Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) Review Test Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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PREHOSPITAL TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (PHTLS)

REVIEW TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

WRITTEN UPDATE

Inadequate Perfusion / Energy production at the cellular level. - Shock Why are case studies important in the Hospital? - It gives us evidence based practice. What is the definition of anaerobic metabolism? - Without Oxygen When does hemorrhage control start in the trauma assessment? - Right away, first thing to be done. Why do we needle decompress somebody? - If there is an increase work of breathing / Absent lung sounds / Inadequate perfusion What is the easiest way to open the airway of a trauma patient? - Jaw Thrust What is a problem with intubation? - It requires a lot of practice. When you arrive on scene and find your patient with their airway full of blood, how long should you suction for? - Until the airway is complete clear from blood. What is the best way to confirm you have good a good ET Tube in place? - End Tidal When should you start the secondary assessment on a trauma patient? - When time and situation allows. What are some pre-arrival factors you should be considering upon arrival to your designated call? - Time of day / Weather / Location / Hazards Involved / Possible additional needs What is the main reason for a primary assessment on a trauma patient? - To identify and treat immediate life threats. What is the most common type of shock and what is the main cause of shock? - Hemorrhagic Shock due to either uncontrolled internal / external hemorrhage When wanting to get a patient off scene quickly what is a piece of equipment that is best suited for this situation? - Scoop Stretcher

What is the first thing that should be treated on a trauma patient? And once that is treated what should you focus on next? - First treat the ABC's then any other immediate life threats What is one of the earliest signs you may see on a patient who is starting to go into shock? - Increased Ventilatory Rate When you show up on scene and find your patient bleeding out, what are the two steps you should take to take care of that bleeding situation? - Step 1 = direct pressure / step 2 = apply tourniquet What do you want your Blood Pressure to be at if you have a trauma patient? - Systolic Blood Pressure of 80 What do you want your blood pressure to be for neurogenic patients? - Systolic Blood Pressure of 90 What is the goal as prehospital providers that we want to establish for our patients? - Restore and maintain airway, ventilation, oxygenation, circulation, and quick transport time for trauma patients. Two of the most important prehospital maneuvers are those that provide and maintain __________________________ patency and ______________________ ventilation. - Airway Patency and Pulmonary Ventilation Refers to the process by which oxygen concentration increases within a tissue. - Oxygenation Mechanical exchange of air between the outside environment and the alveoli of the lungs. - Ventilation Are critical steps in minimizing the overall brain injury and improving the likelihood of good outcome. - Ensure a patent airway / Maintaining patients oxygenation / Supporting Ventilation What two functions does the respiratory system serve? - Provide Oxygen to red blood cells / Remove Carbon Dioxide from the body Process by which oxygen enters the bloodstream and Carbon Dioxide is removed. - Gas Exchange With each breath, how much air does the average adult approximately take in? - 500 ml of air The space in which the air is held that never actually makes it to the alveoli is called what? - Dead Space Air What is the primary muscle used for breathing? - The Diaphragm

Damage that occurs at the moment of impact - Primary Injury Everything that happens because of the primary injury and how we manage that injury - Secondary Injury Causes cerebral vasodilation - CO Earliest sign and best indicator of increasing ICP is a? - Decreasing LOC If you have an injury or loss of sensation from the nipple line down you most likely have a? - T fracture Decompensate well but deteriorate quickly - Pediatric Patient Fluid resissitation for a pediatric patient is? - 20/kg Trauma patients with cardiopulmonary arrest for 15 minutes of unsuccessful resessitation and a GSW, what do you do? - Pronounce on scene