Pharmacology Midterm Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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A Nurse Practitioner who provides care for older adults is aware of the high incidence of drug interactions in this population. When educating a group of seniors about the prevention of drug interactions, the Nurse Practitioner should encourage them to Selecte d Answer: consult their care provider before taking new over-the- counter medications.

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2 0 out of 1

points A 46-year-old white American has been prescribed a drug that binds to acid glycoproteins. The nurse understands that white Americans usually receive Selecte d Answer : a lower-than-normal dose of drugs that bind to acid glycoproteins.

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3 1 out of 1

points A patient with a recent diagnosis of acute renal failure has a long- standing seizure disorder which has been successfully controlled for several years with antiseizure medications. The nurse should recognize that the patient's compromised renal function will likely Selecte d Answer : increase the half-life of medications that are metabolized by the kidneys.

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4 0 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is providing patient education to a 35-year-old man who has been prescribed clonidine (Catapres) as part of step 2 antihypertensive therapy. The Nurse Practitioner should anticipate that the drug will be administered Selecte d Answer : orally .

• Question 5

0 out of 1 points A patient has been prescribed a histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist for the treatment of GERD. Why are H2RAs more effective than H1 receptor antagonists in the treatment of diseases of the upper GI tract? Selecte d Answer : H2RAs have a longer duration of action and fewer adverse effects than H1RAs.

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6 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a female patient who has developed atelectasis because of thick mucus secretions. The Nurse Practitioner is monitoring IV administration of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) and notices that the patient's face is flushed. The appropriate nursing action would be to

and verapamil to control her health problem. Verapamil achieves a therapeutic effect by Selecte d Answer : inhibiting the movement of calcium ions across the cardiac muscle cell membrane.

• Question

11 0 out of 1

points A patient has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first- pass effect. Which of the following measures has the potential to increase the amount of the free drug that is available to body cells? Selecte d Answer : Giving the drug with food in order to delay absorption

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12 0 out of 1

points To maximize the therapeutic effect of diphenoxylate HCl with atropine sulfate, the nurse will instruct the patient to take the medication Selecte d Answer : once a day.

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13 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner who provides care in a long-term care facility is documenting a new resident's medication regimen on the resident's intake admission. The Nurse Practitioner is documenting the generic, rather than proprietary, names of the resident's current drugs because Selecte d Answer : there is a potential for confusion and miscommunication if proprietary names are used.

• Question

14 1 out of 1

points Following an endoscopy, a 66-year-old man has been diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection. Which of the following medications will likely be used in an attempt to eradicate the patient's H. pylori infection? (Select all that apply.) Selecte d Answer s: Antibiotics A PPI

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15 1 out of 1

points A 56-year-old female patient has been admitted to the hospital with chronic muscle spasms and has been prescribed a new medication to treat the spasms. She has a poorly documented allergy to eggs, synthetic clothes, and perfumes. What is the priority action of the nurse to ensure that prescribed medication does not experience an allergic reaction? Selecte d Answer:

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17 1 out of 1

points Mr. Tan is a 69-year-old man who prides himself in maintaining an active lifestyle and a healthy diet that includes adequate fluid intake. However, Mr. Tan states that he has experienced occasional constipation in recent months. What remedy should be the nurse's first suggestion? Selecte d Answer : A bulk-forming (fiber) laxative

• Question

18 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is a member of a research team that is exploring unique differences in responses to drugs that each individual possesses, based on genetic make-up. This area of study is called Selecte d Answer : pharmacogeno m ics.

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19 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 61-year-old man who has had a severe attack of gout while in the hospital for food poisoning. The Nurse Practitioner administers colchicine intravenously in order to Selecte d Answer : avoid aggravating the gastrointestinal tract.

• Question

20 1 out of 1

points A 45-year-old man who is a construction worker has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and has been prescribed lovastatin. The nurse will advise the patient to Selecte d Answer : avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight.

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21 1 out of 1

points A home health Nurse Practitioner is performing a home visit to an elderly client who has early-stage dementia. The Nurse Practitioner observes that some of the client's pill bottles are empty, even though the client is not due for refills for 2 weeks. What nursing diagnosis should the Nurse Practitioner prioritize when planning this client's care? Selecte d Answer : Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management

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22 1 out of 1

points

The Nurse Practitioner is prescribing Salmeterol (Serevent) inhaler for a patient with asthma. What instructions would be correct to provide the patient? Selecte d Answer : "This is a long acting medication for your asthma and should be used once every 12 hours"

• Question

27 1 out of 1

points A patient has GERD and is taking ranitidine (Zantac). She continues to have gastric discomfort and asks whether she can take an antacid. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? Selected "Yes, but be sure to wait at least 2 hours to take the antacid

Answer: after you take the ranitidine."

• Question 28

1 out of 1 points A patient is being treated for respiratory infection. He is a recovering alcoholic and has impaired liver function. The nurse will instruct the patient to be especially cautious when taking Selecte d Answer : an elixir.

