Psyc105 Exam Questions with Answers Tested and Verified 2023/2024 Updates Graded A+, Exams of Psychology

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Psyc105 Exam Questions with Answers Tested and Verified

2023/2024 Updates Graded A+

Chapter 1 Why do psychologists study animals?

• Animals can reveal basic principles about behavior. Psychology is a scientific discipline because it relies on
• evidence. As scientists, psychologists have confidence in theories that
• are tied to observable evidence. Interacting online is a form of
• social behavior. Psychology is best described as a science that studies
• behavior and mental processes. Yesterday, Jayne went to school and took several tests. After school, she went to her job in the gift shop at the hospital. H ow would you classify all of Jayne’s actions?
• Behaviors The word "psychology" comes from two Greek roots that mean
• knowledge and mind. Psychology made the transition from philosophy to an experimental science with which event?
• When Wundt opened his laboratory in Leipzig Your psychology professor asks a student volunteer to concentrate on eating an apple and then describe the individual el ements of that experience. Your professor is demonstrating the technique of
• introspection.

While conducting research, Dr. Sung asked a participant to describe the sensations experienced when smelling a rose. Dr. Sung is most likely to be a

• structuralist. Which of the following is NOT associated with structuralism?
• Overt behavior Wundt is the founder of
• structuralism. James is the founder of
• functionalism. Who is generally recognized as the founder of American psychology?
• James Regarding William James, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• William James did not use the technique of introspection. A functionalist is most likely to ask which of the following questions?
• What is the purpose of superstitions? The founder of behaviorism was
• Watson. In researching a report on John Watson, which of the following search terms would yield the best results?
• Behaviorism Which Greek philosopher is the foundation of John Watson’s belief that science should rely on observable events?
• Aristotle A strong belief that the environment molds the actions of humans and other animals is characteristic of which school of p

sychology?

• Behaviorist The major proponent of behaviorism for much of the 20 th^ century was
• Skinner. Animal trainer Bob Jeffers uses rewards to teach his animals to perform circus tricks. Jeffers’s techniques are based on pri nciples from which school of psychology?
• Behaviorism Regarding Watson and B.F. Skinner, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• B.F. Skinner conducted most of his research with humans. Your dog is demonstrating some unacceptable behavior. You are able to go back in time to talk to one of the pioneers of p sychology. Who would be the best choice to help with your problem?
• B.F. Skinner The Gestalt school of psychology was founded by
• Wertheimer. Which term best captures the meaning of the word "gestalt"?
• Pattern Dr. Spires talks with some students before psychology class begins. Spires says, “I believe that mental experience is best u nderstood as a whole, rather than in terms of its parts.” Her students recognize that Spires describes which school of tho ught?
• Gestalt Which statement is most consistent with the Gestalt psychology point of view?
• The whole is more than the sum of its parts. In the psychodynamic view, the is an area of the mind that lies beyond the reach of ordinary consciousness.
• unconscious An emphasis on the unconscious and early childhood experience characterizes which school of psychology?

• Psychodynamic Which of the following pioneers of psychology was a therapist?
• Freud You are preparing a display about early perspectives in psychology that are still active or continue to develop today. Whic h of the following schools of thought will NOT be in your display?
• Structuralism Lamonte is a researcher adhering to the behavioral perspective. He is likely to believe that
• habits can be unlearned. An extension of the behavioral perspective that incorporates the study of mental processes is termed
• social-cognitive theory. Which of the following mental health professionals is most likely a behavior therapist?
• Dr. Barney uses techniques based on learning principles to help clients alter maladaptive patterns of action. Regarding the psychodynamic perspective, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• Today, people formally trained in Freudian psychology do not endorse the belief that psychological problems may be rooted in childhood. Humanistic psychology was created as a reaction to
• behaviorism and Freudian psychology. Which theorists are associated with humanistic psychology?
• Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers Humanistic psychologists stress all of the following EXCEPT
• unconscious forces. Your friend asks if there is any evidence that ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) might be due to abnormal b rain structures. You might suggest that she take a course in

• physiological psychology. The approach that studies the relationships between biological processes and behavior is termed
• physiological perspective. Dr. Yu supports the physiological perspective. Which of the following questions is she likely to ask a client?
• Do either of your parents have the same behavior as you? Which modern perspective includes a movement that applies principles from Darwin’s theories?
• Physiological perspective Dr. Moore, an evolutionary psychologist, is most interested in the question of
• whether there is an adaptive reason why men tend to gamble more than women. Which of the following psychologists is most likely to study how humans process information?
• Dr. Carlson, who takes a cognitive perspective You are writing a paper about cognitive psychology. You should have a section focused on
• learning. Which of the following psychologists is most likely to study how humans process information?
• Dr. Carlson, a cognitive psychologist Regarding the major contemporary perspectives in psychology, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• The sociocultural perspective focuses on mental processes that allow us to gain knowledge about ourselves and the world. Dr. Holder is a psychologist working from the sociocultural perspective. In her research, which variable is Dr. Holder LEAST likely to study?
• Language Which of the following mental health professionals most clearly takes a sociocultural perspective?

