Photosynthesis and cellular respiration biology 101, Exercises of Biology

Download Photosynthesis and cellular respiration biology 101 and more Exercises Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Lesson Objectives SS Describe the role of light and pigments in photosynthesis. = Explain the role of electron carrier molecules in photosynthesis. ESS State the overall equation for photosynthesis. ‘@ BUILD Vocabulary A. The chart below shows key terms from the lesson with their definitions. Term eit) fa { £0 Primary pigment in plants Lightk - dopandonk Reactions in photosynthesis that require light and light- absorbing pigments Saacthionys Lippe Srdepandand Reactions in photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide and energy-carrying molecules are used to produce high-energy (Pochons meee Pigmnart "se Fluid portion of the chloroplast that surrounds the thylakoid Shusmo_ seo i ) Photosynthetic brane sac found inside chloroplasts | y id memi sac di Section 8.3 ATD \ Enzyme that converts ADP and a phosphate group to ATP. Another name for the light- independent reactions in which CORVin Cachs | carbohydrates are produced —>—r  \ \ \ 4 Series of electron-carrier proteins that transport high-energy electrons during the process of making ATP | Cheats Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins in the thylakoids essential to Photosyatans the light-dependent reactions stem (Behera, ane a Photesustems ar Chlorophyll and Chloroplasts In addition to water and carbon dioxide, photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll. Inside chloroplasts are thylakoids. The region outside the thylakoid is the stroma. A model of a chloroplast is shown below. Follow the directions. 1. Color the stroma blug. Label it. 2. Color each thylakoid green. Label one. (Girclghthe granum in red. Label it Answer the questions. 4. Where do the light-dependent reactions occur? Circle the correct answer. thylakoids’ stroma 5. Where do the light-independent reactions occur? Circle the correct answer. thylakoids (Stroma) 6. Is the following statement true or false? In plants, photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts. 7. The function of chlorophyll is A. to protect a plant from losing water. B. to help plants absorb oxygen. C. to protect the plant cell. capture energy from the sun. The Light-Independent Reactions: Producing Sugars k Both ATP and NADPH are produced by the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The Calvin cycle uses the energy in ATP and NADPH to produce high-energy sugars. A model of the Calvin cycle is shown below. Follow the directions. Gut )1-Gireielihe places where ATP and NADPH are used. (1 \ 2, Draw an Xover the two 3-carbon molecules that are removed from the cycle to produce sugars, lipids, and other compounds. Calvin Cycle 6© . COz soosorust™ Sugars and other compounds | Answer the questions. 3. Circle the letter of each statement that is true about the Calvin cycle. A. The main products of the Calvin cycle are six carbon dioxide molecules. we) arbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle from the atmosphere. a ergy from ATP and high-energy electrons from NADPH are used to convert 3-carbon molecules into higher-energy forms. Calvin cycle uses 6 molecules of carbon dioxide to produce a single 6-carbon sugar molecule. 4, Why are the reactions of the Calvin cycle also called the light-independent reactions? Ugh; hay Con Cnapaan dow, Nahe  Chapter 9: Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is the process that uses oxygen to release energy from food. Use the terms in the box below to label the diagram of cellular respiration. electron transport Krebs cycle glycolysis mitochondrion ~\ Answer the questions. 1. Where does glycolysis take place? A. mitochondrion (C. cell membrane (B.) oplasm D. nucleus 2. Where do the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain take place? A. ribosome itochondrion B. nucleus D. cytoplasm 3. Which reactant is used in the electron transport chain? A. water xygen B. carbon dioxide D. sugar 4. Which stage(s) of cellular respiration are aerobic? A. glycolysis (C. electron transport B. Krebs cycle @ons and C x\ Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration and photosynthesis can be thought of as opposite processes. Energy flows in opposite directions in the two processes. Complete the table using the words below. Some words may be used more than once. You will use more than one term in some of the spaces. carbon dioxide energy release mitochondria water | Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration |Funcion energycapture = an olooda ay es ee ee Reactants — WXGA 7 CO glucose and oxygen | L | Products oxygenandgiucose = (sO, akan, Answer the questions r 1. Circle the correct answer. Which process releases energy for the cell? photosynthesis P 2. Circle the correct answer. For which reaction is 6CO2 + 6H»O — C,H)20, + 60; the correct equation? cellular respiration photosynthesis 3. Which statement about cellular respiration is true? Li A. Cellular respiration does not use energy. (the total amount of energy is constant. C. Energy is destroyed during the reaction. be D. Energy is created during the reaction. 4. How are the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected? A. The products of both processes are the same. B. The reactants for one process are the same as the reactants for the other process. ch process provides the materials needed in the other process. D. There is no direct relationship. The Krebs Cycle Pyruvic acid is formed during glycolysis. If oxygen is present, the pyruvic acid moves into the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid is changed into carbon dioxide. High-energy electrons are accepted by NAD" and FAD. This results in the formation of NADH and FADH). NADH and FADH; are used in another process to make ATP. A model of the Krebs cycle is shown below. 1. Fill in the details missing from the concept map below. Krebs Cycle 8 3. What CA to the carbon dioxide that results from the Krebs cycle? Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons produced by the Krebs cycle to move hydrogen ions from one side of the inner membrane to the other. Complete the flowchart about electron transport. Use the terms in the box. intermembrane electron transport chain ATP synthase positively inner membrane ATP pitrenenn electrons from NADH and FADH; are passed into and along tneuLacpran —imaspert + |The energy from the electrons moving down the chain is used to move H* ions across the jnner.| \ Membrane, ' [H* ions build up in the \rvbermemip rena space, making *_posihuelsya — “charged and making the matrix negatively charged. +\ {H* ions move through channels of FAY Stucke o__ in the inner membrane. ) { J x The ATP synthase uses the energy from the maving ions ta combine ADP and a phosphate, forming high-energy : BUILD Understanding Venn Diagram A Venn diagram is made up of overlapping circles. It is a useful tool for comparing two or even three topics. As you read about the two forms of fermentation in Lesson 3, complete the Venn diagram below. Fermentation Fermentation is respiration without oxygen. In fermentation, energy is released from food molecules by producing ATP. There are two forms of fermentation: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is what makes bread rise. It is also used in alcoholic beverages. Lactic acid fermentation is used to produce foods such as cheese, yogurt, pickles, and kimchi. The diagram below shows the two types of fermentation. Follow the directions. 1. Label the process that shows alcoholic fermentation. 2. Label the process that shows lactic acid fermentation. are as ~ oe oS pee 46 ae 1D 20, 2 | eo acid Ld 2 Ethyl Alcohol 2 Circle the correct answer. Questions may have more than one correct answer. caholic fermentation is used to make which product? cheese yogurt pickles 4, What kind of taste do lactic acid bacteria give foads? sweet salty (cour *) spicy esis 5, What are some milk prodwets made from lactic agid fermentation? wou) milk Coeur’) cheese 3 6. What is one main difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration? J