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Chapter 1.
An Introduction to Pharmacogenetics
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Genetic polymorphisms account for differences in metabolism, including:
1. Poor metabolizers, who lack a working enzyme
2. Intermediate metabolizers, who have one working, wild-type allele and one mutant
3. Extensive metabolizers, with two normally functioning alleles
4. All of the above
2. Up to 21% of Asians are ultra-rapid 2D6 metabolizers, leading to:
1. A need to monitor drugs metabolized by 2D6 for toxicity
2. Increased dosages needed of drugs metabolized by 2D6, such as the
selective seroto reuptake inhibitors
3. Decreased conversion of codeine to morphine by CYP 2D6
4. The need for lowered dosages of drugs, such as beta blockers
3. Rifampin is a nonspecific CYP450 inducer that may:
1. Lead to toxic levels of rifampin and must be monitored closely
2. Cause toxic levels of drugs, such as oral contraceptives, when coadministered
3. Induce the metabolism of drugs, such as oral contraceptives, leading to therapeutic
4. Cause nonspecific changes in drug metabolism
4. Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by a drug such as quinidine may lead to:
1. Decreased therapeutic levels of quinidine
2. Increased therapeutic levels of quinidine
3. Decreased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that