• Dr. Miller, who helps clients understand how their age influences their behavior Psychologists from which perspective are most likely to study issues related to diversity?
• Sociocultural is a growing movement in psychology directed toward studies of human experience such as hope, happiness, and altruism.
• Positive psychology Dr. Sears will give a lecture to psychologists practicing positive psychology. The work of which psychologist will be the foc us of her lecture?
• Martin Seligman Which of the following is the focus of the newest growing movement in contemporary psychology?
• Positive experiences Which perspective in psychology would suggest that depression is related to changes in brain chemistry?
• Physiological Dr. von Waldner conducts research on depression. His hypothesis is that depression results from maladaptive thought pa tterns. From which perspective is von Waldner working?
• Cognitive Dr. Kenish is a humanist. Which of the following would she say is essential to humanity?
• Free will You eavesdrop as a group of psychologists eats lunch together. After reading the first chapter in your psychology textbook, can you correctly identify which psychologist is taking a behavioral perspective?
• Dr. Lightman says, “I believe that early learning experiences have shaped my actions as an adult.” A researcher adhering to the psychodynamic perspective would likely believe that depression
• represents anger turned inward.

As a humanist, Dr. Randall is most likely interested in all but which of the following questions?

• How do people who are aggressive direct unconscious impulses? Regarding psychological research, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• Basic research is intended to find solutions to specific problems. Regarding training to work in the field of psychology, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• The bachelor’s degree is recognized as the entry-level degree for professional work in some specialty areas, such as school psychology and industrial/organizational psychology. Dr. Fiennes, a psychological researcher, studies the biological bases of memory problems in the elderly by studying nonhu man animals. Fiennes is most likely a(n) psychologist.
• comparative Which area of specialization includes the largest group of psychologists?
• Clinical The work of psychologists often overlaps with the work of psychiatrists.
• clinical Caroline Sherry is a counseling psychologist. Who of the following is she LEAST likely to see as a client?
• Mr. Andrew has been diagnosed with depression. Dr. Martins, a school psychologist would be most likely to
• evaluate a student for placement in a special education program. Which type of psychologist would be most likely to evaluate your twelve-year-old child to determine if he or she should b e in special education classes?
• School Dr. Vickers just took a position as an educational psychologist with the Blackstone School System. Of the following tasks, which is Vickers LEAST likely to do in this position?
• Administer intelligence tests to students.

Dr. Ward studies changes that happen across the research participants’ life span. What type of psychologist is she?

• Developmental psychologist A developmental psychologist would most likely
• study the age at which children seek independence from parental values. eople. psychologists have worked to identify the cluster of psychological characteristics and behaviors that distinguish p
• Personality Which type of psychologist would evaluate whether overcrowding in urban areas is associated with increased violent cri mes?
• Environmental Graduate student Felicity Farraday has just completed her dissertation titled, “The Role of Observational Learning in Stop ping the Spread of Prejudice in Communities Across America.” What is the best description of Farraday’s area of specializ ation?
• Social psychology Dr. Sam is an industrial/organizational psychologist. What does he typically do?
• Make suggestions to a manager regarding employee morale. Dr. Greenberg is an industrial/organizational psychologist. In his job at Acme Corporation, he is likely to work on all but w hich of the following tasks?
• Conduct a survey to determine which consumers are most likely to buy Acme’s products. Anna works for Federal Motors Corporation in the Human Factors Division. Her job is to identify ways in which engineers can design the instrumentation of the onboard navigational system to be easiest for their customers to use. Anna is most likely which type of psychologist?
• Industrial/organizational As a(n) (^) psychologist, Georgia will study the relationship between psychological factors and childhood obesity.
• developmental

Dr. Jameson’s research question is, “What kind of music will put people in the mood to purchase more products?” Dr. Jam eson is most likely a(n) psychologist.

