PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023, Exams of Nursing

Download PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 The displacement of tissue away from the path of a projectile, both temporarily and permanently, is known as: A. Conization B. Cavitation C. Crepitation D. Contusion - correct answer ✅B. Cavitation The single most important factor in determining the potential for injury due to energy exchange is: A. Mass of the bodies involved B. Velocity of the bodies involved C. Density of the tissues involved D. Surface area of the impact involved - correct answer ✅B. Velocity of the bodies involved In the management of shock, isotonic crystalloid solutions, such as Ringer's, are preferred because: PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. The protein molecules in crystalloid solutions act as volume expanders B. These fluids draw interstitial fluid into the vascular space to enhance volume C. These solutions will stay in the vascular space longer than water solutions, such as D5W D. Their pH enhance oxygen delivery to the tissues - correct answer ✅C. These solutions will stay in the vascular space longer than water solutions, such as D5W With respect to the distance of a fall, which of the following is a guideline for determining a critical fall? A. 3 times the height of the patient B. 2 times the height of the patient C. 5 times the height of the patient D. 1 ½ times the height of the patient - correct answer ✅A. 3 times the height of the patient PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. 28 year old male, unrestrained driver in a frontal impact crash. Awake, asks repeatedly what happened, complains of a headache, has a hematoma on his forehead. BP 122/84, HR 92, VR 20. B. 40 year old female who was pushed down a flight of stairs and is lying prone on the landing between two flights of stairs, complaining of back pain. BP 118/78, HR 100, VR 20. C. 17 year old female, restrained driver in a frontal impact crash. Awake, pale and diaphoretic, complains of upper right quadrant abdominal pain. BP 100/70, HR 108, VR 20. D. None of the above - correct answer ✅D. None of the above Your patient is a 32 year old man, restrained driver of a vehicle that has been involved in a frontal impact with a concrete bridge abutment. The patient is awake, but has difficulty answering questions due to shortness of breath. His ventilatory rate is 30 per minute. Of the following choices, when is the first time the patient's breath sounds should be checked? A. As soon as he is removed from the vehicle B. Prior to being removed from the vehicle C. As soon as he is immobilized on a long backboard PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 D. Enroute to the trauma center - correct answer ✅B. Prior to being removed from the vehicle Which of the following represents adequate spontaneous ventilation in an adult? A. Tidal volume 100 mL, ventilatory rate 40/minute B. Tidal volume 500 mL, ventilatory rate 8/minute C. Tidal volume 300 mL, ventilatory rate 16/minute D. Tidal volume 600 mL, ventilatory rate 12/minute - correct answer ✅D. Tidal volume 600 mL, ventilatory rate 12/minute Which of the following is 100% accurate in verifying endotracheal tube placement? A. Pulse oximetry B. End-tidal capnometry C. Syringe aspiration D. None of the above - correct answer ✅D. None of the above PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 When utilizing percutaneous transtracheal ventilation, the correct ration of lung inflation to lung inflation time, in seconds, is: A. 1:4 B. 1:5 C. 1:2 D. 2:2 - correct answer ✅A. 1:4 Which of the following is a possible complication of using a manually triggered oxygen powered device for ventilation? A. Gastric distention B. Pneumothorax C. Inability to feel lung compliance D. All of the above - correct answer ✅D. All of the above Which of the following procedures is considered an essential airway skill? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 pulse of 112, and breath sounds are decreased on the right side. The trachea is midline and jugular veins are flat while the patient is supine. There is isolated crepitus over the 4th and 5th ribs in the midaxillary line on the patient's right side. Based on the mechanism of injury and the assessment findings, which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient's signs and symptoms? A. Tension pneumothorax B. Simple pneumothorax C. Pulmonary contusion D. Hemothorax - correct answer ✅D. Hemothorax Deterioration of ventilation and oxygenation after inflation of a PASG in a patient who has sustained a high-pressure compression injury of the abdomen, such as a sudden deceleration with the lap belt placed across the abdomen, most likely represents which of the following injuries? A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm B. Ruptured diaphragm C. Ruptured esophagus PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 D. "Paper bag" syndrome of the lungs - correct answer ✅B. Ruptured diaphragm Which of the following is NOT a component of the Fick Principle? A. Adequate number of platelets in the blood B. Oxygenation of red blood cells C. Transportation of red blood cells to the tissues of the body