Psychiatric Disorders and Treatments, Exams of Nursing

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Segregation analysis - Answer -Which of the following methodologies is used to examine inter- generational transfer of a disorder phenotype? Attachment between a parent and child - Answer -Ainsworth introduced the strange situation experiment to evaluate which of the following? Any events within a given period of time - Answer -Localized amnesia is best described as an inability to recall: Orexin - Answer -A 32-year old patient has episodes of irresistible sleepiness and falls asleep while driving. The patient reports experiencing episodes of paralysis and hallucinations upon awakening. These symptoms are best explained by a deficiency in which of the following. Melancholic features - Answer -A patient presents with a three week history of markedly depressed mood insomnia and weight loss. Family members report that patient has been despondent refuses to engage in usually enjoyable activities and spends most of the day in bed. Although patient feels mood improves somewhat in the evenings family reports that patient takes no pleasure or interest engaging with grandchildren when they visit for dinner. On interview the patient reports guilty ruminations and feelings of hopelessness. A diagnosis of MDD is made by the psychiatrist. Which DSM specifier would be applied to this diagnosis? Valbenazine - Answer -A patient with metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia exhibits positive symptom relief and improved functioning on haloperidol. After two years on a therapeutic dose the patient starts to develop new-onset lip smacking that affects their ability to eat. Adding which of the following medications would be most likely to reduce these adverse effects?

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder - Answer -A 25-year-old woman presents with concerns about difficulty engaging in sexual intercourse. She appears embarrassed and has difficulty providing any additional information about her symptoms stating "I am extremely uncomfortable talking about this." She experienced "vaginal spasms" during her last sexual encounter and she consequently feels anxious when considering having sex. She has become avoidant and dismissive of sexual encounters. She has had a normal gynecologic examination without discomfort and her gynecologist referred her to the psychiatrist. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Involuntary responses of the autonomic nervous system - Answer -Biofeedback targets which of the following for Medicare Part D - Answer -Which of the following Medicare components provides prescription drug coverage? Cardiovascular disease - Answer -What is the leading cause of premature death in patients with schizophrenia? Hydrochlorothiazide - Answer -Which of the following substances is most likely to increase lithium levels? Single nucleotide polymorphisms - Answer -What is the most common form of sequence variation in the genome? Maple Syrup Urine Disease - Answer -Which potentially fatal condition can be caused by mutations in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex? The note includes sensitive information revealed in a psychotherapy session - Answer -In accordance with the 21st Century Cures Act physicians may withhold access of psychiatric notes in which of the following cases? RNA-sequencing - Answer -Which of the following tests allows unbiased detection leading to identification of novel transcripts?

Expressive language - Answer -Which of the following cognitive functions is most likely to be preserved with normal aging? Obtain most disclosures of medical history upon request - Answer -Under the HIPAA Privacy Rule, a patient has the right to: Right parietal lobe - Answer -During administration of performance tasks on standardized intelligence testing which of the following areas shows the greatest increase in metabolic activity Interleukin-6 - Answer -Which of the following cytokines acts on the liver to increase synthesis of acute phase proteins and increases proliferation of antibody producing B cells? Pain - Answer -Which of the following is transmitted through the spinothalamic tract? Identity - Answer -A 23-year-old patient began psychotherapy due to feelings of inadequacy and depression in the context of working in a coffee shop since graduating from college and deferring medical school acceptance. The patient has been having conflicts with parents over their ambivalence about becoming a physician. Which of the following is the most likely developmental task with which the patient is struggling? Iron - Answer -A patient describes an uncomfortable feeling in the calves most evenings which requires the patient to get up and walk around to relieve the feeling. There is no numbness or loss of sensation in the feet. Deficiency in which of the following is associated with this condition? Nitric Oxide - Answer -Which of the following neurotransmitters directly activates soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate? Measures what it intends to measure - Answer -The validity of an assessment instrument refers to the extent to which it: REM sleep behavior disorder - Answer -Which of the following sleep disorders is associated with mild neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies?

Conducting an examination - Answer -Which of the following actions is most likely to mark the initiation of a physician-patient relationship in an ambulatory setting? Checking - Answer -Which of the following compulsions has been shown to be most prevalent in adults with obsessive compulsive disorder? Conjunctival injection - Answer -A 37-year-old man presents to the emergency department with severe headache. Every night for the past week he has woken up in the middle of the night with searing pain that ends after 90 minutes. When treated with 100% high-flow oxygen the headache resolves. Which of the following is a typical symptom associated with this type of headache? Interaction between estradiol and UGT 1A4 - Answer -A patient with bipolar disorder type Il who has been stable for several years on lamotrigine 150 mg daily presents to her psychiatrist at 16 weeks gestation with a recurrence of mood symptoms. What is the most likely explanation for this recurrence for this patient? Parkinson's disease - Answer -Abnormal synuclein metabolism is most closely associated with dementia in which of the following conditions? Fewer arrests - Answer -For patients with severe mental illness participation in mental health courts compared with treatment as usual has been associated with: Anorexia nervosa - Answer -A patient with a body mass index of 16 kg/m reports experiencing periods of excessive food intake followed by induced vomiting over the last six months. The most likely diagnosis is: Insula - Answer -What brain region is indicated in this figure? Driving may be impaired while taking this medicine - Answer -What is important patient guidance when prescribing suvorexant? Pedigree analysis - Answer -Which of the following methods is used to identify genetic markers that cosegregate with disease phenotype?

Modafinil - Answer -A patient with a history of a substance use disorder complains of excessive daytime sleepiness but denies any episodes of sudden loss of muscle tone or collapsing while awake. Polysomnogram shows rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency of ten minutes. Which of the following medications is the best choice to treat this patient's sleepiness? Fluoxetine - Answer -A patient with Alzheimer disease is started on donepezil but discontinues it due to profound nausea and dizziness. Which of the following concurrently prescribed medications would most likely be responsible for this reaction? Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) - Answer -Which of the following is a clinician- administered rating scale for depression? Multiple sclerosis - Answer -Which of the following conditions results from a failure to inhibit apoptosis? Sensitization - Answer -A form of learned fear in which a person or an experimental animal learns to respond strongly not only to a harmful stimulus but also to a subthreshold stimulus refers to Psychogenic - Answer -The physician directs a patient with a tremor to tap one hand at a different rate to see if the tremor can be entrained to be at the same rate as the tapping hand. This is a method to test for which of the following types of tremor? Response inhibition - Answer -The neural circuit that connects the anterolateral orbitofrontal cortex, anterior part of the putamen and thalamus is involved in which of the following cognitive functions? Overidentifying with the impaired physician - Answer -Which of the following has been identified as a significant psychological barrier to reporting colleague impairment? mitochondrial DNA - Answer -A 21-year-old presents with acute left-sided weakness and confusion. The patient reports an episode of acute right hemifield visual loss in the past as well as a history of seizure disorder and migraine headaches. The patient's mother also had similar symptoms starting at a young age. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan shows "Stroke-like" lesions that do not conform to a specific vascular distribution and laboratory testing shows elevated serum lactic acid. The patient most likely has a defect of:

Encourage use of self-timeout - Answer -What would be the most appropriate accommodation for a student experiencing irritability in the school setting? Lateral hypothalamus - Answer -Narcolepsy has been associated with loss of neurons in which of the following locations? The first panic attack - Answer -A patient presents for an outpatient evaluation of symptoms consistent with panic attacks. The patient describes having been extremely frightened during the first panic attack which occurred suddenly three months prior while driving over a bridge. The patient has had recurrent panic attacks in various settings since that time and reports experiencing fear when on a bridge even if a panic attack is not occurring and tries to avoid driving on bridges whenever possible. According to the learning theory model of classical conditioning what is the unconditioned stimulus? Personality disorders - Answer -The decreased late-life prevalence of which of the following disorders is explained by typical psychosocial maturation? Seek consultation with a colleague - Answer -A female patient who has been engaged in twice-weekly psychodynamic psychotherapy with a male therapist for the last year begins to discus sexual fantasies about the therapist. The therapist feels flattered by the sexual interest of this patient and notes his own feelings of attraction to her. The most appropriate next step for the therapist is to: Septal - Answer -Which of the following nuclei are a part of the limbic system? Identify a surrogate decision-maker - Answer -A 55-year-old with schizophrenia is admitted to the medical service following episodes of tarry stools. The patient's hematocrit was found to be low, and a malignancy is suspected. A colonoscopy is recommended; however after an extended conversation about the medical issues the patient continues to refuse stating "There's nothing wrong with me. The CIA is messing with my tests." After formal assessment reveals lack of decision-making capacity what is the most appropriate next step? Parvalbumin basket - Answer -Which subclass of GABA neurons connects synoptically with cortical pyramidal neurons to generate synchronous gamma frequency oscillations in the dorsolateral pre- frontal cortex?

