PSYC 140 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023-2024, Exams of Health sciences

Download PSYC 140 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023-2024 and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! PSYC 140 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023-2024 1. What are two critiques, discussed in the module, regarding Freud’s psychosexual stages? Answers need to discuss the lack of a lifespan approach and a methodology that only relies on a clinical sample. Which theorist or theory describing development do you agree with the most? Summarize this theory and describe why you agree with it. 2 pts for sufficiently detailed and accurate summary. 2 points for well-supported reason for agreement. 2. Freud believed that unsuccessful completion of a psychosexual stage would result in a person becoming on an erogenous part of the body. fixated For each of the age groups listed below, list the psychosexual stage described by Freud. Ages 3-6: phallic According to Freud, the stage occurs from birth to 18 months. Oral Where did Freud get the name “Oedipus” for the Oedipus complex? Greek mythology 3. Which of the following most accurately summarize Freud’s view of the Oedipus complex? Boys experience competition with their fathers and eventually identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings towards their mothers. Freud would say that a person obsessed with cleanliness may have unsuccessfully completed the psychosexual stage. Anal The phallic stage of psychosexual development ends at age . Six For each of the age groups listed below, list the psychosexual stage described by Freud. Birth-18 months : birth-18 months: oral stage 18 months - 3 years anal stage ; 3 - 5 years: phallic stage ; 5 years - puberty: latency stage puberty - adult: genital stage 4. T/F Malnutrition can be a teratogen. True True or false? Maternal stress is not an example of a teratogen. False When does the Embryonic period begin? 2 weeks after conception What is the current age of viability? 22-26 weeks 5. True or false? Maternal age has nothing to do with birth defects in babies. False During which trimester do hair and nails typically form? second True or False? Amniocentesis utilizes sound waves to create images. False 6. What is a longitudinal study? Individuals are studied across time using this design. Which research design could give a researcher a large amount of information about one autistic child’s level of functioning? Case study Which research design would best address the following question: What do most people in the U.S. feel about the legalization of marijuana? Survey Which research design would best address the following question: Are age and wisdom related to one another? Correlational study 7. Thoroughly answer the essay question. Essays should be written in complete sentences. Compare and contrast Assimilation and Accommodation. In your answer, be sure to describe each and describe how they differ from one another. Then, give a specific example of each. Finally, give a personal example of when you engaged in either assimilation or accommodation (be sure to say which one that you are describing!). Note: the module video used the example of eating food to illustrate these points. You must choose different examples. Descriptions of Assimilation need to describe how new information is taken in without changing underlying scheme. 2 pts. The example must accurately reflect this, in sufficient detail. 2 pts. Descriptions of Accomodation need to describe how schemes are changed in response to new information. 2 pts. The example must accurately reflect this, in sufficient detail. 2 pts. Two points for an accurately and sufficiently detailed personal example. Thoroughly answer the essay question. Essays should be written in complete sentences. Describe what you learned about infant-parent attachment in the module. The approximate length of the description should be a short paragraph, and it should include sufficient detail on what you learned. Then, describe how your current knowledge on this topic compares to what you knew before taking this module. Finally, describe your views on the following issues: a) how applicable is attachment theory to everyday life and working with infants, and b) what misconceptions about attachment do you think people have, and what is a correct understanding of how to apply this attachment theory? 14. What is the recommendation for diagnosing ADHD? Families should seek a psychologist, psychiatrist, or pediatrician with expertise in ADHD True or false? Parents of children with ADHD can help their kids by encouraging kids to write down homework assignments and use notebook organizers. True Categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of Inattention or Hyperactivity-Impulsivity: Talks nonstop. Hyperactivity-Impulsivity 15. children receive high numbers of negative votes in research studies on peer statuses. Rejected True or false? Neglected children tend to show less negative outcomes than rejected children, according to peer status research. True When presented with Kohlberg’s Heinz dilemma, Ben says that Heinz should steal the drug because he loves his wife and helping her shows his love for her. After all, Heinz probably vowed at his wedding to care for her “in sickness and in health;” he should do as he promised. Ben believes that people should keep their promises. At what level would Kohlberg most likely categorize this response, according to his theory of moral development? Conventional True or False? Research indicates that boys have more difficulty adjusting to remarriage compared to girls. False 16. Approximately how long does it take families to adjust to a divorce? 