• consumer Dr. Gerald is sending information about a conference focusing on emerging specialty areas to all members of the America n Psychological Association. Approximately how many psychologists will he contact?
• 150, Dr. Samuelson conducts research on the relationship between strokes and speech problems. He is probably a(n) ps ychologist.
• neuro Which type of psychologist would be interested in memory loss in elderly individuals?
• Geropsychologist Dr. Williamson works with the FBI to develop personality profiles of people who commit violent crimes. Williamson is pro bably a(n) psychologist.
• forensic You read a news story about a psychologist who provided expert testimony during a criminal case. This sort of activity is c haracteristic of which type of psychologist?
• Forensic Dr. Burlington works with Ivy University’s basketball team, where he helps the athletes handle competitive pressures. He is also conducting a study to determine the most important factors influencing athletic performance anxiety. Burlington is probably a(n) psychologist.
• sport Dr. MaryBeth is a sports psychologist. Which of the following tasks is she likely to perform?
• Help a baseball player who is “choking” at the plate when he bats. Christine Ladd-Franklin is credited as being the
• earliest woman pioneer in psychology.

This early pioneer in psychology, who developed a new theory of color vision, received a PhD several decades after compl eting all of the requirements for the degree.

• Christine Ladd-Franklin Regarding Mary Whiton Calkins, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• She was a graduate student at Johns Hopkins University. was the first African American to receive a doctorate in psychology in the United States.
• Francis Sumner What percentage of new doctoral recipients are minority graduates?
• 25% Which group has the fewest working psychologists in the United States?
• Native American Women now account for about what proportion of new doctorates in psychology?
• Two-thirds Which of the following statements regarding women in psychology is NOT true?
• The gender shift is occurring at a slower rate in psychology than in other professions. In 1970, women accounted for about what proportion of new doctorates in psychology?
• One in five A method of developing knowledge based on the evaluation of evidence from experiments and careful observation is call ed the approach.
• empirical The scientific method is based on
• experimental methods. All of the following are steps in the scientific method EXCEPT

• ignoring contradictory evidence. Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
• Developing a research question, forming a hypothesis, gathering evidence, drawing conclusions Why does an investigator form a hypothesis?
• To test a precise prediction Dr. Kavanaugh has noticed that many of her students are having difficulties understanding the basic parts of a nerve cell (neuron) but don’t seem to have the same problems understanding most of the different regions of the brain. Dr. Kavana ugh wonders if her lectures have some bearing on this situation and has posed a question she intends to pursue in her res earch—whether the ways in which information is presented affect student interest and memory of the material. If she is i nterested in pursuing this research question further, Dr. Kavanaugh’s next step in the scientific method would be to
• form a hypothesis. A way of expressing an idea that accounts for relationships among observed events or experimental findings to make the concept easier to understand is called a(n)
• theory. Wanda makes an educated, precisely worded prediction about the behavior of her friends in a specific situation. In other words, she is
• stating a hypothesis. In conducting an experiment, a precise prediction about the outcomes is called a
• hypothesis. In conducting an experiment, a precise prediction about the outcomes is called a
• hypothesis. Your psychology professor refers to a research study and says the results were “statistically significant.” To which step in t he scientific method does this apply?
• Drawing conclusions At the end of your research study, you determine that the results were “statistically significant.” What does this mean?
• The results were unlikely to have been due to chance or other random factors.

A factor that changes within an experiment is called a

• variable. Describes the attempt to duplicate research findings reported by other scientists.
• Replication Replication is an important factor in
• drawing conclusions. Dr. Mingus keeps a detailed record of a series of interviews with an individual who is suffering from a rare brain disorder. This is an example of which research method?
• Case study The method of study that examines one or more people in great depth is called a(n)
• case study. Professor Scott and a few of his students plan to conduct research on teenage risk-taking behavior. He would like to devel op a hypothesis about the cause of extreme teenage risk-taking behavior by focusing on teenagers who sail around the w orld alone. Would a case study be appropriate? Why or why not?
• Yes, because teenage circumnavigators are rare, and the data will help generate a new hypothesis. You want to determine the reasons that private citizens decide to run for the school board. Which of the following could j eopardize the accuracy of your case study?
• Citizens' desire to make a good impression on you, the researcher Which research method involves questioning a group of people?
• Survey method In survey research, are subsets of the total group who are the subject of interest to the researcher.
• samples

It is important for a sample in survey research to be representative so that researchers can