Stocking pattern loss of sensation in one leg - Answer -Which of the following findings on neurological examination would suggest a functional or psychotogenic neurological disorder? Conversion disorder - Answer -Event-related potentials on electroencephalograph are currently most useful for confirming which of the following diagnoses? Decreased dopamine - Answer -Which of the following neurotransmitter changes accounts for irritability associated with neonatal opioid abstinence syndrome? Urine test for porphobilinogen - Answer -A patient presents symptoms of psychosis apathy intermittent abdominal pain neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction. Which of the following would be the next best step for diagnosis? dysfunction. Absence - Answer -Which of the following seizure types is associated with the highest risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy? stabilize in late adolescence - Answer -The four dimensions of temperament including harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence: Depressive - Answer -What is the most common presentation of a mood disturbance for women with bipolar disorder during the perinatal period? Symptom-free individuals at risk for developing a mental disorder - Answer -Selective primary preventative interventions are designed to target: Ovarian teratoma - Answer -A woman is psychiatrically hospitalized with prominent paranoid delusions, auditory hallucinations, and progressive mood lability. She subsequently develops waxing and waning confusion, word-finding difficulty, and periods of mutism. An electroencephalogram detects extreme delta brushing. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody testing is positive. Which of the following neoplasms is most likely to be detected on further testing? Kleine-Levin syndrome - Answer -A 17-year-old presents to clinic with his parent due to a change in sleep habits. The parent reports that the teen has been sleeping all day and night for the last two weeks. He has been falling asleep while in school, and his grades are beginning to drop. The parent also states

that when the teen is awake, he is irritable and usually consumes excessive amounts of food before returning to bed. The parent reports similar behavior occurring four months ago, but the patient had normal sleeping habits during the interim. The patient denies low mood, and states "I'm just so tired, i feel like I just can't sleep enough." He denies recent head trauma, abrupt loss of consciousness, or events of sudden weakness. Physical exam is grossly normal. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis? Examining negative transferences - Answer -Which of the following therapist behaviors consistently help to promote or maintain a positive therapeutic alliance with a patient? Social anxiety disorder - Answer -A graduate student presents for evaluation of worsening anxiety. They are most distressed about weekly oral presentations fearing that others will notice their anxiety and perceive them as incompetent. Last week, they had a panic attack before the first presentation and have resorted to drinking alcohol prior to class to help calm their nerves. What is the most appropriate diagnosis for this patient? Dopaminergic - Answer -A researcher is involved in testing a new environmental pollutant found to be a neurotoxin. After injecting the agent into the animal brain, the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase dramatically decrease. Which of the following types of neurons are most likely to be impaired by this neurotoxin? Remote stroke - Answer -A 65-year old patient is evaluated for right-hand numbness. Computed tomography scan of the brain is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the finding on CT scan? Aripiprazole - Answer -Which of the following antipsychotics has the lowest risk of QTc prolongation? Generativity vs stagnation - Answer -An individual's efforts to contribute to society by creating things that will outlast them represents a focus of which Erikson psychosocial stage of development? Neuropsychological testing - Answer -A 72-year-old patient presents with several weeks of visual hallucinations, slowly progressive impairment of short-term memory, and some mild pill-rolling movements in the right hand. In the differential diagnosis of an underlying major cognitive disorder, which of the following will be most helpful?

