PHTLS 10th Edition Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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PHTLS 10th Edition 100%

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2023/2024 EXAM

A 27 year old female has multi system trauma. Which life threat is your first priority? - ans Significant external hemorrhage Which type of skull fracture will cause leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the ears and nose? - ans Basilar A 78 year old female was involved in a minor car crash. She is shivering and exhibits repetitive questioning. She is a type II diabetic and takes a daily anticoagulant. What should your initial treatment be? - ans Move patient to a warm environment A 14 year old male suffered from helmet-to-helmet contact during a football game followed by a 30 second period of unconsciousness. Initial exam shows that he is awake but slow to respond. He is nauseated and has a headache. He becomes unresponsive during transport. Examination of the pupils reveals a left pupil that is dilated and not reactive. What type of hemorrhage should you suspect? - ans Epidural An 80 year old female fell down a flight of stairs 3 days ago. Today the family reports she has a headache and is "going in and out of consciousness." Vital signs are BP 170/72, R 26 and irregular, HR 62, BGL 150 mg/dL (8.3 mol/L). What should you suspect? - ans Subdural hematoma An adult patient was involved in a motorcycle accident. Why should you remove his or her helmet? - ans To manage the airway A 28 year old male fell from his motorcycle during a low speed accident. He removed his own helmet after the accident. He has an open left femur fracture with severe external bleeding from the wound. What should you do? - ans Apply direct pressure to the wound

An adult patient has an open angulated injury to the left lower leg. Distal pulses are absent. Why would you attempt to realign the extremity? - ans Restore blood flow A 20 year old male was hit in the chest with a baseball bat. He4 complains of severe pain and tenderness to the left side. He is unable to take a deep breath. Vital signs are BP 112/76, P 98, R 20 regular, and ETCO2 38mmHg. What should you do? - ans Administer 100 mcg of Fentanyl A 13 year old male was riding on an all-terrain vehicle when he drove into a wire fence. He's sitting on the ground with a towel over his lower face. He has an open jaw fracture. What is your primary concern? - ans Obstruction of the airway An adult patient has partial thickness burns to his or. her anterior chest and abdomen, the entire right arm, and the palm of the left hand. What percent of the total body surface area is affected? - ans 28% An 8 year old female is being treated in the red treatment area after a housing complex fire. Vital signs are P 140, R 12 with noted stridor. Her eyebrows and hair are burnt. Suddenly, she becomes apenic. What should you do? - ans Insert an oropharyngeal airway and assist ventilations What type of burn should be treated as a life or limb threatening injury due to constriction of the injured tissues? - ans Circumferential A 26 year old female was the unrestrained driver of a head on collision. Her Glascow Coma Scale score is 4 (E1, V1, M2). Vital signs are BP 156/78, P 66, R 12 and irregular, and her pupils are unequal. What should you do? - ans Assist ventilations at a rate of 20 breaths per minute Which of the following presents the greatest risk for EMS provider fatalities? - ans Motor vehicle collision either in an EMS unit or on-scene A 50 year old male fell from a 6th story balcony. Intubation attempts have been unsuccessful. His Glasgow Coma Scale score is 6 (E1, V1, M4). You

note agonal respirations. What should you do first? - ans Insert a superglottic airway device A 22 year old male was involved in a car crash and hit a tree head-on. The patient is on the ground outside the vehicle and is unconscious. His forearm is avulsed and you note a large pool of blood with active bleeding. His breathing is deep and labored. What should you do? - ans Apply a tourniquet A 46 year old male is trapped in his vehicle after a high speed front-end collision. He is slow to respond to questions. You note blood pooling on his seat. Vital signs are P 130, R 8. How should you remove this patient from the vehicle? - ans Rapidly extricate the patient A 24 year old construction worker amputated his thumb. How should you manage the amputation? - ans Wrap in moistened gauze A 36 weeks pregnant female has sustained an injury that requires spinal motion restriction. What intervention should be implemented to prevent hypotension during transport? - ans Elevate the right side of the back board 4-6 inches A 41 year old male was stabbed in the chest immediately below the sternum. He complains of shortness of breath and has engorged jugular veins. Vital signs are BP 108/84, P 130, R 26. What should you suspect? - ans Cardiac tamponade A 55 year old male has burns to both lower extremities from a car crash. He is awake and in severe pain. Assessment reveals dry, white, leathery appearance in both lower extremities. What is the burn classification? - ans Full thickness A 29 year old male falls 17 feet (5 m) to the ground from a tree. He complains of pain with movement and pain on the right side of his chest when he breaths. You not5e accessory muscle use, focal, tenderness, bony crepitus, and absent breath sounds on his right side. What should you suspect? - ans Simple pneumothorax

