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PLTW Biomed Final Exam With 100%
Correct And Verified Answers
anemia - Correct Answer-a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells blood plasma - Correct Answer-pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of water and dissolved consituents erythrocytes - Correct Answer-aka red blood cells, hemoglobin-carrying cells that carry oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of the vertebrate blood leukocytes - Correct Answer-aka white blood cells, colorless, lack of hemoglobin, and help prevent infection hematocrit - Correct Answer-percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red blood cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma sickle cell disease - Correct Answer-homozygous gene hemoglobin S, destruction of red blood cells by episodic blocking and dis form the shape of cells thrombocytes - Correct Answer-aka platelets, assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and damaged epithelium formula for hematocrit - Correct Answer-blood cells divided by total, times 100 amino acid - Correct Answer-an organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins anticodon - Correct Answer-a triplet nucleotide bases in tRNA that identifies the amino acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in mRNA during protein synthesis codon - Correct Answer-a three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal, basic unit of a genetic code hydrophilic - Correct Answer-having an affinity for water hydrophobic - Correct Answer-having an aversion for water, tending to coalesce and form droplets in water messenger RNA - Correct Answer-a type of RNA synthesized from DNA and attached to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein mutation - Correct Answer-a rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity
nucleotide - Correct Answer-building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group protein - Correct Answer-a three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids protein synthesis - Correct Answer-the creation of a protein from a DNA template ribonucleic acid RNA - Correct Answer-type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. single stranded, functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses ribosome - Correct Answer-a cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm, consists of ribosomal RNA and protein molecules transcription - Correct Answer-the synthesis of RNA on a DNA template translation - Correct Answer-the synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule, there is a change of language from nucleotides to amino acids transfer RNA - Correct Answer-an RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA allele - Correct Answer-any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus autosome - Correct Answer-a chromosome that is not directly involved on determining sex, as opposed to a sex chromosome chromosme - Correct Answer-any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus thy contain the genetic material dominant trait - Correct Answer-a genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a persons who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait gene - Correct Answer-a discrete unit of hereditary information genetic material - Correct Answer-molecules responsible for heredity and variation of organisms genotype - Correct Answer-all or part of the genetic constitution of an individual of group
cell - Correct Answer-the smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently inferior vena cava - Correct Answer-a vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm mitral/ bicuspid valve - Correct Answer-a valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle; prevents blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium pulmonary circulation - Correct Answer-the passage of venous blood from the right atrium of the heart through the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries to the lungs where it is oxygenated and its return via the pulmonary wins to enter the left atria, and participate in systemic circulation superior vena cava - Correct Answer-a vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body systemic circulation - Correct Answer-the branch of the circulatory system that applies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins tissue - Correct Answer-an integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both tricuspid valve - Correct Answer-a valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but consists of three triangular membranous flaps valve - Correct Answer-a body structure that temporarily closes a passage or permits movement of fluid in only one direction vein - Correct Answer-a vessel that returns blood to the heart atrioventricular node - Correct Answer-a specialized mass of conducting cells located at the atrioventricular junction in the heart blood pressure - Correct Answer-pressure exerted by the blood upon the walls of the loos vessels especially arteries, usually measured by means of a sphygmomanometer and expressed in millimeters of mercury cardiology - Correct Answer-the study of the heart and it action and disease diastole - Correct Answer-a stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle is relaxed, allowing the chambers to fill with good
diastolic pressure - Correct Answer-blood pressure that remains between heart contractions electrocardiogram - Correct Answer-a measurement of heart electrical activity heart rate - Correct Answer-a measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute hypertension - Correct Answer-an abnormally high blood pressure pacemaker - Correct Answer-an electrical device for stimulating or steadying the heartbeat or reestablishing the rhythm of an arrested heart pulse - Correct Answer-a rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction; can be felt from the outside of the body sinoatrial/ s-a/ sinus node - Correct Answer-a smal mass of tissue that is made up of Purkinje fibers, ganglion cells, and nerve fibers, that is embedded in the musculature of the right atrium, and that originates the impulses stimulating the heartbeat sphygmomanometer - Correct Answer-an instrument for measuring blood pressure and especially arterial blood pressure systole - Correct Answer-the stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle contracts and the chambers pump blood systolic pressure - Correct Answer-the pressure generated by the left ventricle during systole atherosclerosis - Correct Answer-changes in the walls of large arteries consisting of lipid deposits on the artery walls cholesterol - Correct Answer-a lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biology important steroids electrophoresis - Correct Answer-the movement of suspended particles through a fluid or gel under the action of an electromotive force applied to electrodes i contact with the suspension familial hypercholesterolemia - Correct Answer-a metabolic disorder that is caused by defective or absent receptors for LDL's on cell surfaces, that is marked by an increase in blood plasm LDL's and by an accumulation of LDL's in the body resulting in an increased risk of heart attack and coronary heart disease, and that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait
stenting - Correct Answer-a surgical procedure or operation for inserting a stent, a mold designed to keep a passageway open, into an anatomical vessel stroke - Correct Answer-sudden loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluptuary motion caused by rupture or obstruction of a blood vessel of the brain antibody - Correct Answer-an antigen-binding immunoglobin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response aseptic technique - Correct Answer-a procedure performed under sterile conditions bacillus - Correct Answer-a cylindrical or rod-shaped bacterium bacteria - Correct Answer-single celled microorganisms that are often aggregated into colonies or motile by means of flagella, typically live in soil, water, organic matter, are usually autotrophic and are noted for their biochemical effects and pathogenicity b lymphocyte (b-cells) - Correct Answer-a type of lymphocyte that develops in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies coccus - Correct Answer-a spherical bacterium contagious - Correct Answer-communicable by contact fungus - Correct Answer-saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeast gram stain - Correct Answer-a method for the differential staining of bacteria that involves fixing the bacterial cells to a slide and staining with crystal violet and iodine, then washing with alcohol, and counterstaining with safranin helminth - Correct Answer-a parasitic worm immunity - Correct Answer-a condition of being able to resist a particular disease, especially through preventing development of pathogenic microorganisms or by counteracting the effects of its products infection - Correct Answer-the state produced by the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host microbiology - Correct Answer-a branch of biology dealing especially with micro specific forms of life phagocyte - Correct Answer-a cell that engulfs and consumes foreign material and debris
prion - Correct Answer-any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of normal cellular proteins, that proliferate by inducing the normal protein to convert to the abnormal form, and that in mammals include pathogenic forms protozoan - Correct Answer-any protists of the phylum or subkingdom protozoa spirillum - Correct Answer-a spiral-shaped bacterium t lymphocyte (t-cells) - Correct Answer-a type of lymphocyte responsible for cell- mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus
