PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023, Exams of Nursing

Download PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Deterioration of ventilation and oxygenation after inflation of a PASG in a patient who has sustained a high-pressure compression injury of the abdomen, such as a sudden deceleration with the lap belt placed across the abdomen, most likely represents which of the following injuries? A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm B. Ruptured diaphragm C. Ruptured esophagus D. "Paper bag" syndrome of the lungs - correct answer ✅B. Ruptured diaphragm Pregnant trauma patients should be placed on the left side because: A. This prevents seizures due to eclampsia B. This prevents abruption of the placenta C. This prevents compression of the vena cava D. This is the best way to auscultate fetal heart tones - correct answer ✅C. This prevents compression of the vena cava PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 The displacement of tissue away from the path of a projectile, both temporarily and permanently, is known as: A. Conization B. Cavitation C. Crepitation D. Contusion - correct answer ✅B. Cavitation The single most important factor in determining the potential for injury due to energy exchange is: A. Mass of the bodies involved B. Velocity of the bodies involved C. Density of the tissues involved D. Surface area of the impact involved - correct answer ✅B. Velocity of the bodies involved In the management of shock, isotonic crystalloid solutions, such as Ringer's, are preferred because: PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C. Golden era D. Golden minutes - correct answer ✅A. Golden period (hour) In the absence of extenuating circumstances, the maximum amount of time it should take to identify and manage immediate threats to life, prepare the patient for transport and begin transport is ? A. 5 minutes B. 10 minutes C. 15 minutes D. 30 minutes - correct answer ✅B. 10 minutes In which of the following situations is the use of a short spinal immobilization device indicated? A. 28 year old male, unrestrained driver in a frontal impact crash. Awake, asks repeatedly what happened, complains of a headache, has a hematoma on his forehead. BP 122/84, HR 92, VR 20. PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 B. 40 year old female who was pushed down a flight of stairs and is lying prone on the landing between two flights of stairs, complaining of back pain. BP 118/78, HR 100, VR 20. C. 17 year old female, restrained driver in a frontal impact crash. Awake, pale and diaphoretic, complains of upper right quadrant abdominal pain. BP 100/70, HR 108, VR 20. D. None of the above - correct answer ✅D. None of the above Your patient is a 32 year old man, restrained driver of a vehicle that has been involved in a frontal impact with a concrete bridge abutment. The patient is awake, but has difficulty answering questions due to shortness of breath. His ventilatory rate is 30 per minute. Of the following choices, when is the first time the patient's breath sounds should be checked? A. As soon as he is removed from the vehicle B. Prior to being removed from the vehicle C. As soon as he is immobilized on a long backboard D. Enroute to the trauma center - correct answer ✅B. Prior to being removed from the vehicle PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C. Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway D. Retrograde endotracheal intubation - correct answer ✅C. Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway Pericardial tamponade is most likely to occur in which of the following situations? A. Stab wound to the chest B. Fall from a height C. Frontal impact vehicle crash D. Gunshot wound to the chest - correct answer ✅A. Stab wound to the chest Which of the following is the preferred site for needle decompression of a tension pneumothorax? A. 4th intercostal space, midclavicular line, just over the top of the 5th rib B. 4th intercostal space, midclavicular line, just below the 4th rib C. 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line, just over top of the 3rd rib PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 D. 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line, just below the 2nd rib - correct answer ✅C. 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line, just over top of the 3rd rib Which of the following is the mechanism by which pulmonary contusion interferes with oxygenation? A. Inability to generate negative intrapleural pressure B. Decrease in vital capacity due to collapse of the flail segment C. Increased intrathoracic pressure D. Blood and fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lung - correct answer ✅D. Blood and fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lung Your patient is a 55 year old male who was struck in the right side of the chest with a piece of steel pipe. He presents with uncooperative behavior, his skin is pale and moist, the ventilatory rate is 32, there is a weak radial pulse of 112, and breath sounds are decreased on the right side. The trachea is midline and jugular veins are flat while the patient is supine. There is isolated crepitus over the 4th and 5th ribs in the midaxillary line on the patient's right side. Based on the mechanism of injury and the assessment findings, which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient's signs and symptoms? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. Tension pneumothorax B. Simple pneumothorax C. Pulmonary contusion D. Hemothorax - correct answer ✅D. Hemothorax Which of the following is NOT a component of the Fick Principle? A. Adequate number of platelets in the blood PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which is the most important reason to maintain an open airway in the trauma patient? A) Prevents aspiration and pneumonia B) Prevents hypoxemia and hypercarbia C) Prevents snoring respirations D) Prevents the tongue from blocking the pharynx - correct answer ✅B) Prevents hypoxemia and hypercarbia Essential airway skills include manual clearing of the airway, manual maneuvers, suctioning and which of the following? A) Dual lumen airway B) Endotracheal intubation C) Laryngeal mask airway D) Oropharyngeal airway - correct answer ✅D) Oropharyngeal airway Your patient is a middle aged male who crashed his motorcycle. He is unresponsive. After opening the airway using a modified jaw thrust, you note PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 the patient has respirations at a rate of 6. Auscultation reveals breath sounds are absent on the left side. Which of the following is the most appropriate next intervention? A) Apply a non-rebreather mask B) Begin ventilation with a BVM C) Insert an endotracheal tube D) Perform a needle decompression - correct answer ✅B) Begin ventilation with a BVM Which best describes shock? A) Decreased Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) B) Flushed, dry, hot skin combined with bradycardia C) Generalized inadequate tissue perfusion D) Low blood pressure combined with tachycardia - correct answer ✅C) Generalized inadequate tissue perfusion PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Your patient has a deep laceration to his antecubital fossa with significant bleeding. What is the most appropriate initial action? A) Apply a tourniquet B) Apply direct pressure C) Initiate rapid transport D) Restore blood volume - correct answer ✅B) Apply direct pressure Hypotension of unknown etiology in a trauma patient should be assumed to result from which of the following? A) Blood loss B) Cardiac tamponade C) Spinal injury D) Tension pneumothorax - correct answer ✅A) Blood loss Which assessment is most beneficial in differentiating hemorrhagic shock from neurogenic shock in the prehospital setting? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which of the following is a key finding that differentiates cardiac tamponade from tension pneumothorax? A) Distended jugular veins B) Equal breath sounds C) Hypotension D) Tachycardia - correct answer ✅B) Equal breath sounds Your patient is a 20 year old male who struck his head on a teammate's knee while diving to catch a football. He was not wearing a helmet. He demonstrates decerebrate posturing and has a GCS score of 4. His heart rate is 58, blood pressure 180/102 and his left pupil is dilated. What is the best ventilation rate to use when managing this patient? A) 10 breaths per minute. B) 20 breaths per minute. C) 30 breaths per minute. D) 35 breaths per minute. - correct answer ✅B) 20 breaths per minute PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A 20 year old female was ejected from her vehicle during a high speed roll-over motor vehicle collision. She has significant bleeding from a large laceration. Your initial assessment reveals a GCS score of 7, systolic blood pressure of 70 mm Hg and pupils that are equal but respond sluggishly to light. After establishing two large bore IV lines, you should titrate the infusion rate to achieve a target blood pressure of at least A) 60 mm Hg. B) 70 mm Hg. C) 80 mm Hg. D) 90 mm Hg. - correct answer ✅D) 90 mm Hg. Which of the following is the preferred prehospital wound management for a patient with a 36% body surface area flame burn? A) Cool moist dressings B) Dry sterile dressings C) Elastic bandages D) Topical ointments - correct answer ✅B) Dry sterile dressings PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 The most immediate life threatening condition resulting from injury to solid abdominal organs is which of the following? A) Acute respiratory failure B) Hemorrhage. C) Multiple organ failure. D) Peritonitis - correct answer ✅B) Hemorrhage. An adult male sustained a deep laceration to his distal thigh. Bright red blood is spurting from the wound. Direct pressure is not controlling the bleeding. What is the most appropriate next step? A) Apply a topical hemostatic agent and transport B) Apply a tourniquet and tighten it until bleeding stops C) Elevate the leg and apply pressure to the femoral artery D) Maintain direct pressure and transport immediately - correct answer ✅B) Apply a tourniquet and tighten it until bleeding stops PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which of the following assessment techniques is least useful in the prehospital assessment of the patient with suspected intraabdominal trauma? A. Palpation B. Auscultation C. Inspection D. Scene assessment - correct answer ✅B. Auscultation Survival of the fetus in a trauma situation is most dependent upon which of the following factors? PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. Gestational age of the fetus B. Prenatal care C. Immediate cesarean section D. Good resuscitation of