drug administration during pregnancy, breast feeding, neonates, and pediatric patients and in the elderly. Understand the considerations for each aggregate. Chapter 4: Cultural, Legal and Ethical Considerations
• (^) Understand and apply the need for a controlled substance laws Chapter 5: Medication Errors Preventing and Responding

• (^) Use of trailing zeros in medication errors
• (^) Methods to prevent medication errors o (^) 2 identifiers of pt o (^) Right med, right pt
• (^) Polypharmacy Chapter 6: Patient Education and Drug Therapy
• (^) Teaching patients medication administration
• (^) Validating learning has occurred o (^) Return demonstration Chapter 7: Over-the-Counter Drugs and Herbal and Dietary Supplements
• (^) Know criteria for over-the-counter drugs o (^) Low ability to be abused o (^) Pt has to be able to easily diagnose condition o (^) High potential for therapeutic action o (^) Short term use
• (^) Legend drug definition o (^) Prescriptions Chapter 38: Antibiotics Part 1
• (^) Beta-Lactam Antibiotics o (^) Cephalosporins: 5, ▪ Adverse RxN/ Side Fx ▪ Contraindications/Precautions o (^) Penicillin: 6 ▪ Drug-Drug Int
• (^) Tetracycline: 2,5,6,7,8,11, o (^) Action o (^) Adverse RxN/ Side Fx o (^) Drug-Drug Int o (^) Drug-Food Int o (^) Contraindications/Precautions o (^) Pt/Family teaching o (^) Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy
• (^) Therapeutic response of antibiotic therapy
• (^) Gram positive versus gram negative antibiotic therapy
• (^) Know types and signs/symptoms of superinfections caused by antibiotic therapy

• (^) Know prophylactic antibiotic therapy
• (^) Implementation of antibiotic therapy
• (^) Signs and symptoms of allergic (hypersensitivity) reaction
• (^) Antiseptic o (^) Betadine: 8 ▪ Contraindications/Precautions Chapter 39: Antibiotics Part 2
• (^) Miscellaneous Antibiotics (anti-infective) ▪ Vancomycin: 1,
• (^) Action
• (^) Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy
• (^) Aminoglycosides: 5 ▪ Adverse RxN/ Side Fx
• (^) Quinolones: 5 ▪ Adverse RxN/ Side Fx Chapter 40: Antiviral Drugs
• (^) Principles of virology
• (^) Antivirals: 8 o (^) Contraindications/Precautions o (^) Acyclovir: 12, ▪ Know Patient/family teaching ▪ Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy Chapter 42: Antifungal Drugs
• (^) Nystatin o (^) Mycostatin oral lozenge: 12 ▪ Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy o (^) Amphotericin B: 1,2,5, ▪ Know the indications ▪ Understand the action ▪ Adverse RxN/Side Fx ▪ Contraindications/Precautions

Chapter 43: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, and Antihelmintic Drugs

• (^) Antimalarial Therapy: 5 ▪ Adverse RxN/Side Fx o (^) Rationale for combination therapy
• (^) Antiprotozoal Drugs: 5,11, o (^) Adverse RxN/Side Fx o (^) Know Patient/family teaching o (^) Apply nursing management including: assessment prior to administration, implementation (administration) and evaluation (therapeutic effect) of drug therapy
• (^) Antihelmintic Drugs: 1, o (^) Indications o (^) Action