PORTAGE LEARNING NUTRITION FINAL EXAM 2024 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED BY, Exams of Nursing

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PORTAGE LEARNING NUTRITION

FINAL EXAM 2024 QUESTIONS WITH

CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED BY

EXPERTS

___________ is the internal drive often experienced as a negative sensation. ____________ is the external drive often related to pleasant sensations associated with food and can lead us to eat even if we are not hungry. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hunger, Appetite How many kcal/g in protein? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>4 kcal/g How many kcal/g in fat? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>9 kcal/g How many kcal/g in carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>4 kcal/g Which structure in the brain stimulates hunger or satiety based on nutrient levels in the blood? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The hypothalamus _________________is when an adequate amount of nutrients and calories is being consumed to meet their needs without over or under eating. This is associated with reduced risk of disease. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Desirable Nutrition ____________________ is the excess consumption of calories, fats, saturated fats and cholesterol which increase the risk for chronic disease. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Overnutrition ___________________ occurs when nutrient intake does not meet nutrient needs and over time health begins to decline. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Undernutrition What are the three concepts illustrated by myplate? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Balance, moderation, and variety What are the three dietary principles of the Dietary Guidelines? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. Consume Nutrient-dense foods

2. Eat a variety of foods
3. Monitor portion size What are the four external forces that influence our eating habits and patterns - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sensory, Cognitive, environmental and health status Which 3 of the 6 classes of nutrients provide energy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Carbs, fats, and protein

Which 4 of the 6 classes of nutrients provide structure? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Protein, fats, minerals and water What is the primary hormone that triggers hunger and where is it produced? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ghrelin, stomach What to the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Anthropometrics Biochemical Clinical Dietary Environment How many kcal/g in alcohol? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>7 kcal/g Which hormone that causes a feeling of satiety and where is it produced? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Leptin, adipose tissue What three hormones increase hunger? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ghrelin, endorphins and y-neuropeptide What three hormones decrease hunger? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Leptin, Serotonin, and cholecystokinin Which 5 of the 6 classes of nutrients regulate body processes? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Proteins, fat, vitamins, minerals and water _____ and _____ are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North America. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Taste, texture Nutrition is the science that links foods to _____ and ______. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Health, disease Hunger is considered a _____________ drive. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Internal Appetite is considered a _____________ drive. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>External What are the three types of fats? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids Vitamins contain both ____ and ____ forms. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fat, water The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree Celsius describes what? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Kilocalorie

Foods that contain a lot of calories but have little to no nutritional value are considered to contain ________ _______. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Empty Calories According to MyPlate, _______ and _________ should make up 50% of the plate. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fruits and Veggies What are the four health claims made on nutrition labels? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Health claim, Preliminary health claim, Nutrient Claim, Structure/function claim A claim on a nutrition label that is regulated by the FDA and describes the food as "low sodium" or "low fat" is what type of claim? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Nutrient Claim A claim on a nutrition label that is regulated by the FDA and has significant scientific evidence that links the food with a reduced risk of a disease is what kind of claim? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Health Claim A claim on a nutrition label that is regulated by the FDA but a scientific link to the food and a reduced risk of a disease has not bee conclusively made yet is what kind of claim? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preliminary health claim A claim on a nutrition label that is NOT regulated by the FDA and does not have to be any scientific evidence to back up the claim, nor does it have to be valid, is what type of claim? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Structure/function Claim Which type of fiber can be broken down by the GI Tract and is known to decrease glucose absorption? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Soluble Fiber Where in the GI tract is bile utilized to break down fat? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Small intestine What are the three monosaccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Glucose, Fructose, Galactose What two monosaccharides make up lactose? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>glucose and galactose What two monosaccharides make up Sucrose? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>glucose and fructose What two monosaccharides make up maltose? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>glucose and glucose What is the function of the esophageal sphincter? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>controls movement of food between esophagus and stomach