patient challenging behaviors - Answer -Personally tailored activities for patients with dementia living in the community have been shown to improve: Dextroamphetamine - Answer -A nine-year old child with ADHD does not respond to methylphenidate. Which of the following medications should tried next? Clonidine Continue bupropion SR - Answer -A patient with a history of depression and well-controlled epilepsy underwent numerous antidepressant trials before finally responding to bupropion. Antidepressants not tried included imipramine, nortriptyline, duloxetine, and selegiline. No seizures have occurred during treatment with bupropion SR 100 mg BID. The patient's health insurance provider, however, recommends switching to another antidepressant because of bupropion's well-known tendency to reduce seizure threshold. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the treating psychiatrist? Displacement - Answer -A child who is bullied at school by peers returns home from school and becomes irritated at younger sibling, and calls them "stupid". According to psychodynamic theory, this is an example of which of the following defense mechanisms? Care of the patient remains under the direction of the PCP who also remains in charge of ordering medications or additional services - Answer -A psychiatrist working in a primary care clinic employing the collaborative care model is contacted by a family practice provider (PCP) for an informal "curbside" consultation regarding a patient. After a five-minute telephone consultation, the psychiatrist provides recommendations without evaluating the patient. Which of the following practices is recommended to minimize liability for the psychiatrist? Major depressive disorder - Answer -Vagal nerve stimulation has evidence as adjunctive treatment for which of the following chronic conditions? Neurotensin - Answer -Which of the following neuropeptide neurotransmitters has been most implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders? Glucose metabolism - Answer -Positron emission tomography scanning measures which of the following?

Integrity versus despair - Answer -Which of the following life stages according to Erik Erikson is associated with an acceptance of responsibility for one's own life? Ocrelizumab - Answer -A 40-year-old woman with new onset of monocular vision loss and history of episode of right-sided numbness is seen for evaluation. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain below demonstrates multiple lesions. Which of the following is most likely to reduce future neurological episodes? Cohort - Answer -Which of the following study types has the best ability to infer causality between a risk factor and a disease outcome? Family-based - Answer -Which of the following psychotherapies is considered first line in the treatment of adolescents suffering from anorexia nervosa? Acute intracranial hemorrhage - Answer -Computed tomography is preferred over magnetic resonance imaging when which of the following conditions is suspected? Resting tremor - Answer -A 75-year-old patient with a history of falls and gait imbalance is observed to have a slow, cautious gait with a tendency to fall backwards. Which of the following findings on examination would suggest this patient's symptoms will respond to a dopamine agonist? Lorazepam - Answer -A 35-year-old patient in the psychiatric emergency room presents with acute agitation characterized by motor restlessness, intrusive behaviors, and repeated verbal threats of violence. Verbal de-escalation is not successful and the patient refuses oral medications. The psychiatric team determines that the patient's presentation warrants an involuntary administration of an intramuscular (IM) medication. The patient has an unclear medical and psychiatric history and has not yet been able to cooperate with diagnostic procedures. There is no evidence that the patient is in pain or experiencing respiratory distress. What is the most appropriate IM pharmacologic intervention? Symbolic representation - Answer -According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is marked by the appearance of: Linezolid - Answer -Which of the following medications may lead to serotonin syndrome if combined with fluoxetine?

Pimavanserin - Answer -Which of the following is most likely to reduce psychotic symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease without worsening motor symptoms? Tertiary - Answer -Which of the following types of health prevention best describes the function of psychoeducation and family therapy for patients recently discharged from an inpatient psychiatric facility? Trinucleotide repeats on chromosome 4 - Answer -A 47-year-old with a history of depression is admitted for new-onset psychosis and the development of mood swings, decreased focus, fidgeting and lack of coordination. Genetic testing is most likely to reveal which of the following? Cerebellum - Answer -A 26-year old patient presents with headache and clumsiness of the right hand for several weeks. Physical examination is noteworny for difficulties with rapid alternative movements of the right hand, an overt intention tremor on finger-to-nose testing, and mildly dysmetric finger-tapping. Cranial nerves are intact and there is no papilledema. Damage to which of the following structures will most lkely be seen on MRI? Treat depression with psychotherapy and medications - Answer -A 90-year-old patient is brought to a psychiatrist for worsening depression and hopelessness in the setting of declining ability to function independently. The patient acknowledges thoughts of death and fleeting suicidal ideation, stating that "anyone would feel this way." Which of the following is the most appropriate next step for the patient? support of axons in white matter - Answer -The primary function of fibrous astrocytes is best described as: Decreased inflammatory cytokine production - Answer -Estrogen has which of the following modulatory effects on neuroinflammation? CRISPR-Cas 9 - Answer -Which highly specific and efficient gene-editing approach uses RNA-DNA for sequence recognition? Buspirone - Answer -Which 5-HTA agonist medication has been reported to have anti-aggressive effects?

