Portage Learning Microbiology Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-(2023-2024), Exams of Microbiology

Download Portage Learning Microbiology Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-(2023-2024) and more Exams Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! Portage Learning Microbiology Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023-2024 Exam Page 1 Answer Key 1. True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism. False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses. 2. What is the smallest biological unit of life? A cell. 3. At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what? Macromolecules* *A student may also answer: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides but they must answer with all four to be fully correct. Exam Page 2 1. Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all that apply. A. Animalia B. Plantae C. Fungi D. Protista Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista are all eukarya. 2. True of False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotrophic. True 3. Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting _____ energy into _______ energy. light; chemical Answer Key 1. Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all that apply. A. Animalia B. Plantae C. Fungi D. ProtistaA,B,C,D 2. True or False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotrophic. True 3. Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting _____ energy into _______ energy. Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars) Exam Page 3 Answer Key 1. Define anabolism. Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from small molecular units into much larger complexes. 2. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be active? Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids. Therefore, the process described (proteins into amino acids) is the breakdown, or catabolism of protein. Exam Page 4 Answer Key 1. In phosphorylation, the light reactions always occur where? The process of converting light energy into chemical energy (photophosphorylation) always occurs in the membrane. 2. True or False: The Calvin cycle must occur in the absence of light. False. The term ‘dark reactions’ (also known as the Calvin Cycle) simply denotes the second stage in photosynthesis—dark reactions do not actually require darkness in order to occur. Exam Page 5 1. Assuming a constant (non-adjustable) light source power, identify the part of the microscope you would adjust to limit the amount of light entering the microscope. Select all that apply. A. Objective B. Condenser C. Iris diaphragm D. Eye piece B 2. True or False. Staphylococcus is the only causative agent of conjunctivitis. False. There are bacterial (staph) and viral forms of conjunctivitis, both resulting in the inflammation of the conjunctiva and ‘pink eye.’ Exam Page 10 Answer Key 1. True or False. Although there is no cure for tetanus, it can be prevented through vaccination. True. There is no cure for tetanus. However, tetanus is entirely preventable through vaccination. 2. Describe the symptoms and treatment regimen for someone infected with Clostridium perfringens. Clostridium perfringens (also known as Gas gangrene) presents with muscle necrosis, swelling of infected areas, fever and intense gas production. Treatment entails removal of all infected tissue, often resulting in amputation of the affected areas, in conjunction with heavy antibiotic therapies. 3. Why does the alpha toxin (perfringolysin) produced during an infection of gas gangrene cause cell death? The toxin perforates the membrane. It forms pores in the plasma membrane of host cells resulting in uncontrolled ion fluxes and eventually cell lysis and death. Exam Page 11 Answer Key 1. The envelope surrounds the _________ of some viruses. Capsid. 2. True or False. You would expect to see a viral envelope on a virus infecting a bacterial cell. False. The overwhelming majority of animal viruses are enveloped whereas the majority of plant or bacteria-infecting viruses are not. 3. Rank the following viruses based on their size from largest to smallest: Paramyxovirus Poliovirus Smallpox virus Smallpox (~200nm) > Paramyxovirus (100-150nm) > Poliovirus (~30nm) Exam Page 12 Answer Key 1. What linear, double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus is the first virus (as of Oct. 26, 1977) to be officially declared eradicated? Smallpox (Variola virus). Although once a major cause of death in the world, a smallpox vaccine was developed in 1796 by Edward Jenner. Global vaccination efforts have prevented smallpox from appearing in humans since October 26, 1977, making smallpox the first infectious disease ever to be eradicated. 2. What small (~30nm) single-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus targets the CNS (central nervous system), causing potentially catastrophic damage to motor neurons? Polio, also known as poliomyelitis. 3. By whom and where was the first Polio vaccine developed? Jonas Salk and his research team developed the polio vaccine at the University of Pittsburgh in 1955. 4. Which subtype of Influenza is the most virulent? Influenza A. Powered by TC PDF ( www.tcpdf.org)