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>regulates the release of chyme into the duodenum What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>allows material to pass form the ilium to the cecum What are the four accessory organ that assist with digestion? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Liver, gallbladder, pancreas and salivary glands Which lipoprotein delivers cholesterol to cells and is considered the "bad cholesterol"? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Low density Lipoprotein (LDL) Which lipoprotein delivers lipids to the liver and dietary fat from the small intestine to the cells? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chylomicron Which lipoprotein carry the lipids from the liver to the cell? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Very Low Density Lipoprotein Which lipoprotein carry the cholesterol from cells for removal via the liver? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>High Density Lipoprotein Which type of fiber is added to food to improve intestinal health? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Functional fiber Animal produces are considers what type of protein? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Complete What is it called when several plant proteins are combined? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Complementary Lechithin is an example of what type of lipid? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sterol What are the two names for fiber that cannot be broken down by the intestines? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Insoluble, nonfermentable When blood sugar is high, __________ is released into the blood causing cells to take up glucose from the blood. When blood sugar is low, _____________ is released into the blood which breaks down glycogen and releases glucose into the blood. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Insulin, glucagon What is the function of intrinsic factor? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>aids in vitamin B absorption What is the function of gastrin? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Increases the amount of gastric acid in the stomach

What is excess sugar stored as in the liver? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Glycogen Which enzyme digests starch and where is it produced? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>amylase, pancreas What enzymes digests proteins and where are each produced? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pepsin, stomach Trypsin, pancreas What enzyme digests fats and where is it produced? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Lipase, pancreas The central nervous system prefers to use glucose for energy, but if it is unavailable, the CNS can use _______. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ketones _________________ amino acids can be manufactured, derived, or converted by the body. ______________ amino acids must consumed in the diet as our bodies cannot naturally synthesize them. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Nonessential, Essential How many nonessential amino acids are there? How many essential amino acids are there? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>11, 9 What term describes the state when protein intake is equivalent to the amount of protein lost? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Protein equilibrium A disease of chronic malnutrition during childhood, in which a protein deficiency makes the child more vulnerable to other diseases, such as measles, diarrhea, and influenza. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Kwashiorkor A disease of severe protein-calorie malnutrition during early infancy, in which growth stops, body tissues waste away, and the infant eventually dies. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Marasmus _____________ ______________ estimates a person's energy requirements by measuring the heat produced in a sealed chamber - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Direct calorimetry What are the 4 ways to measure body fat composition? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Underwater weighing, Bioelectrical impedance, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, Anthropometrics What type of obesity is typically found in males? What body shape is associated with this particular obesity? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Android, apple What type of obesity is typically found in females?

What body shape is associated with this particular obesity? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Gynoid, pear What hip=to=waist ratio is considered at risk for men? Woman? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Men: 0.9, Woman: 0. ___________ _______________ estimates a person's energy requirements by Comparing the amount of oxygen consumed with the amount of carbon dioxide expired

• CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Indirect calorimetry What are the general calories consumption recommendations for men? Women? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Men: 1500, women: 1200 Which Populations should not utilize BMI Measurements? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Children, teens, pregnant women, breast feeding women, short stature adults, very muscular individuals and the elderly ___________ energy balance occurs if more energy (calories) are consumed than expended, whereas ___________ energy balance occurs if fewer calories are consumed than are expended. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>> _____% of our energy expenditure is from physical activity, ______% of our energy expenditure is from the thermic effect of food and a _____ amount is used for Thermogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER>>>> What is the BMI formula? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>weight (kg) / height (m^2) _________ is the influence of genetic factors that play a role in body composition. ___________ is the influence of environmental factors that play a role in body composition. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Nature, nuture _____ _______ __________ states that each of us has a genetically predetermined body weight and that the body will resist change beyond this set point. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Set Point Theory _______________ is an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy. ______________ is an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout adulthood. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hyperplasia, hypertrophy Current recommendations are for ______-_______ minutes of activity per day for adults. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>60- 90 What are the three categories of physical activity? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Resistance training, Aerobic exercise and stretching

