PHR 2500 Final Exam Questions And Answers For Guaranteed Pass| Guaranteed Pass 100%, Exams of Nursing

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PHR 2500 Final Exam Questions And Answers For Guaranteed Pass| Guaranteed Pass 100% Verified Which of the following long-term care settings has the highest level of nursing care? -assisted living facilities -skilled nursing facilities -independent living facilities - Correct Answer-skilled nursing facilities Which of the following is an example of an inpatient health care setting? -mobile dental clinics -home care -community health centers -psychiatric hospital -telephone triage - Correct Answer-psychiatric hospital Which high-income country spends the most on health care per person? - Correct Answer-the US In the United States, what is the most common type of hospital? -general hospitals -private for-profit hospitals -children's hospitals -teaching hospitals -specialty hospitals - Correct Answer-general hospitals What is the order of the four stages of the Drug System? - Correct Answer-Stage 1: Research and Development Stage 2: Regulatory Review Stage 3: Manufacturing, Marketing, and Distribution Stage 4: The Medication Use What is the pathway a new drug product takes in the U.S.? - Correct Answer-Supplier Manufacturer Wholesaler Distributer Pharmacy or Hospital Patient Compare the types of patients/afflictions that require inpatient care to those that can be treated in an outpatient setting - Correct Answer- Distinguish between different types of inpatient care facilities and the services that they provide - Correct Answer- Describe the services offered by long-term care facilities and the patient populations that they typically treat - Correct Answer- Identify the different levels of care that long-term care facilities typically provide based on patient acuity - Correct Answer- What is the definition of moral hazard with respect to healthcare? -consumer behavior that leads to a higher utilization of health care services when they are covered by insurance -concern among insurance providers with the risk posed by healthcare providers embracing principles of right and wrong behavior -the increase in physician concerns with the predatory practices of health insurance companies -the risks associated with eating wild mushrooms by persons without formal training in mycology - Correct Answer- consumer behavior that leads to a higher utilization of health care services when they are covered by insurance What is a pharmacy benefit manager (PBM)? -a managing director of a group of pharmacies -a nonprofit organization that organizes fundraisers to benefit charitable pharmacies for the poor -a third-party administrator of prescription drug plans that negotiates better drug prices for the insurance plans and helps to control drug spending -a person or organization that arranges health insurance benefits for pharmacy staff and ensures the benefits meet government regulations - Correct Answer-a third-party administrator of prescription drug plans that negotiates better drug prices for the insurance plans and helps to control drug spending Which type of Managed Care Plan requires enrollees to stay within a network of providers and obtain a referral to see a specialist? -Preferred Provider Organizations (PPO) -High-Deductible Health Plans (HDHP) -Full Insured Group Insurance -Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) - Correct Answer- Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) What is the insurance term for a fee you pay monthly (like a membership fee) even if you don't use any health care services in that month? - Correct Answer-premium All of the following are public health insurance programs in the U.S. EXCEPT? -Medicare -Medicaid -Nationwide Mutual Insurance -Children's Health Insurance Program -Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) - Correct Answer- Nationwide Mutual Insurance Identify the effect that the Affordable Care Act has had on the percent of U.S. citizens covered by health insurance - Correct Answer- three-legged stool). Which "leg" has President Trump removed? - Correct Answer- Identify how much Americans pay on average "out-of-pocket" (i.e. in deductibles and co-payments/co-insurance, not including the insurance premium) for one prescription drug and for a generic drug - Correct Answer- Identify four suggestions to help keep the cost of drugs from rising so rapidly - Correct Answer- Discuss how Pharmacy Benefits Managers get the best prices for drugs - Correct Answer- Which step in the medication use system does CPOE eliminate? - Correct Answer-Transcribing In which step of the medication use system do the most medical errors occur? - Correct Answer-Administration Which of the following is required to be included on every prescription written in the United States? -physician DEA number -brand name of drug -patient name -dispensing pharmacy -chief medical officer at hospital/clinic - Correct Answer- patient name Which of the following health care professionals can prescribe drugs without restrictions? -certified registered nurse anesthetist -optometrist -physician assistant -osteopathic physician -veterinarian - Correct Answer-osteopathic physician Prescriptive authority is the ability to legally _____ prescription and controlled drugs. -administer -prescribe -dispense -transcribe -verify - Correct Answer-prescribe Explain the importance of the medication use system and explain each of the five steps in the system - Correct Answer- Identify the largest category of medical errors in health care - Correct Answer- Identify practitioners with prescribing authority and which five types of licensed healthcare providers have NO restrictions on prescribing drugs - Correct Answer- Describe the role of physicians and other prescribers play in the medication use system - Correct Answer- Explain the difference between a generalist and a specialist physician - Correct Answer- Identify the type of pharmacist that may prescribe drugs (in about half of all states) and what the restrictions are on the prescribing authority - Correct Answer- -Benefit Utilization of Controls Known to be Ingested -Ohio Automated