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29 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner who provides care in a busy clinic is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the consequent need for antihyperlipidemics in many patients. Treatment of high cholesterol using statins would be contraindicated in which of the following patients? Selecte d Answer : An obese male client who is a heavy alcohol user and who has cirrhosis of the liver

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30 0 out of 1

points The Nurse Practitioner is treating a patient that takes frequent doses of antacids for his heartburn and is also taking an enteric coded aspirin. What instructions should be provided to the patient? Selecte d Answer : The aspirin is less effective when taken with an antacid so you need to increase the dose.

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31 0 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a patient in the administration of regular insulin by the subcutaneous route. Which of the following strategies would the Nurse Practitioner suggest if the goal is to promote absorption of the regular insulin? Selecte d Answer : Rotate injection sites by using the arm one day, the stomach the next day, and the thigh the day after and then repeating the cycle.

drug, one common adverse effect that can be severe is Selecte d Answer : headache.

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34 0 out of 1

points Topical inhaled alpha adrenergic blocking agents or nasal vasoconstricting decongestants should not be used chronically (>5 days) because they can cause Selecte d Answer: reboun d coughin g

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35 1 out of 1

points The nurse practitioner orders Amoxicillin 500 mg tid? What is the total amount of medication patient will take per day? Selecte d Answer :

mg

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36 1 out of 1

points A female patient has been taking zafirlukast for a week and is experiencing diarrhea. The nurse should instruct her to do which of the following? Selecte d Answer : Drink plenty of fluids

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37 0 out of 1

points The APRN is treating a patient with type 2 diabetes. The patient is on the maximum dose of metformin and glucotrol. Current weight 212 pounds. Labs from this morning indicate a fasting blood sugar of 312 and HbA1C of 9. The APRN wants to start the patient on Lantus 0.2 unit/kg. What dose and instructions

should the APRN provide? Selecte d Answer : Give 24 units of Lantus subcutaneously prior to dinner

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38 0 out of 1

points A patient comes to primary clinic for strep throat. A throat swab culture is sent to lab. What information is required for the nurse practitioner to disclose on lab transmittal? Selecte d Answer : None of the above

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39 1 out of 1

points

1 out of 1 points A female patient has been taking prednisone for her asthma for 1 month. The nurse will teach her to gradually decrease her dose of prednisone to avoid Selecte d Answer : adrenal insufficiency.

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44 1 out of 1

points A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who has recently moved from Vermont to south Florida. The patient has been on the same antihypertensive drug for 6 years and has had stable blood pressures and no adverse effects. Since her move, however, she reports "dizzy spells and weakness" and feels that the drug is no

longer effective. The Nurse Practitioner suspects that the change in the effectiveness of the drug is related to Selecte d Answer : the impact of the warmer climate on the patient's physical state.

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45 1 out of 1

points A 33-year-old woman has irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The physician has prescribed simethicone (Mylicon) for her discomfort. Which of the following will the nurse monitor most closely during the patient's drug therapy? Selecte d Answer : Increased abdominal pain and vomiting

• Question

46 1 out of 1

points The Nurse Practitioner is conducting a medication reconciliation of a new resident of a long-term care facility. The Nurse Practitioner notes that the resident takes allopurinol on a daily basis for the treatment of gout. What is the primary purpose of this drug? Selecte d Answer : To balance urate concentration and prevent gout attacks

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47 1 out of 1

points The APRN should educate a diabetic patient that beta blockers may mask the signs and symptoms of Selecte d Answer: hypoglyce mia

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48 1 out of 1

points A patient with seasonal allergies is exasperated by her recent nasal congestion and has expressed her desire to treat it by using

Mesalamine (Asacol) is prescribed for a 22-year-old woman with Crohn disease. The nurse will discuss with the patient the possibility for which of the following adverse effects related to the new drug therapy? Selecte d Answer : Fatigue

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51 1 out of 1

points A 62-year-old woman has been prescribed a fentanyl transdermal patch for chronic cancer pain. The patient asks the nurse how long it will take for her to experience pain relief. The nurse will instruct the patient that she should feel pain relief in approximately Selecte d Answer : 24 hours.

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52 1 out of 1

points You are seeing a 55 year old patient recently diagnosed with a bleeding ulcer. What should be the initial treatment choice for this patient? Selecte d Answer: A Proton Pump Inhibitor

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53 0 out of 1

points A 70-year-old woman has experienced peripheral edema and decreasing stamina in recent months and has sought care from her primary care provider. The patient's subsequent diagnostic workup has resulted in a diagnosis of chronic heart failure. The woman has been prescribed digoxin and the nurse has begun patient education. What should the nurse teach the patient about her new medication? Selecte d Answer : "This will lessen the workload of your heart by reducing your blood pressure."

• Question 54

1 out of 1 points A patient has been prescribed lovastatin for a high cholesterol level. The nurse's teaching plan will include a basic explanation of how the drug produces its therapeutic effect. The nurse will explain that lovastatin lowers cholesterol levels because it Selecte d Answer : inhibits cholesterol syntheses.

• Question

55 1 out of 1

points