D. Off-loading oxygen from the red blood cells to the tissues - correct answer ✅A. Adequate number of platelets in the blood One of the earliest signs of hypovolemic shock is: A. Hypotension B. Bradycardia C. Anxiety D. Reduced urine output - correct answer ✅C. Anxiety PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which of the following characterizes the washout phase of shock? A. Systemic acidosis B. Localized tissue acidosis C. Edema D. Reduced capillary blood flow - correct answer ✅A. Systemic acidosis A trauma patient who has fallen 20 feet from an apartment balcony is alert with warm, dry, pink skin, with normal capillary refilling time to the lower extremities, and is hypotensive. The upper extremities are cool, pale and diaphoretic. Which of the following injuries should be suspected? A. Aortic dissection B. Liver laceration C. Fractured pelvis D. Spinal cord injury - correct answer ✅D. Spinal cord injury Which of the following is a limitation of prehospital fluid resuscitation of the patient in hemorrhagic shock? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. Gestational age of the fetus B. Prenatal care C. Immediate cesarean section D. Good resuscitation of the mother - correct answer ✅D. Good resuscitation of the mother A patient struck in the back of the head with a baseball bat may sustain a cerebral contusion to which area of the brain? A. Frontal and occipital B. Occipital C. Parietal D. Frontal - correct answer ✅B. Occipital (probably too low velocity for Coup & Contre Coup) In the context of the caring for an adult patient with traumatic brain injury who is deteriorating and exhibiting signs of herniation, hyperventilation means ventilating with a BVM and 100% oxygen at a rate of: PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. 12 to 16 per minute B. 32 to 40 per minute C. 8 to 12 per minute D. 20 per minute - correct answer ✅D. 20 In the United State, which of the following mechanisms most frequently causes spinal cord injury in adults? A. Shallow water diving B. Vehicle crashes C. Falls D. Pedestrian struck by a vehicle - correct answer ✅B. Vehicle crashes Which of the following presentation indicate spinal cord injury? A. Complete loss of sensory and motor function below the site of injury PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 B. Weakness and parethesia in the upper extremities, but normal function in the lower extremities C. Complete loss of function on one side of the body and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side D. All of the above - correct answer ✅D. All of the above Of the following, which is the earliest indication of compartment syndrome? A. Paralysis of the affected muscles B. Loss of pulses C. Loss of feeling in the web space between the thumb and index finger or between the first and second toes D. Tense swelling of the involved area - correct answer ✅D. Tense swelling of the involved area A traction splint may be used for which of the following injuries? A. Knee dislocation B. Pelvic fractures PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A patient who withdraws from painful stimuli, opens eyes on verbal command, and cannot speak because of intubation has a Glasgow Coma Scale of which of the following: A. 8 B. 8T C. 7 D. 7T - correct answer ✅B. 8T (E-3, V-T, M-4) The earliest site for intraosseous infusion is: A. Anterior tibia, just above the tibial tuberosity B. Anterior fibula C. Anterior tibia, just below the tibial tuberosity D. Posterior fibula - correct answer ✅C. Anterior tibia, just below the tibial tuberosity PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which of the following behaviors is the most reliable indication of confusion in the elderly trauma patient? A. Inability to recall his/her name B. Inability to recall the day of the week C. Inability to identify his/her present location when out of his/her normal residence D. Focus on repeated retelling of events that occurred years ago - correct answer ✅A. Inability to recall his/her name In the elderly trauma patient a high index of suspicion for shock should occur beginning when the systolic blood pressure is less than: A. 90 mmHg B. 150 mmHg C. 120 mmHg D. 100 mmHg - correct answer ✅C. 120 mmHg PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 In an adult patient, blood loss into the tissue from a fractured femur may be as much as which of the following? A. 150 to 500 mL B. 500 to 1000 mL C. 1000 2000 mL D. 2500 to 5000 mL - correct answer ✅C. 1000 2000 mL Delayed death due to trauma is usually a result of: A. Biochemical and pathophysiological effects of inadequate initial resuscitation B. Acute circulatory failure C. Brain injury D. Acute hypoxia - correct answer ✅A. Biochemical and pathophysiological effects of inadequate initial resuscitation PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. Protocols permitting invasive airway procedures B. The ability to administer large amounts of crystalloid fluids C. The ability to quickly locate and manage life-threatening and potentially life-threatening injuries D. Effective spinal immobilization skills - correct answer ✅C. The ability to quickly locate and manage life-threatening and potentially life-threatening injuries You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a vehicle struck a tree. Which is the best indicator of potential injury? A. Circumference of the vehicle B. Diameter of the tree C. Mass of the vehicle D. Speed of the vehicle - correct answer ✅D. Speed of the vehicle The potential for death or serious injury is greatest in which of the following motor vehicle collisions? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A) Down and under B) Ejection from vehicle C) Lateral compression D) Up and over - correct answer ✅B) Ejection from vehicle Bilateral femur fractures are most often associated with which type of motorcycle crash? A) Angular impact B) Bike-road impact C) Head-on impact D) Rear impact - correct answer ✅C) Head-on impact Which is the preferred fluid for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in the prehospital setting? A) 5% dextrose in water PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 B) 7.5% hypertonic saline C) Hetastarch D) Lactated Ringer's - correct answer ✅D) Lactated Ringer's Which is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction in the trauma patient? A) Blood B) Teeth C) Tongue D) Vomitus - correct answer ✅C) Tongue Which is the preferred adjunct device for verifying placement of an endotracheal tube in a patient with a perfusing rhythm? A) End-tidal CO2 monitoring (capnography) B) Esophageal detector device C) Pulse oximeter PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 D) Low blood pressure combined with tachycardia - correct answer ✅C) Generalized inadequate tissue perfusion Your patient has a deep laceration to his antecubital fossa with significant bleeding. What is the most appropriate initial action? A) Apply a tourniquet B) Apply direct pressure C) Initiate rapid transport D) Restore blood volume - correct answer ✅B) Apply direct pressure Hypotension of unknown etiology in a trauma patient should be assumed to result from which of the following? A) Blood loss B) Cardiac tamponade C) Spinal injury D) Tension pneumothorax - correct answer ✅A) Blood loss PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which assessment is most beneficial in differentiating hemorrhagic shock from neurogenic shock in the prehospital setting? A) Abdomen B) Blood pressure C) Neurologic status D) Skin - correct answer ✅D) Skin The body initially compensates for blood loss through activation of which of the following? A) Parasympathetic nervous system B) Reticular activating system C) Spinal reflex arcs D) Sympathetic nervous system - correct answer ✅D) Sympathetic nervous system Medication used by trauma patients for pre-existing conditions may cause which of the following? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A) Herbal preparations may enhance blood clotting B) Anti-inflammatory agents may enhance blood clotting C) Beta blockers may prevent tachycardia with blood loss D) Calcium channel blockers may slow the onset of shock - correct answer ✅C) Beta blockers may prevent tachycardia with blood loss The target blood pressure for a trauma patient with suspected intraabdominal hemorrhage is which of the following? A) 60 - 70mm Hg B) 80 - 90 mm Hg C) 100 - 110 mm Hg D) 120 - 130 mm Hg - correct answer ✅B) 80 - 90 mm Hg Which best explains the mechanism by which gas exchange is impaired in pulmonary contusion? A) Blood in the alveoli PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A) Cool moist dressings B) Dry sterile dressings C) Elastic bandages D) Topical ointments - correct answer ✅B) Dry sterile dressings The most immediate life threatening condition resulting from injury to solid abdominal organs is which of the following? A) Acute respiratory failure B) Hemorrhage. C) Multiple organ failure. D) Peritonitis - correct answer ✅B) Hemorrhage. An adult male sustained a deep laceration to his distal thigh. Bright red blood is spurting from the wound. Direct pressure is not controlling the bleeding. What is the most appropriate next step? A) Apply a topical hemostatic agent and transport B) Apply a tourniquet and tighten it until bleeding stops PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C) Elevate the leg and apply pressure to the femoral artery D) Maintain direct pressure and transport immediately - correct answer ✅B) Apply a tourniquet and tighten it until bleeding stops An 18-year-old female was struck by a car and has sustained an apparent left femur fracture. Communication with her is hampered because she only speaks a foreign language. Which finding, by itself, does not mandate immobilization of the cervical spine? A) Fracture of the femur B) Inability to communicate C) Mechanism of injury D) Tenderness over the cervical spine - correct answer ✅C) Mechanism of injury During the primary survey of a trauma patient, you note that the patient is agitated and confused, and has multiple injuries from an altercation. Which of the following choices is the most appropriate first treatment priority? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A) Blood glucose determination B) Correction of possible hypoxia C) Full immobilization to a backboard D) Obtain intravenous access - correct answer ✅B) Correction of possible hypoxia