PSYC 331 Exam 1 Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions 100% Correct 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

Download PSYC 331 Exam 1 Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions 100% Correct 2024 and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! PSYC 331 Exam 1 Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions 100% Correct 2024 case of Joyce Brown - Correct Answer- abnormal psychology - Correct Answer-the scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning Four D's - Correct Answer-deviance, dysfunction, distress, danger Thomas Szaz - Correct Answer- Culture - Correct Answer-Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people. cross-cultural studies - Correct Answer-Comparison of one culture with one or more other cultures. These provide information about the degree to which development is pg. 1 professoraxe l similar, or universal, across cultures, and the degree to which it is culture-specific. Murphy's findings - Correct Answer- epidemiological findings - Correct Answer- Primitive Demonology - Correct Answer-Stone Age to Early Greeks--evil spirits Medieval Demonology - Correct Answer-Middle Ages-- ; the devil somatogenic perspective - Correct Answer-abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes moral treatment - Correct Answer-a nineteenth-century approach to treating people with mental dysfunction that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment Father of Psychiatry - Correct Answer-Benjamin Rush pg. 2 professoraxe l double-blind study - Correct Answer-An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo Incidence - Correct Answer-The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time. Prevalence - Correct Answer-The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time. natural experiment - Correct Answer-An experiment in which nature, rather than an experimenter, manipulates an independent variable. analogue experiment - Correct Answer-An experiment in which the investigator produces abnormal-like behavior in laboratory participants and then conducts studies on the participants. ethical review - Correct Answer-A review process that ensures ethical standards are upheld in research, including: -Subjects are protected from harm pg. 5 professoraxe l -Subjects' efforts and any risks involved are warranted by the study's importance -Subjects have freely given informed consent to participation Ethical principles of research - Correct Answer-1) protecting the rights of participants 2) research is consistent with organization's rules, standards of practice, and all laws 3) the counselor is responsible for actions taken by those under their supervision 4) respect of the culture of participants 5) minimize the harm done to participants paradigm - Correct Answer-a model; an example biopsychosocial model - Correct Answer-a model of health that integrates the effects of biological, behavioral, and social factors on health and illness developmental psychopathology - Correct Answer-field of psychology that focuses on determining what is abnormal at any point in the developmental process by comparing and contrasting it with normal and expected changes that occur Parts of Personality - Correct Answer-id, ego, superego pg. 6 professoraxe l psychodynamic therapy - Correct Answer-therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight behavioral model - Correct Answer-explanation of human behavior, including dysfunction, based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology operant conditioning - Correct Answer-a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher classical conditioning - Correct Answer-a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events systematic desensitization - Correct Answer-A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias. pg. 7 professoraxe l neuropsychological tests - Correct Answer-a test that detects brain impairment by measuring a person's cognitive, perceptual, and motor performances psychophysiological assessment - Correct Answer- Measurement of changes in the nervous system reflecting psychological or emotional events such as anxiety, stress, and sexual arousal. diagnosis - Correct Answer-identification of a disease syndrome - Correct Answer-complex of symptoms DSM-5 - Correct Answer-the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. DSM-III - Correct Answer-The third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, published in 1980. The DSM-III introduced revolutionary changes in the diagnostic system, including explicit, etiologically neutral diagnostic criteria and a multiaxial system of diagnosis. pg. 10 professoraxe l Comorbidity - Correct Answer-the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual anxiety - Correct Answer-The condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen fear - Correct Answer-the usual reaction when a stressor involves real or imagined danger adaptive anxiety - Correct Answer-beneficial emotional state, helps us deal with immediate threats, helps us prepare for future danger maladaptive anxiety - Correct Answer-Anxiety characterized by (1) intensity that is out of proportion to the perceived threat, (2) chronicity that lasts beyond removal of the immediate threat, and (3) impairment generalized anxiety disorder - Correct Answer-an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal pg. 11 professoraxe l specific phobia - Correct Answer-fear of objects or specific situations or events social anxiety disorder - Correct Answer-intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such agoraphobia - Correct Answer-An abnormal fear of open or public places panic disorder - Correct Answer-An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) - Correct Answer-an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions Hoarding Disorder - Correct Answer-Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value pg. 12 professoraxe l