• make generalizations about the population as a whole. Social desirability bias and volunteer bias are problems typically associated with which research method?
• Survey Which of the following is an example of a social desirability bias?
• Teenagers are surveyed at the mall where their peers can overhear and give similar answers Dr. Chen finds in her study of people’s charitable habits that individuals overestimate the amount of money they give to t heir churches and private schools. Dr. Chen’s results may reflect
• social desirability bias. Participants in the following surveys are guaranteed that their answers will remain confidential and anonymous. In which case are survey respondents least likely to hide the truth?
• A survey regarding preferences as to online news sources Which type of research method is most likely to encounter social desirability bias?
• Survey method Developmental psychologist Arthur Chang watches children in a daycare center through a one-way mirror that allows him to see the children without the children seeing him. Chang is utilizing which form of research?
• Naturalistic observation Dr. Wilmington is a social psychologist who studies the topic of love. He goes to a variety of places where couples are fou nd and watches how they interact with each other. Which research method is Dr. Wilmington using for his study?
• Naturalistic observation Which of the following is a problem that could be caused by naturalistic observation?
• The observer’s bias affects the result. A statistical measure of the association between two variables is called a(n)
• correlation coefficient.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of a correlation?

• Negative correlations indicate relatively weak relationships. Which of the following correlations represents two variables with the strongest relationship?
• –0. In her dissertation research, a graduate student finds a correlation of +0.95 between two of the variables being studied. H ow should she interpret this correlation coefficient?
• The variables have a strong, positive relationship. What does correlation tell us?
• The strength of relationship between variables Which correlational coefficient shows the strongest positive correlation?
• +0. In her dissertation research, a graduate student finds a strong, negative correlation between two of the variables being st udied. Which of the following correlation coefficients is most likely her result?
• –0. A correlation coefficient of 0.00 means
• there is no relationship between the variables. Which of the following relationships would most likely have the weakest correlation?
• Number of fingers on a person’s hand and intelligence Which of the following is NOT a benefit of correlational research?
• It can establish cause-and-effect relationships. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using the correlational method?
• It uses experimentation to prove cause and effect.

In a study of the effects of various brands of ice cream on weight loss, the brand of ice cream consumed represents the

• independent variable. You see a journal article entitled, “Injection of Happystuff Causes a Reduction in Symptoms of Depression in Adult Male s.” This tells you that the independent variable is the
• injection of Happystuff. In an experiment, the factor that changes in response to some other factor is referred to as the
• dependent variable. In an experimental study a factor that is manipulated is known as a
• independent variable. A research method that tests hypotheses and allows researchers to make conclusions about causality is called a(n)
• experiment. Using the experimental method, a researcher investigates whether watching television while eating causes a person to ea t more potato chips than one eats when not watching television. In this case, the number of potato chips eaten represent s the
• dependent variable. If an experiment shows a casual effect, the dependent variable depends on
• the independent variable. In Dr. Segal’s study of the effects of watching children's television programs on the language development of children und er the age of two, which of the following is the dependent variable?
• The number of words the child knows In an experiment, the group does NOT receive the experimental treatment or intervention.
• control In a drug study, group one receives an inactive pill and group two receives a pill that is believed to be effective in treating depression. Group two is the
• experimental group.

An experimental group receives treatment and is then measured for the effect. What happens to the control group in the experiment?

• It receives no treatment at all, but it is measured for the effect, exactly like the experimental group. A group that experiences all experimental procedures with the exception of exposure to the target experimental treatme nt is called a
• control group. Every participant in an experiment has an equal chance of receiving one of the treatments. This is called
• random assignment. Twenty students volunteered to participate in an experiment. Every student has an equal chance of being placed in the ex perimental group or the control group. This is called
• random assignment. A placebo effect would be most likely to account for changes in
• pain intensity. Shannon participated in the trial of a new medication. Her condition seemed to improve during the trial, but she later dis covered that she was taking the placebo. What caused her condition to improve during the trial?
• The power of suggestion Dr. Schultze conducts research on the effects of a new drug to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. In his study, neither Sc hultze nor the participants knows who is receiving the active drug and who is receiving an inactive drug. This example des cribes
• a double-blind study. Mayra is participating in a double-blind study on the effectiveness of a new time-release antidepressant medication. Onc e a week, she receives a small white pill from Dr. Stanley, which she takes immediately. What is a “blind” aspect of this st udy?
• Mayra does not know whether she has taken the active drug or a placebo. In a double-blind study, how can an experimenter often tell that a participant is receiving the active drug?
• The participant experiences side effects.

Which of the following would you use to affect your friend’s behavior without him knowing it?