___________ ____________ involves breaking the tie that connects two or more behaviors that encourage overeating. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chain Breaking ___________________ ____________________ is finding ways to avoid temptation when we are hungry or bored. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Stimulus control __________________ ________________ involves changing your frame of mind regarding food - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cognitive restructuring ____________________ ____________________ involves preparing for situations that might trigger over eating such as a party or donuts at the office. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Contingency Management _________________ involves keeping a diary for several days, recording what you eat, when you eat it, how you felt and where you were when you ate. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Self-monitoring What are the four types of fad diets? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Moderate calorie restriction, carbohydrate focused, low-fat, or novelty What are the three keys to weight loss and maintenance? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Controlling calories, physical activity, and behavior modification What are 3 drastic weight loss measures that can be taken if an individual has a BMI of

30, or >27 with co-morbid health risks. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Medications, Extremely low-calorie diet, and Surgery How do bariatric surgeries produce rapid weight loss results? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>They reduce the size of the stomach What are the 3 bariatric surgeries that are available? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Gastric balloon, Gastroplasty, Gastric Banding What vitamin can be consumed to help the body absorb more iron? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin C

How can you eat maximize the amount of iron absorb from nonheme Iron? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin C and Heme iron What are the water soluble vitamins? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>B vitamins and vitamin C A ________________ is a molecule that bind to an inactive enzyme thus activating it - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Coenzyme

_____________ is the degree to which a nutrient is absorbed and available for use by the body - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Bioavailibility What are the eight B vitamins? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Thiamin (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine (B6), folate and B What condition can result from thiamin deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Beriberi What condition can result from riboflavin deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ariboflavinosis What condition can result from niacin deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pellagra What are the four D's of pellagra? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Dementia, Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Death What condition can be treated with niacin? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>High cholesterol What vitamin deficiency can cause microcytic hypochromic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pyridoxine What conditions can result from taking excess amounts of pyridoxine? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hand and foot numbness, irreversible nerve damage What condition can result from a deficiency of folate and B12? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Megaloblastic (Macrocytic) Anemia Folate deficiency during pregnancy can result in ________ _________ __________ in the fetus. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Neural Tube Defects What two conditions can result from Neural Tube Defects? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Anencephaly and spina bifida What vitamin deficiency can result in pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>B What are the 4 functions of vitamin C? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Collagen synthesis, Antioxidant, Iron absorption, Immunity by reducing symptoms of a cold What vitamins are made by the body? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin D, K, biotin and Nicain and Vitamin A precursors ______-soluble vitamins are dissolved in water then absorbed into the bloodstream and have limited storage. ________-soluble vitamins are absorbed via fat and can be stored. _____-soluble vitiamins are most likely to be toxic in excess. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Water, Fat, Fat

What are the fat soluble vitamins? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A, D, E, K What deficiency can lead to xeropthalmia? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preformed Vitamin A What is the major function of Vitamin E? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>antioxidant Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Antioxidants What is the primary function of vitamin K - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Blood coagulation What percent of the human body is water? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>50-70% What is the total fluid volume of the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>> gallons What hormones trigger thirst? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Antidiuretic Hormone and aldosterone ________ is released by the pituitary and tells the kidneys to retain water if fluid levels decrease in the bloodstream. ________________ is released by the adrenal glands and tells the kidneys to retain sodium which leads to water retention if fluid levels decrease in the bloodstream. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>ADH, Aldosterone How many cups of fluid should women drink? Men? How much should be water? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>11, 15, 9, 13 What ions influence intracellular water balance? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Potassium and phosphate What ions influence extracellular water balance? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sodium and chloride Decreased endurance, fatigue, muscle cramps and eventually coma and death are all symptoms of what condition? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Dehydration A mineral needed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day is considered a _______ mineral. A mineral needed in amounts less than 100 mg per day is considered a _______ mineral. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Major, Trace What are the major minerals? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, phosphorus and magnesium

What genetic condition results in increased absorption of iron resulting in organ failure?

• CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hematochromatosis Most essential vitamins can/cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be consumed in the diet. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cannot _________________ is the process of taking nutrients that were lost in the milling or processing of the food and adding them back to the final product. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Enrichment ____________________ is the process of supplementing a product with additional vitamins that would not normally be in that product. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fortification Carotenoids and retinal are two forms of what vitamin? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin A Which vitamin deficiency can result in hemolysis of red blood cells? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin E Inflammation of the tongue and related deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Glossitis, Riboflavin Cracks around the corners of the mouth and related deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cheilosis, Riboflavin Rough skin and related deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pellagra, Niacin Lack of brain and deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Anencephaly, Folate Name the vitamin that iron absorption and immunity are dependent upon. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Vitamin C Goiter is related to which mineral defiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Iodine Which mineral can decrease your risk for Type 2 Diabetes? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chromium Hypogeusia and hyposmia is related to which mineral deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Zinc Mottling is related to which mineral deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fluoride Population growth that exceeds the ability to produce food, depletion of farmland and water sources, war and political unrest, and insufficient sanitation are causes of

undernutrition in (developed/undeveloped) nations? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Undeveloped How much water consumption is recommended for every pound lost during a workout? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>2.5 to 3 cups per pound A disorder where the patient frequently over-consumes foods but does not purge. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Binge-eating disorder A disorder where the patient wakes up in the night to eat and consumes one third of their daily calories during that time. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Night eating disorder A disorder where a female athlete has a cessation of her menstrual cycle, disorder eating patterns and osteoporosis typically attributed to extreme physical exertion. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Female athlete Triad Maximum HR=220-______ - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Age The target zone is what percentage of the maximum heart rate? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>60-90% __________________ is a condition that results from the lack of adequate food over a period of time to meet one's nutrient needs. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Undernutrition If you are completing an activity that is 30 seconds to 3 minutes, what compound does the body use for energy when in anaerobic conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Carbohydrates After how many minutes of exercise will the body start to use glycogen stores in the muscle for fuel? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>30 minutes If you are completing an activity that is 30 seconds or less, what compound does the body use for energy when in anaerobic conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Phosphocreatine After three hours of physical activity which type of fuel would be primarily used for energy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>carbohydrates and fats After quick burst of activity which type of fuel would be primarily used for energy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>ATP, PCr After 1 hour of activity which type of fuel would be primarily used for energy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>carbohydrates and fat After 20 minutes of activity which type of fuel would be primarily used for energy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>carbohydrates

What is the order the cells utilize macronutrients for energy requirements - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>ATP, Carbohydrates, Fats, Protein The storage form of carbohydrates in the human body is called __________. The two organs that store this form of carbohydrate for energy are muscle and _________. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Glycogen, Liver _________ _____________ contain carbohydrates that supply energy, easily absorbed source of energy, replaces electrolytes (sodium and potassium) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sports Beverages ____________ __________ is a short term change in normal eating patterns caused by stress or illness - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Disordered Eating A client who cycles between consuming large quantities of food in a short period and restricting food and purging would be diagnosed with ____________ _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Bulimia Nervosa What three conditions are considered "Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified." - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Binge-eat disorder, night eating disorder and female athlete triad. ____________ ________ is learning to listen to internal cues on hunger and satiety. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Intuitive eating What term describes "inadequate food to meet nutrient needs due to poor food quality and variety"? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Food insecurity What populations are at increased risk for malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Working poor, isolated individualism homeless, elderly and children Lack of regular meal times, excess consumption of saturated fat, increasing incidents of overweight and obese children, and early onset of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes are all example of nutritional concerns for which age group? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>School aged children ___________ is a thick, yellow substance that is produced by the breast for the first few days after giving birth. It is high in protein and immune factors that help support a newborn's health. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Colostrum Iron deficiency anemia, constipation and dental caries are nutrition concerns for which age group? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preschoolers Period of rapid cell division and growth. The fetus is especially susceptible to the effect of teratogens during this stage. Day 0-Day 14 - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Blastogenic