2 years True or false? Research indicates that girls have more negative consequences when growing up in a single parent household, compared to boys. False True or false? Research indicates that boys have more negative consequences when growing up in a single parent household, compared to girls. True 17. Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences. Describe the following two social categories of children: Prosocial popular children and Antisocial popular children. 2 pts for Prosocial: good communication skills, very social. 2 pts for Antisocial: good communication and social skills, but also aggressive and antagonistic. Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences. The module discussed common consequences of divorce on children. Describe two of these. Answers need to describe 2 of the following: change in family finances, change in where family members live, increased parental stress, increase in family conflict, change in parenting styles. Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences. Describe the following two social categories of children: Rejected Children. Be specific. Also, what is one possible consequence of being a socially rejected child? 18. Thoroughly answer the essay question. Answers should be written in complete sentences. Describe in detail the two courses of juvenile delinquency. Then, describe in detail two of Garbarino’s recommendations for how to intervene in the life of an individual troubled teenage boy. Do you think these recommendations are likely to work? Why or why not? 4 pts for Descriptions of the two courses should include the following: Adolescence-limited—more common, more benign, only occurs during adolescence. Life-course persistent— more serious, starts before adolescence and continues afterward, social and biological causes most likely. Then 4 points for recommendations, which should include 2 of the following, described sufficiently: encourage boys’ empathy toward others, find ways to protect boys from media and situations that promote aggression, stimulate spirituality, mentoring, promote education and build self-esteem, positive social support, decrease macho stereotypes, therapy, change materialistic values, skills building, calming environments. 2 pts for POV on recommendations—must be sufficiently detailed and based on evidence. Thoroughly answer the essay question. Answers should be written in complete sentences. Choose either Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa. Give an overview description. Then describe in detail the signs and long-term consequences. Next, describe in detail possible causes of this disorder. Finally, describe in detail the interventions available for this disorder, being sure to include the special concerns with treatment for this disorder. To conclude, indicate your views about the most difficult aspect of overcoming this disorder and what intervention is most likely to be Your Answer: successful. Be sure to be organized in your essay. It may help to label each section (e.g. Description, Consequences, etc.) to make sure that you cover each question. 2 pts for overview description. For Anorexia, should include: inability to maintain 15% of ideal body weight/intense fear of gaining weight/distorted body image. For Bulimia: overly concerned with weight/binge eating. 2 pts for signs/consequences. For Anorexia: ritualistic eating behaviors, not eating with others, excessive exercise, purging behaviors, lanugo, brittle nails and hair, thyroid changes, organ loss, calcium depletion, decreased brain volume, death. For Bulimia: tooth decay, damage to esophagus and stomach, dehydration, changes in electrolytes, heart damage, death. 2 points for causes. For Anorexia: cultural imperative for thinness, family or personal pressure to achieve. For Bulimia: cultural imperatives, lack of control/mental health issues, low confidence. 2 points for interventions. For Anorexia, should include the following: Outpatient or hospitalization—depending on severity, may need feeding tubes/IV, coordination with MH care, DBT/CBT/Group/Family therapy, only half of patients fully recover, other MH conditions may need to be treated. For Bulimia: CBT/CBT/Group/Family/Nutritional counseling, antidepressants, nonjudgmental support of family. 2 points for POV on difficulty/treatment— answers must be sufficiently detailed and based on learning in the module 19. What biological event marks the beginning of adolescence? Puberty At what age do most girls in North America finish growing? 16 Which two gonadotropins did you learn about in the module? None 20. Amy is 10 years old and experiencing menarche. Is she earlier than average, later than average or neither? earlier than average Choose one of the following answers: Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa OR Individuals with Bulimia Nervosa. Who is more likely to feel “out of control” regarding eating behaviors? Bulimia Nervosa anorexia nervosa 21. True or false? The General Social Survey indicates that married couples tend to have sex at least once a week, average 58 times per year. True For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking, Romantic, Companionate. Halley and Matthew are about to celebrate their 6-month anniversary. They have an elaborate celebration planned, since this anniversary coincides with Valentine’s Day. They both have a strong connection to one another, but have not communicated any long-term plans to one another. Romantic Based on recent research, what % of the U.S. population identifies as gay, lesbian, or bisexual? 7-8%