Download Phlebotomy Techniques and Blood Sample Collection and more Exams Pharmaceutical Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! Capillary Puncture ✔✔3rd or 4th finger for adults, heel stick for infants; Lancet cut across ridges; hold the tube horizontal when filling. Don't sqeeze finger too tightly or milk the finger. Wipe off 1st drop. The vein can collapse ✔✔If you pull on the plunger of the syringe too hard or too quickly during a draw or you use too strong of a vaccum for the vein, this can happen... Anticoagulant ✔✔An agent used to preven blood clotting and to keep the specimen whole blood Red top ✔✔NO ADDITIVE --- Clot Forms --- Serum used for Chemistries, Electrolytes, Thyroids (TSH, T4), Hormone, Liver, Kidney, Lipid stuidies, CMP, BMP. Tiger top ✔✔Aka Red/Gray top: Clot activator additive - Clot Forms - SERUM STUDIES Lavender top ✔✔EDTA additive - No Clot - WHOLE BLOOD for: Complete blood count (CBC), Blood smear, Blood banking (ABO/Rh), ESR, HCT, Hmg,Glyco Alc ****Must be filled sufficiently and inverted (gentle rocked) several times**** Phlebotomy Certification EXAM with actual questions & answers/ latest update (2024/2025) (Certified Answers) graded A+ Gold Top ✔✔Clot activator additive - Clot Forms - SERUM Studies Grey top ✔✔Sodium Fluoride/Potassium oxalate - Glucose, Alcohol, FBS Light blue top ✔✔Sodium citrate additive - No Clot - Used for coagulation studies (PT, PTT) ****Tube must be filled to the proper level and inverted (gentle rocked) several times**** Wipe away the first drop ✔✔We do this to remove tissue juices, skin cells, alcohol, contaminates, avoid activating clotting process, avoid producing incorrect results, avoid diluting specimen. The basilic, cephilic, and the median ✔✔What veins are in the antecubical area? Hemoconcentration ✔✔This is the increase of the cellular/solid elements in direct ratio to plasma This can be caused by "pumping of the fist" and begins after the tourniquet is left on longer than 1 minute. Provodine/iodine ✔✔Agent used on the skin to sterilize the area. Electrolytes ✔✔Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, CO2 are for this kind of test... Spun Uncoagulated Blood ✔✔This type of blood sample has plasma on top, "Buffy coat" white blood cells and platelets in the middle, red blood cells on the bottom. Spun Clotted Blood ✔✔This type of blood sample has serum on top, and clot on the bottom. Hemolysis ✔✔Breaking apart of RBC's, causing serum or plasma to appear pink-red. This can be caused by a strong vaccum for the size of the vein, to small needle gauge, plunger pulled too quickly, pt has a hemolytic disorder, shaking the tube, taking to long to complete draw. Blood Smear ✔✔For this you must clean the glass slide and use whole blood or capillary sample. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) ✔✔This is a Non-specific test for inflammation in the body. Use Whole Blood. Collected in lavender tube top. Soap and water ✔✔When cleaning a site for a veinpuncture for alcohol test, use: Spinning a centrifuge ✔✔You must always balance out, making sure euqally filled tubes are on each side when doing this: Hematocrit (Hct) ✔✔% of RBC's to total blood volume Bevel ✔✔Angle end of needle that is inserted into vein/skin Hub ✔✔Holds needle Gauge ✔✔Size of Lumen or hole in needle, the smaller the number/guage, the larger the lumen. -- 18g: large size, not often used for veinpuncture 21g: Used with vaccutainers 23g: used with butterfly system or syringes 0-5 ml in capacity 25g: smallest gauge needle, often causes hemolysis of blood. Lumen ✔✔center of needle (hole) Safety needles ✔✔needles with a mechanical cap attached for use after removal from pt. blood cultures ✔✔need special training to draw these, so MA's usually don't draw them. ETOH ✔✔ethyl alcohol, when drawing for this test, use soap and water to draw to insure no contamination of specimen