Repeated episodes of cessation of airflow in the nose and mouth during sleep - Answer -A patient describes resolution of depressed mood and anhedonia since starting a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, but complains of persistent fatigue, impaired concentration, and irritability. Physical review of systems reveals morning headaches, and exam is notable for obesity, high neck circumference, and elevated blood pressure. Which of the following findings would be most likely to be demonstrated on polysomnography? personal worth and competence - Answer -According to Erikson, the predominant emotional issue in typically developing school-age children is: Disclosing personal information to build rapport - Answer -Which of the following activities is an example of a therapeutic boundary crossing, rather than a violation? Glutamate NMDA receptor antagonism - Answer -Memantine exerts its cognitive preservation effects through which of the following mechanisms? Frontal-occipital fasciculus - Answer -Which of the following association tracts provides a pathway for connections between emotion and cognition, as well as self-regulation? Substance-related and addictive disorders - Answer -Several studies of minority populations have associated discrimination and social exclusion experiences with a higher risk of which psychiatric pathology? Childhood-onset fluency disorder - Answer -A five-year-old boy presents to the outpatient clinic with his parents for evaluation of abnormal speech. Parents state that he has started to develop "broken speech" over the last several months, which is now interfering with his interactions with peers and teachers at school. The boy's speech appears normal when engaging in pretend play with inanimate objects but is noted to have a stark change when presenting items to is class during show-and-tell. While conversing, the boy says "I-I-I'm f-f-five years old. He visibly struggles during speech with noted grimacing and eye blinking but otherwise appears to be growing and developing normally. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis? Time-outs for negative behaviors - Answer -Which of the following is an example of using response cost contingency management to address patient behavior on an inpatient psychiatric unit?

Psychosis - Answer -A microdeletion at 22q.11.2 is the most common genetic abnormality associated with which of the following? A stranger - Answer -The most likely person to commit workplace violence is: Delirium tremens - Answer -What is the most common cause of hallucinations in the hospital medical unit? Medial dorsal - Answer -Which of the following thalamic nuclei has its major projection sites in the prefrontal cortex? 2.0 - Answer -Which of the following relative risk values would indicate that an exposure is a risk factor for a disease or disorder? Delirium - Answer -An 84 year-old patient with a history of dementia presents to the hospital from a nursing facility due to increasingly aggressive behavior and confusion over the last week. Staff notes that the patient has been having multiple bouts of urinary incontinence and paranoia towards staff members. On mental status exam, the patient is only oriented to self and is alternating between appearing sedated and combative. A neurological exam is otherwise unremarkable. The patient's presentation is most consistent with: Sensitivity - Answer -To ensure that a screening test misses only a small number of individuals with an illness, which of the following should be maximized? Continue hospitalization and initiate appeal process with the insurance company - Answer -A 36-year od is admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit for acute psychosis and suicidal ideation. Following treatment, symptoms have improved and the patient is no longer endorses suicidal thoughts. However, the patient continues to have residual psychotic symptoms and functional impairments. The patient is noted to be homeless with minimal social support. A decision is made to continue with inpatient hospitalization, but the patient's insurance company is now refusing to cover further hospital stay as the patient is no longer suicidal. Which of the following actions is the most appropriate from an ethical and patient care standpoint?

Fortune-telling - Answer -A patient with panic disorder frequently worries that any physical symptom represents the start of another panic attack. This is an example of which of the following cognitive distortions? Copies a circle - Answer -A 4-year-old child that lacks which of the following motor skills, would be most concerning for a developmental delay? Posterior cerebral - Answer - Insurers are prohibited from making payment contingent on whether psychotherapy notes are disclosed

• Answer -In which of the following ways does the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act protect the confidentiality of psychotherapy notes? Histrionic - Answer -Pervasive and excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behaviors are the essential features of which of the following personality disorders? DNA methylation analysis - Answer -A clinician suspects a diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome. Which of the following is the best test to order? SHANK3 - Answer -Phelan-McDermid syndrome, which can be associated with ASD, is caused by the mutation of what gene? Sublimation - Answer -A patient discloses that they are experiencing distress during a break-up and have been "pouring" their energy into a kickboxing class at their gym. This is an example of which of the following defense mechanisms? Ghrelin - Answer -Which of the following is a peptide hormone that has increased plasma levels in between meals? Chlorpromazine - Answer -In the 1950s, the use of which of the following medications first led to advances in the treatment of psychosis in large psychiatric hospitals?