the mother - correct answer ✅D. Good resuscitation of the mother A patient struck in the back of the head with a baseball bat may sustain a cerebral contusion to which area of the brain? A. Frontal and occipital B. Occipital C. Parietal D. Frontal - correct answer ✅B. Occipital (probably too low velocity for Coup & Contre Coup) In the context of the caring for an adult patient with traumatic brain injury who is deteriorating and exhibiting signs of herniation, hyperventilation means ventilating with a BVM and 100% oxygen at a rate of: PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A. 12 to 16 per minute B. 32 to 40 per minute C. 8 to 12 per minute D. 20 per minute - correct answer ✅D. 20 In the United State, which of the following mechanisms most frequently causes spinal cord injury in adults? A. Shallow water diving B. Vehicle crashes C. Falls D. Pedestrian struck by a vehicle - correct answer ✅B. Vehicle crashes Which of the following presentation indicate spinal cord injury? A. Complete loss of sensory and motor function below the site of injury B. Weakness and parethesia in the upper extremities, but normal function in the lower extremities PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 In assessing the hypothermic patient in the prehospital setting, the most reliable indicator of the severity of hypothermia is: A. Rectal temperature B. Oral temperature C. Heart rate < 60 D. Presence or absence of shivering - correct answer ✅A. Rectal temperature In the normal child, which general statement is most accurate in comparison with the adult patient? A. Blood pressure is higher, hear rate is higher, and ventilatory rate is higher B. Blood pressure is lower, heart rate is lower, and ventilatory rate is higher C. Blood pressure is lower, heart rate is higher, and ventilatory rate is higher D. Blood pressure is lower, heart rate is higher, and ventilatory rate is lowe - correct answer ✅C. Blood pressure is lower, heart rate is higher, and ventilatory rate is higher PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 A patient who withdraws from painful stimuli, opens eyes on verbal command, and cannot speak because of intubation has a Glasgow Coma Scale of which of the following: A. 8 B. 8T C. 7 D. 7T - correct answer ✅B. 8T (E-3, V-T, M-4) The earliest site for intraosseous infusion is: A. Anterior tibia, just above the tibial tuberosity B. Anterior fibula C. Anterior tibia, just below the tibial tuberosity D. Posterior fibula - correct answer ✅C. Anterior tibia, just below the tibial tuberosity PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 Which of the following behaviors is the most reliable indication of confusion in the elderly trauma patient? A. Inability to recall his/her name B. Inability to recall the day of the week C. Inability to identify his/her present location when out of his/her normal residence D. Focus on repeated retelling of events that occurred years ago - correct answer ✅A. Inability to recall his/her name In the elderly trauma patient a high index of suspicion for shock should occur beginning when the systolic blood pressure is less than: A. 90 mmHg B. 150 mmHg C. 120 mmHg D. 100 mmHg - correct answer ✅C. 120 mmHg PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C. EMTs must work only under on-line medical direction when caring for trauma patients D. EMTs are capable of working independently of medical direction - correct answer ✅B. EMTs are capable of sound patient care judgment, given an adequate knowledge base Which of the following warrants classification of a patient as a critical trauma patient? A. An extremity fracture B. Preexisting major medical problem C. Bleeding from the nose D. Deployment of air bags in a motor vehicle crash - correct answer ✅B. Preexisting major medical problem Which of the following is the foundation of effective trauma care? A. Protocols permitting invasive airway procedures B. The ability to administer large amounts of crystalloid fluids PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C. The ability to quickly locate and manage life-threatening and potentially life- threatening injuries D. Effective spinal immobilization skills - correct answer ✅C. The ability to quickly locate and manage life-threatening and potentially life- threatening injuries You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a vehicle struck a tree. Which is the best indicator of potential injury? A. Circumference of the vehicle B. Diameter of the tree C. Mass of the vehicle D. Speed of the vehicle - correct answer ✅D. Speed of the vehicle The potential for death or serious injury is greatest in which of the following motor vehicle collisions? A) Down and under B) Ejection from vehicle PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023 C) Lateral compression D) Up and over - correct answer ✅B) Ejection from vehicle Bilateral femur fractures are most often associated with which type of motorcycle crash? A) Angular impact B) Bike-road impact C) Head-on impact D) Rear impact - correct answer ✅C) Head-on impact Which is the preferred fluid for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in the prehospital setting? A) 5% dextrose in water B) 7.5% hypertonic saline C) Hetastarch D) Lactated Ringer's - correct answer ✅D) Lactated Ringer's PHTLS Pre & Post Test (75 Questions and Answers Correct& Verified) Latest 2023