• A prime You are writing the citations for journal articles you used in a class assignment. Which of the following is NOT included in the APA reference style?
• Current date The ethical code of psychologists is based on all but which of the following ideas?
• Determination of ultimate truth outweighs individual cost. Ethics review committees that oversee psychological research in universities are typically composed of
• both professionals and laypersons. The ethical guideline requiring that information about a research study be disclosed to potential research participants bef ore they participate is referred to as
• informed consent. The APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct specifies all but which of the following as conditions tha t psychologists must meet to use deceptive practices in research?
• Participants must be offered compensation for participating in the deceptive research. Dr. Finnegan, a psychological researcher, ensures that he maintains the privacy of his research records. Which ethical prin ciple does this example describe?
• Confidentiality An ethical guideline intended to protect a research participant’s privacy involves
• maintaining confidentiality. When conducting research with nonhuman animals, researchers should consider all of the following EXCEPT *d. isolation from other species. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of critical thinking?

• Reliance on conventional wisdom You have written an article that you want to publish. The publisher requires that you provide citations. Why does the pub lisher have this requirement?
• To examine the original sources to check accuracy Trustworthy online information is most likely to be provided by all but which of the following?
• Online encyclopedias One of the main reasons that information published in scientific journals is trustworthy is because
• the articles are reviewed by other professionals prior to publication. Chapter 2 Dr. Gedge is examining a cell under a microscope. She sees a long, fibrous strand of tissue extending from one end of the cell body. She immediately recognizes this as a(n)
• axon. The fundamental building block of the nervous system is the
• neuron. Regarding neurons, which of the following is NOT true?
• They are the only cells found in the nervous system. All of the following are components of a neuron EXCEPT the
• medulla. In a neuron, the cell’s metabolic functions are performed by the
• soma. Regarding a neuron’s soma, which of the following is NOT true?
• The soma conducts outgoing messages to other neurons.

Which one of the following activities best identifies the soma's primary function?

• Carrying out metabolic processes Which part of a neuron may range in size from a few thousandths of an inch to several feet long?
• Axon The knoblike swellings at the ends of axons are called
• terminal buttons. Regarding terminal buttons, which of the following is NOT true?
• Terminal buttons are the most common type of neuron in the nervous system. Chemical messengers that transport nerve impulses from one nerve cell to another are called
• neurotransmitters. Regarding the nervous system, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• There are more neurons than glial cells in the nervous system. Which of the following best describes a synapse?
• A tiny gap separating one neuron from another through which messages are carried Fibers that project from the soma are called
• dendrites. Which part of a neuron could best be described as a receptor site?
• Dendrite What is the primary job of a dendrite?
• To receive signals from other neurons Which of the following roles best identifies the job of a synapse?
• To enable communication among neurons

The three types of neurons in the human nervous system are called

• sensory, motor, and interneurons. What is the most common type of neuron found in your nervous system?
• Interneuron Efferent neurons are also known as
• motor neurons. What is the role of afferent neurons?
• To transmit information about the outside world to the spinal cord and brain Shalanda’s daughter touches her mother's face. Sensory receptors in Shalanda’s skin transmit information about this sens ation to Shalanda’s spinal cord and brain. Which type of cell is responsible for this process?
• Afferent neuron Associative neuron is another name for
• interneuron. Georgio is jogging barefoot along the beach when he suddenly steps on the sharp edge of a broken shell. He instantly feel s pain due to the message carried to his brain by
• sensory neurons. Melanie, a graduate student working in a neuroscience lab, grows neurons in a petri dish to study the effects of environm ental toxins on neuronal communication. During one of Melanie’s experiments, she accidentally damages the axon of a n euron. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of this mishap?
• The neuron will not be able to transmit information to other cells. Afferent neurons are also known as
• sensory neurons. Besides the neuron, the other main type of cell in the nervous system is the cell.

• glial During his first three years of life, Jason developed many motor skills such as crawling, walking, and running that require d his muscles to move efficiently and smoothly. In terms of brain function, Jason’s motor development is the result of whi ch process?
• Development of the myelin sheath White matter refers to
• myelinated axons. The fatty layer of cells that is wrapped around many axons is called the
• myelin sheath. What is the shape of Glial cells?
• Pinched at the waist Glial cells do all of the following EXCEPT
• produce neurotransmitters. Gaps in myelin exposing noninsulated areas along an axon are called
• nodes of Ranvier. Jeanne is a 33-year-old doctor who was recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). The effects of multiple sclerosis a re caused by
• the destruction of neurons’ myelin sheaths. What is the purpose of the myelin sheath?
• To connect neurons How does neural impulse travel down an axon so quickly?
• It jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next.