Gonadotropin releasing hormone - Answer -Which hormone surge signals the development of pubertal development? Incomplete myelination - Answer -Which of the following neurodevelopmental aspects of the adolescent brain is most closely linked to poor judgment and impulsivity? Episodic hypersomnia - Answer -Which of the following symptoms is the defining feature of Kleine-Levin Syndrome? Primidone - Answer -Which of the following pharmacologic interventions is a first-line treatment for essential tremors? Transference - Answer -A patient in long-term psychoaynamic psychotherapy verbally attacks the therapist for being controlling and uncaring. This patient's behavior is most likely an example of which of the following? Variable interval reinforcement - Answer -With respect to operant conditioning, which of the following types of reinforcement is best illustrated by someone checking for e-mails or text messages randomly throughout the day? Histaminergic - Answer -Blockade of which of the following receptors is primarily responsible for the sedative and weight gaining side effects of may antipsychotic and antidepressant medications. Histone methylation - Answer -Polycomb chromatin structures, which are important for cell differentiation, pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, and x-inactivation, are created through which epigenetic process. Gender dysphoria - Answer -The parents of a six-year-old boy are concerned because he has been wearing "girl clothes" and playing exclusively with girls for the last year. The child reports dislike for his penis. What is the most likely diagnosis for this child? Suicide - Answer -Which of the following is the most common triggering factor for malpractice claims arising from psychiatric care?

Enlargement of the testes - Answer -Which of the following aspects of male sexual development would be expected to occur first at the onset of male puberty? It is unethical for psychiatrists to offer professional opinions on public figures without a face-to-face evaluation - Answer -Which of the following is the central principle of "The Goldwater Rule" for psychiatrists? catastrophic thinking - Answer -A college student who is in good academic standing and has test anxiety begins psychotherapy with a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapist. The therapist asks, "If you were to fail the upcoming physics exam, what would that mean?" the student replies, "I would then fail the whole course, and I wold have to leave school, and no one in my family would want anything to do with me." The student's response would be best characterized as: Exhibitionism - Answer -An individual exposes their genitals on a bus, then begins to masturbate. What is the most likely diagnosis? Lorazepam - Answer -A patient is evaluated for possible seizure activity and undergoes electroencephalogram (EEG). The study demonstrates prominent beta activity. Which of the following medications is likely to be responsible for this EEG pattern? Schedule patient to be seen in clinic this week - Answer -A 28-year-old patient with a history of depression calls the psychiatrist reporting acute worsening of mood due to the patient's father dying that morning. Patient reports feeling overwhelmed by the event and is experiencing passive thoughts of suicide, but denies any specific intent or plan to harm self. The patient is currently staying with significant other for support but feels the need to be seen prior to next scheduled appointment. Based on this clinic scenario, which of the following management options is the most appropriate in caring for this patient? Modified gene expression transmitted across generations - Answer -Which of the following is a characteristic shared between both "genetic" and " epigenetic" codes? Imitate blowing out a candle - Answer -A deficit in praxis would be best demonstrated by having a patient do which of the following?

Amnesia for everyday events - Answer -Which of the following symptoms would best support a diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder rather than posttraumatic stress disorder? adverse events - Answer -Systemic reviews of observational studies, rather than of randomized controlled trials would be the most suitable choice for studying: Negative punishment - Answer -A parent withdraws their child's allowance every time the child gets into a fight at school. This is an example of: Preoperational - Answer -Which of the following developmental stages is associated with emergence of symbolic play? Secure - Answer -Which of the following patterns of infant attachment is associated with greater engagement with new environments? Causal explanations - Answer -Etiologies rooted in a local system of knowledge and not necessarily linked to particular signs and symptoms represent which of the following cultural concepts of distress? Bisexual men and women - Answer -Individuals with which of the following sexual orientations are at risk for the poorest mental health outcomes? A 35-year-old with severe alcohol use disorder who robs a liquor store to obtain more vodka - Answer - Which of the following individuals is most likely to have legal responsibility for a crime? Speech articulation - Cortical association - Thumb opposition - Answer -The neocortex mediates which of the following functions? (Select three) Seizure at onset - Onset of symptoms at eight hours - Hemorrhage on CT scan - Answer -Which of the following would be relative contraindications to choosing intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (PA) for treatment of acute stroke? (Select three) Self - world - future - Answer -Aaron Beck's concept of the "cognitive triad" refers to the individuals thoughts about: (Select three)