The fetus continues to grow and will start to develop hands, feet, and arms. The mother's body will also begin to change to prepare for birth and support the pregnancy. Week 2 to Week 8 - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Embryonic This stage is characterized by growth. Week 9-Week 40 - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fetal What are two fatty acids essential for the brain and eye development of newborns? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid What are common mineral deficiencies in the diets of school age children? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Iron, calcium and zinc The delay of disabilities caused by age-related diseases. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>compression of morbidity ___________ aging is the physiological and physical changes that occur due to growing older but not due to poor diet and lifestyle choices, while ________ aging occurs due to growing older and poor diet and exercise. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Successful, Usual What does each letter in the acronym DETERMINE mean? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Disease Eating Poorly Tooth Loss Economic hardship Reduced social contact Medications Involuntary weight loss Needs assistance Elderly, >80 years old High taste sensitivity, frequent snacking and small stomachs are Challenges of feeding for which age group? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preschoolers Honey, egg whites, chocolate, nuts, small or sticky foods, excessive amounts of juice, animal milk, and unpasteurized milk are all examples of what? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Foods that should not be given to a child under one year of age The organ system develops - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Embryonic stage An egg and sperm unite to form a zygote - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fertilization A period of continual growth and development - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Fetal Stage

A period of rapid cell division - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Blastogenic Stage An infant born prior to ____ weeks of gestation is considered preterm. The length of a normal pregnancy is approximately ____ weeks. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>37, 40 What is the recommended weight gain for pregnant mothers with a healthy weight prior to pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>25-35 pounds What is the recommended weight gain for pregnant mothers with a underweight prior to pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>28-40 pounds What is the recommended weight gain for pregnant mothers with a overweight prior to pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>15-25 pounds What is the recommended weight gain for pregnant mothers who were obese prior to pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>11-20 pounds _____-deficiency anemia may lead to preterm delivery, low birth weight, increased risk of fetal death - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Iron ___________ interfere with insulin production so it is insufficient to transport glucose from the blood to cells. This causes blood glucose to rise. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hormones ____________ is secreted by the pituitary gland to produce breastmilk - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Prolactin If you are counseling a woman who is interested in nursing, what would be the minimum number of calories to intake to meet nutrient needs? How many cups of fluid would you recommend? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1800 Calories, 13 cups of fluid An infant should ____ their weight in the first 4-6 months and ______ it by year one. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Double, Triple Calcium, iron, zinc, A,D,E and folate are all common nutrients that are lacking in which age group? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Teenagers At what age does "aging" typically begin? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>> What are the three things that factor into an individuals aging process? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Heredity, lifestyle and environment Sarcopenia is a loss of what type of tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Lean muscle

Body composition changes, skeletal muscle changes, Digestive system changes, medications and chronic disease and all examples of ________ factors related to aging

• CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Physiological DETERMINE is a screening tool that looks at an individual's risk for malnutrition related to what two factors? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Physiological and Psychosocial factors Older adults are inadequate in what nutrients? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Water, fiber, iron and calcium Older adults often mistake thirst for ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hunger What are the 5 dimensions of Health? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>physical, mental, social, spiritual, emotional What are examples of external sensory forces that influence food choices? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Taste, smell, texture, color What are examples of external Cognitive forces that influence food choices? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Habits, comfort food, advertising, social factors, nutritional value What are examples of external environmental forces that influence food choices? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Economics, lifestyle, culture/religion, environment What are examples of external sensory forces that influence food choices? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Physical restriction, declining taste sensitivity, age and gender