A 47 year old female was stabbed with knife in her right upper quadrant. Her Glasgow Coma Scale score is 9 (E2, V2, M5). Vital signs are BP 78/50, P 130, R 26. What should you do? - ans Immediately transport to a trauma center and establish an IV en route. A 44 year old male was ejected from a truck traveling at 44 mph (60 kph). He is lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. What should you do first? - ans Manually stabilize the cervical spine A 13 year old male was a restrained passenger in a car crash at highway speed. He is alert and oriented on-scene and walking around. What should you do? - ans Consider spinal motion restriction and assess his c-spine A 44 year old male was involved in a motorcycle crash. He sustained severe blunt trauma to his chest and has deformity of the right femur. Multiple IV attempts were unsuccessful. Vital signs are BP 70/40, P 126, R

28. What should you do? - ans Establish intaosseous access Where is the preferred landmark for needle decompression? - ans Anterior axillary line, 5th intercostal space A 25 year old female has a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Vital signs are BP 80/40, P 122, R 18 clear, equal lung sounds. What is the most appropriate IV fluid to administer? - ans Warmed Lactated Ringer's A 16 year old male complains of chest pain and difficulty taking a deep breath. He was assaulted with metal pipe. He has unilateral chest rise and crepitus over the injured area. What should you do? - ans Apply high flow oxygen A 23 year old male was skateboarding down a ramp when he flipped over and landed on his head. He is clenching his jaw and you are unable to insert and oral airway. He thrashes his head when yo9u attempt to provide bag-mask ventilations. His oxygen saturation is decreasing, and his ETCO is increasing. What is the best option to secure his airway and provide effective ventilations? - ans Pharmacologically assisted intubation

A 29 year old male was injured in a high speed motor vehicle collision with lateral impact and intrusion into the side of a sedan. He has pale and diaphoretic skin, appears anxious, and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum. He complains of chest pain, has decreased breath sounds on the left lateral side, has crepitus on palpation of his ribs, and his jugular veins are flat. Vital signs are BP 88/56, P 120, R 24, SpO2 92%. What should you suspect? - ans Hemothorax Which of the following is true when log rolling a patient? - ans The provider maintaining spinal motion restriction is in charge A 10 year old male fell from his bicycle and sustained abrasions to his left leg and left arm. He is alert and oriented. What should you do first? - ans Complete a primary and secondary assessment What is a sign oof brain stem herniation? - ans Decerebrate posturing Which type of shock includes neurogenic and anaphylactic shock? - ans Distributive A 3 year old female was involved in a car crash with 2 feet (61 cm) of intrusion into the passenger compartment. She is crying and has an obvious deformed right humerus. Her car seat has a crack on the side of impact. What should you suspect? - ans Significant energy has been distributed to this patient A 33 year old female has a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3 (E1, V1, M1) after being ejected from a motor vehicle. How should you prepare to intubate? - ans Maintain spinal precautions and use a video laryngoscope if available What is a priority treatment for an internal hemorrhage due to a pelvic fracture? - ans Binder application What is an early finding in compartment syndrome? - ans Pain

A 28 year old female has suffered a head injury after falling from a horse. He Glasgow Coma Scale score is 6 (E1, V1, M4) and she has snoring respirations at 8 per minute. Which should you do first? - ans Place an oropharyngeal airway Upon examining a 43 year old male, you note unequal breath sounds. What is a sign or sympton of a simple pneumothorax? - ans Shortness of breath, decreased lung sounds on affected side A 78 year old female fell 12 hours ago. Now she complains of 10/10 hip and groin pain during movement. Vital signs are BP 98/50, P 132, R 26. What should you administer? - ans Ketamine A 42 year old female has been pulled from a smoke-filled apartment. Her mouth and nose are covered in soot. She has a weak, hoarse cry with inspiratory stridor. What should you do? - ans Prepare for a difficult intubation An anxious 54 year old female complains of chest pain. She hit the steering wheel after a car crash at highway speeds. Her sternum is red and tender. Vital signs are BP 100/68, P 112, R 28 and clear, SpO2 92%. What should you suspect? - ans Cardiac contusion A 28 year old male was ejected during a car crash. He is unconscious and has no obvious bleeding. Vital signs are BP 70/40, P 120, R 22. What type of shock would you expect? - ans Hemorrhagic shock A 4 year old female fell down approximately 8 carpeted stairs. Her parents said she initially complained of neck pain and a tingling sensation in all four extremities, but the symptoms have since resolved. What should you do? - ans Initiate spinal motion restriction and transport A 26 year old male is supine on the ground. He was assaulted and has obvious head and facial trauma. He has snoring respirations at a rate of 8 per minute. What should you do? - ans Perform a modified jaw thrust

Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging may contribute to an increased incidence of falls among the elderly? - ans Declining visual acuity A 32 year old male was ejected from a motor vehicle. He is unconscious with agonal respirations. Upon assessment, you not a dilated right pupil. What is the best device to secure the airway? - ans Endotracheal tube