PHTLS Test: Principles and Practices of Trauma Care, Exams of Psychology

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PHTLS Test

Care of the trauma patient in the field is an involving science and should be evidence-based. As lifelong learners, we must be prepared to adapt our practices based on research. This is because research may lead to which of the following? - Change in our current practices In trauma care, a Principle is defined as which of the following? - What needs to be done In addition to oxygen what is required to maintain the metabolic processes of life and energy production? - Glucose You respond for a patient who is sustained a GSW to the right upper thorax he is barely responsive, pale, and diaphoretic which of the following is most appropriate for transport? - Scoop stretcher Units responding to a motor vehicle accident on the highway should consider which of the following as part of their pre-arrival assessment? - Weather conditions The most appropriate for airway maneuver for trauma patients as which of the following? - Trauma jaw thrust Endotracheal intubation is a technique that requires which of the following? - Substantial training to maintain proficiency Which of the following indicates that a trauma patient is having trouble breathing? - The patient breathing is noticeable The patient presents with a blunt trauma injury to the chest. On exam, he has absent breath sounds on the one side of his chest and respiratory distress which additional sign would indicate that the patient has a tension pneumothorax? - Hemodynamic compromise In addition to direct pressure, tourniquets and immobilizing fractures, which of the following is most effective by controlling hemorrhage - Hemostatic agents Which of the following is a preventable cause of secondary brain injury? - Systemic hypoxia You're call to treat a patient who was knocked unconscious when he slipped and fell on a wet floor striking his head. it is now several hours later he is awake but confused, does not recall the incident, and is vomiting with a headache. which of the following injuries is most likely? - Concussion Which of the following findings indicate the need for immobilization when using a selective spinal immobilization protocol? -

Pain or tenderness along the spine Which of the following patients should be treated first in a blast-related multiple patients situation?

• A 30-year-old female with altered level of consciousness and decreased capillary refill Excessive fluid resuscitation of the trauma patient can result in which of the following? - Increased blood loss When should the secondary survey be accomplished? - When the time and situation allow When approaching a trauma patient what is the first thing must be made? - Scene safety What is the most common type of shock resulting from trauma? - Hemorrhagic Which of the following best guides the decision to provide spinal immobilization? - History and complaint A 38 male sustained a large wound to his right thigh while at work what are the following actions is the most important initial step? - Hemorrhage control A patient who sustained extensive blunt trauma to his trunk has absent lung sounds on the right, marked respiratory distress, tachycardia and hypertension. What is the most appropriate intervention? - Needle decompression The prehospital assessment of the trauma patient begins of which of the following? - Information provided by the dispatcher EMS response for patient valve in a motor vehicle versus car collision. The patient is unresponsive with vital signs of BP 82/palpitation, are our 24, pulse 128. What is the most likely type of shock? - Hypovolemic Which of the following best describes shock? - A state of inadequate energy production/ low perfusion What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in the unconscious trauma patient? - Tongue While caring for a patient who was involved in an altercation, he vomits and his airways totally obstructed with vomitus and blood. What is the maximum amount of time that you can suction his airway? - Until his airways clear When energy produced by cells occurs during the state of inadequate oxygenation, it is referred to as which of the following conditions? - Anaerobic metabolism

Which of the following signs of shock is not found during the primary survey? - Low blood pressure measurement EMS response for a patient who has sustained a blunt injury to the head. She had a period of consciousness followed by a brief period of consciousness and then became unresponsive just as EMS arrived. Based solely on this information, what is the most likely injury? - Epidural hematoma Inadvertent hyperventilation of a patient with suspected traumatic brain injury may lead to which complication? - Cerebral vasoconstriction Spinal cord injuries can lead to hypotension due to which of the following physiologic changes? - Vasodilation below the level of injury Which subset of patients compensates for blood loss the longest? - Pediatrics A 55-year-old male is found unconscious after being assaulted. Assessment reveals snoring respirations, bradypnea, facial swelling, and unequal pupils. What is the most appropriate first step?

• Jaw thrust maneuver What is the best method for confirming proper placement of an endotracheal tube in a trauma patient that has a palpable pulse? - Capnography Which best describes the goal of airway management? - Provide for adequate exchange of oxygen and CO What is most likely source of hemorrhage in a patient with unexplainable signs of shock? - Intra-abdominal injury Which of the following organs are most sensitive to hypotension? - Brain After falling from the third story at a construction site, a 27-year-old male is found in contrast with unequal pupils and a regular respirations. Which of the following is most appropriate rate of ventilations? - 20 BPM After falling from The high bar, a gymnast has loss of senstation from the nipples down what area of the spine is most likely damage? - T What is the most important physical finding a patient with a suspected traumatic brain injury? - Abnormal levels of consciousness Prehospital the writers respond to a male patient lying on the ground after being struck by a high- speed motor vehicle. The patient is apneic and pulseless. What is the most appropriate action? - Declare the patient dead....(This was the actual answer on the test...)

EMS response and adult barista who spilled a cup of hot coffee and sustained partial thickness burns to the abdomen and right leg. The patient ran cool water over the branch which of the following interventions is most appropriate next up? - Cover burn area with dry sterile dressing's Prehospital providers have treated a sucking chest wound with an occlusive dressing. During transport to the hospital, the patient developed increasing respiratory distress with increased respirations and absent lung sounds are noted on repeat auscultation. What is the most appropriate next intervention? - Remove the occlusive dressing EMS arrived on scene and finds a emergency medical responder to immobilize a pediatric patient onto a long backboard. They know that the patient's head is in a flex position. Which of the following actions is most appropriate? - Place padding under the patients torso What is the most common cause of death from trauma patients over 75 years of age? - Falls Which of the following is the earliest signs of deterioration in a patient with a flail chest? - respiratory rate increase EMS is treating an unrestrained driver of an automobile involved in a high-speed crash who struck his chest against the steering column. Prehospital providers no paradoxical movement of a portion of the patient's chest wall. The patient's respiratory rate is 16 and oxygen saturation is 94%. What is the most appropriate action? - Provide supplemental oxygen and observe Prehospital providers respond we 16-year-old male who punched a glass window and sustained a large laceration to his arm that is bleeding heavily. He is restless, diaphoretic and was a weak, 30 pulse. What is the most appropriate action? - Apply direct pressure In addition to using appropriately sized equipment, frequently reassessing the patient, employing age-appropriate Imobilization techniques, prehospital providers should do which of the following when managing pediatric patients? - Preserve body heat Which of the following is a golden principle of trauma care? - Provide adequate pain relief