Professor Freeman calls on his student Maya to describe how the presence of the myelin sheath affects neural impulses. How should Maya respond?

• The myelin sheath insulates the axon, increasing the speed and efficiency of the neural impulse. The resting potential of a neuron is a result of the
• high concentration of sodium ions outside the cell. What is the approximate resting potential of a neuron?
• –70 mV Neural impulses are also called
• action potentials. Depolarization occurs when the neuron becomes
• less negative due to the influx of sodium ions. What creates an electrochemical change in a neuron to generate an electrical signal?
• The movement of ions across the cell membrane Why does a neuron in a resting state have a negative charge?
• A greater concentration of positively charged sodium ions remains outside the cell. Which of the following statements about action potentials is NOT true?
• They all travel at the same speed. Which of the following does NOT occur during the refractory period?
• Neurotransmitters are pumped in. After a neuron fires, about how long is its refractory period?
• Less than a second What happens when an action potential arrives at the end of an axon?

• The release of neurotransmitters into the extracellular fluid Where do neurons touch each other?
• Neurons don't touch Prolonged neurotransmitter activity is prevented by all of the following functions EXCEPT
• release of excitatory neurotransmitters. Regarding neurotransmitters, which of the following statements is NOT true?
• Each neurotransmitter has both excitatory and inhibitory effects. A neurotransmitter is released into a synapse, but it has no effect on a neighboring neuron. Which of the following BEST a ccounts for the unresponsiveness of the neighboring neuron?
• The neighboring neuron's receptors do not accept this type of neurotransmitter. Once a neurotransmitter is released, it
• is looking for a specific type of receptor site. Molly, a second-year neuroscience graduate student, treats neurons grown in a petri dish with drugs that block the functi on of receptor sites. What is the most likely consequence of the drug treatment?
• The neurons will not be able to sense neurotransmitters, interfering with neuronal communication. Which is an accurate statement regarding the generation of an action potential?
• If a neuron becomes depolarized to the threshold level, an action potential is inevitable. Psychologists believe that may help explain symptoms of schizophrenia.
• irregularities in how the brain uses dopamine Parkinson's disease leads to progressive loss of motor function and is a condition resulting from a(n)
• shortage of dopamine. Parkinson’s disease is caused by irregularities in neurotransmitter functioning, resulting in which of the following sympto ms?

• Muscle stiffness Agonists do all of the following EXCEPT
• block receptor sites. Antagonists are drugs or chemicals that
• block receptor sites. Shelley drinks two large caffeinated lattes every morning. In terms of neurotransmission, what is happening in Shelley’s b ody?
• Caffeine in the coffee serves as an agonist that increases the availability of glutamate. Which of the following is an antagonist that blocks the actions of a particular neurotransmitter?
• Antipsychotic drugs, which help control hallucinations and delusional thinking Cocaine and amphetamines increase the availability of which neurotransmitter?
• Dopamine Which of the following neurotransmitters prevents neurons from overly exciting adjacent nerve cells?
• Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Endorphins are similar in chemical structure to which of the following drugs?
• Morphine Bottoms-Up Microbrewery hosts a Beer Fest every October, where patrons consume large amounts of alcohol. At the neu rotransmitter level, what is happening to the drinkers?
• Alcohol increases sensitivity of receptor sites for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Anxiety disorders such as panic disorder may be due to reduced levels of
• gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Fourteen-year-old Anton takes medication for his depression. Chemically speaking, the medication works for Anton prim arily by increasing the availability of in his brain.

• serotonin Sharon is a long-distance runner. After a certain point in her workout, she begins to feel a natural “high” instead of pain. This feeling is likely the result of chemicals in her brain called
• endorphins. Chemicals produced in the brain that have many of the same properties as morphine are called
• endorphins. Dr. Pohler is a neurobiologist studying ways to help those who overeat because they can’t feel full after a meal. He should investigate chemicals similar to the neurotransmitter
• serotonin. Your anatomy professor states that today’s lecture will be about the central nervous system. Which parts of the body do you expect to learn about?
• The brain and spinal cord The brain and the spinal cord make up the
• central nervous system. Which of the following promotes digestion, slowing other bodily processes?
• Parasympathetic nervous system What is the role of the spinal cord?
• It connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system. The two major parts of the nervous system are
• the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The two parts of the peripheral nervous system are
• the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system is NOT true?