RX Reporting System -Ohio Practitioners Illicit Obtainment Identification Database -Database for Ohio Purchases of Endangering Substances -Database for Improved Verification to Ensure Responsible Treatment - Correct Answer-Ohio Automated RX Reporting System (OARRS) List potential sites of employment for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians - Correct Answer- Identify the places in the medication use system where pharmacist and pharmacy technicians play a role - Correct Answer- Explain the purpose of a collaborative practice agreement - Correct Answer- Identify the steps of the dispensing process in the medication use system in a community/retail pharmacy - Correct Answer- Describe the role of the pharmacy technician and the requirements to be a pharmacy technician in Ohio - Correct Answer- Define compounded medication - Correct Answer- Explain the advantages of using unit dose medications - Correct Answer- Identify the steps of drug distribution in a hospital setting and how this differs from a community setting - Correct Answer- Identify some applications of automation technology used in pharmacies to increase efficiency, productivity, and safety - Correct Answer- Describe the Ohio Automated RX Reporting System (OARRS) and its purpose - Correct Answer- Which of the following routes of administration is an example of enteral administration? -rectal -inhalation -ophthalmic -transdermal -intramuscular - Correct Answer-rectal Which 2 activities may be performed by a nursing aide? -performing wound care and inserting catheters -bathing patients and taking vital signs -performing emergency CPR and suctioning tracheotomy tubes -administering vaccinations and administering medications - Correct Answer-bathing patients and taking vital signs Listed below are several reasons for hospitals to use barcode medication administration. Which reason is the MOST important? -helps with medication tracking -helps with medication inventory -improves patient safety by preventing errors -more convenient for the nurse to document medication administration Why are some side effects not known when drugs are first approved by the FDA? - Correct Answer-Clinical trials may be too small and not last long enough to detect all side effects Packaging for dietary supplements must include which of the following statements in order to be legally sold in the United States? - Correct Answer-"This product is not intended to treat, diagnose, or prevent any disease" Consumers spend more on this category of nonprescription medications (i.e., OTC medications) than any other: - Correct Answer- Identify the proportion of patients who experience a medical error during a hospital stay - Correct Answer- Identify the number of patients that die daily from medication errors - Correct Answer- Identify the most common medical errors (ABC video) and the reason medical errors appear to be on the rise (CNN video) - Correct Answer- Explain the difference between: -medication error -adverse drug event -adverse drug reaction -preventable adverse drug event -potential adverse drug event -near miss - Correct Answer- Explain the Swiss cheese model of medication errors - Correct Answer- List some common causes of medication errors according to the FDA, and what requirements the FDA made to reduce future medication errors (e.g., for the look-alike and sound- alike drugs risperidone and ropinirole) - Correct Answer- Name four technology-enhanced systems used within the medication-use system to help prevent medication errors, and describe how they enhance patient safety - Correct Answer- Describe what patients can do to help prevent medication errors according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality - Correct Answer- Describe what is meant by "monitoring" in the medication-use system - Correct Answer- Identify some of the causes of adverse events in patients - Correct Answer- Explain the purpose of an adverse event reporting system - Correct Answer- Identify the three system levels at which adverse event reporting programs exist - Correct Answer- Describe the FDA's MedWatch system and who may report adverse events to it. - Correct Answer- Identify the two reasons some side effects not known when drugs are first approved by the FDA and the reason many older drugs are safer than newer drugs - Correct Answer- -mobile dental clinics -home care -community health centers -institutional long-term care facilities -telephone triage - Correct Answer-institutional long-term care facilities In the United States, what is the most common type of hospital? -general hospitals -private for-profit hospitals -children's hospitals -teaching hospitals -specialty hospitals - Correct Answer-general hospitals Which of the following is NOT a public health insurance program in the US? -medicare -medicaid -aetna -children's health insurance program -department of veterans affairs (VA) - Correct Answer-aetna Since the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare), which of the following is true about the number of uninsured individuals in the US? -the number of uninsured has gone up -the number of uninsured has gone down -the number of uninsured has stayed the same - Correct Answer-the number of uninsured has gone down What is the order of steps in the medication use system? - Correct Answer-Prescribing, Transcribing, Dispensing, Administering, Monitoring Which of the following health care professionals may NOT legally prescribe drugs? -psychologists -physicians -dentists -nurse practitioners -physician assistants - Correct Answer-psychologists Which type of health care clinician is the most accessible to the public? -physician -dentist -nurse practitioner -physician assistant -pharmacist -nurse - Correct Answer-pharmacist Identify the place in the medication use system where nurses play the primary, major role: -prescribing -transcribing -monitoring -administration -dispensing - Correct Answer-administration What is the overarching goal of monitoring in the medication- use system? - Correct Answer-early detection of a downturn in a patient's health status or the occurrence of an adverse event after medication administration