Psychological Concepts and Theories, Exams of Nursing

Download Psychological Concepts and Theories and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NCE PRACTICE EXAM 2024 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWER

COMPLETE LATEST

1. Susie is playing with blocks and is trying to build a tower; she tries but cannot build a tower. Susie's mother helps her build a four-block tower. Later, Susie builds a four-block tower without her mother's help. According to Vygotsky, the inability to build the tower on her own is known as: - ANS The zone of proximal development (this is a range of tasks that are too difficult for children to do alone, but possible with help) According to Erickson, when an individual fails to develop a strong sense of identity, the individual will have troubles with the development of: - ANS Intimacy (individuals who fail to attain a lower level of development will fail to attain the next higher level). Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in Freud's theory of personality development? - ANS Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital Jacob's father tells Jacob to clean his room. When Jacob asks why, his father responds, "Because I said so." The father's response is most representative of which parenting style? - ANS Authoritarian (uses coercion and psychological control to discipline children) Harry Harlow used baby monkeys and several different kinds of "surrogate mothers" to investigate which factors are important in early development and attachment. According to his findings, baby monkeys: - ANS Preferred a soft terry cloth mother to a wire mesh mother than holds a bottle. Which of the following is a myth about suicide in the United States? - ANS Asking someone about suicide may push that person over the edge. Cody does what his parents say because he doesn't want to lose his television privileges. This is an example of what level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development? - ANS Preconventional (the individual is most concerned with consequences) Josie likes to play peek-a-boo with her little brother, Jack. According to Piaget, Jack finds this game fun because he has acquired , which is one of the primary tasks of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. - ANS Object permanence

In the original studies, Milgram and his colleagues found that people were more likely to disobey under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT when

. - ANS The theorist associated with bonding and attachment is: - ANS Bowlby Henry, a 72-year-old widower, reminisces with his daughter about his life. He talks about his successes and regrets. This is an example of Erikson's: - ANS Ego integrity stage When it comes to displaying aggression, girls more often engage in aggression than boys. - ANS Relational All of the following are physical characteristics of Down Syndrome EXCEPT: - ANS Large hands and feet Which of the following statements is true when considering cultural and familial influences on self-esteem? - ANS An authoritative parenting style usually allows children to have especially high self- esteem Research on gay and lesbian couples - ANS They are as dedicated to and as effective at child rearing as are heterosexual parents. In the Stanford prison study, what caused the guards to treat the prisoners harshly? - ANS It was the social context that determined the behaviors of both the guards and the prisoners. In the Stanford prison study, the setting was so realistic that the participants became guards and prisoners. Their personal identities were masked by the context of being in a prison as either a guard or a prisoner In the Stanford prison simulation, male college students agreed to participate in an experiment to discover what would happen when they took on the roles of prisoners and guards. The researchers found that. - ANS The individuals role or another really took on their role. It did not matter how the guards treated them or acted toward them, the fact that they became like "real" prisoners was the key finding. Individuals who played guards took on behaviors of "real" guards; and individuals who played prisoners took on behaviors of "real" prisoners. In what ways do stereotypes distort reality? - ANS Stereotypes distort one's ideas about how one group is so different from another group. In reality, the differences between groups are not as extreme as stereotypes make them out to be. Jennifer has to choose between spending the evening at home with her parents or spending the evening babysitting her younger sister. Jennifer

does not like either of these

choices. This situation describes an: - ANS Since Jennifer doesn't like either of the choices, this would be an avoidance-avoidance conflict. It is simply picking between the lesser of two evils. Connie tells each of her clients that the best way she can help them is to attempt to look at the world from the client's point of view. This counselor is taking the perspective - ANS Emic (this view considers that culture matters) Working with individuals from different cultures requires that the counselor:

• ANS Have sensitivity and knowledge about other cultures. A high standard of counseling practice when working with diverse populations involves all of the following EXCEPT: - ANS Treating all clients the same way When working with individuals from different cultures, the effective counselor may NOT:
• ANS Maintain good eye contact at all times. Murray is a bright student, but he procrastinates. He puts off writing term papers and gets incompletes, which eventually become Fs. Murray's therapist helps him establish small, specific goals rather than vague, long-range goals. The therapist also asks Murray to keep a diary of how he is spending his time when he is avoiding his studies. The method used to help Murray deal with his problem is therapy. - ANS Behavioral The social learning perspective is to the psychodynamic perspective as are to - ANS conditions, unconscious dynamics The process of saying freely whatever comes to mind in connection with dreams, fantasies, or memories in the course of a psychodynamic therapy session, is referred to as - ANS Free 27.Which of the following is not a behavioral therapy? - ANS Unconditional positive regard 28.The primary goal of therapy is to find meaning in life - ANS Existential 29.Which of the following pairings of problem and the most successful therapy for that problem is INCORRECT? - ANS Childhood behavior problems and existential therapy 30.The bond of confidence and mutual understanding established

between therapist and client is called the. - ANS Therapeutic alliance

31.An apparent treatment success that is due to the patient's expectation or hopes rather than the treatment itself is called. - ANS the placebo effect 32.In therapy, the therapist uses logical arguments to challenge a client's unrealistic beliefs or expectations. - ANS REBT Systematic desensizitation and flooding are techniques - ANS Behavioral Which of the following types of therapists would be most likely to use free association and transference? - ANS Psychodynamic therapists

35. is a humanist approach that emphasizes the tragic aspects of life, the burden of responsibility, and the need to face the inevitability of death. - ANS Existentialism According to Carl Rogers, is love and support given to another with no strings attached. - ANS Unconditional positive regard Which of the following pairs of personality theorists and perspectives is INCORRECT? - ANS Carl Jung; genetic Which of the following terms is associated with transactional analysis? - ANS Complementary transactions Which one of the following does NOT belong with the other three? - ANS Glasser The withdrawal of reinforcement until the conditioned response no longer occurs is known as: - ANS Extinction Freud is to ego, id, and superego as is to parent, adult, and child. - ANS Berne Developed by Luft and Ingham, asserts that there are four parts to the personality: the public self, the blind self, the private self, and the unknown self. - ANS The Johari Window In which is the focus on the meaning of life and the relevance of the individual experience? - ANS Existential counseling Popular techniques of this approach are role playing, "empty chair," and "making the rounds." - ANS Gestalt Popular techniques of this approach are examination of client's memories, "spitting in the client's soup," and "catching oneself." - ANS Adlerian

According to Freud, is the most important In this therapeutic approach, the counselor's emphasis is on being authentic while concentrating on verbal and nonverbal messages. - ANS Existential Paradoxical intention, implosive therapy, and thought stopping are all techniques used by counselors. - ANS Psychoanalytic Stress inoculation is a concept introduced by: - ANS Donald Meichenbaum mechanism. An example of this defense mechanism is when a woman who has been physically abused by her spouse doesn't remember ever being hurt by him. - ANS Repression A dog that has been trained to stop and stand at attention when she hears a duck call does not stop and stand at attention when she hears a goose call. This is an example of: - ANS Stimulus discrimination The disadvantage of closed-ended questions is that the client usually fails to: - ANS disclose personal information and continue to dialogue with the counselor Rational-emotive behavior therapy follows a five-step system using ABCDE, where D stands for: - ANS Disputing the irrational belief The goals of this type of therapy include gaining knowledge about the self and recognizing and integrating the self. - ANS Jungian In order to elicit a conditioned response, the neutral stimulus that will become the conditioned stimulus must the unconditioned stimulus. - ANS Precede In contrast to feeling sorry for the client, the counselor needs to demonstrate toward the client. - ANS Empathy In order to facilitate growth in a client, the counselor uses all of the following strategies EXCEPT: - ANS Abandonment A(n) schedule of reinforcement is the most difficult to extinguish. - ANS Intermittent The primary distinction between reinforcement and punishment is that reinforcement the likelihood of the behavior to occur again, while punishment the likelihood of the behavior to occur again. - ANS Increases; decreases

59. Negative reinforcement the behavior by a reinforcer; positive reinforcement the behavior by a ANS increases, taking away; increases, adding There are long silences, several members of the group are acting out, and it seems like all the group members are expressing frustrations with both the structure of the group and the way the group leader is functioning. Most likely this group is in the state of the group process. - ANS Transition From this perspective the group goals are to enable members to pay close attention to their here-and-now experiences so they can recognize and integrate disowned aspects of themselves. - ANS Gestalt Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group counseling? - ANS Focus on individual needs As a leader of a group, Barb is very structured. She sets and directs all of the group's goals and activities and hardly ever asks the participants for input. Most likely, Barb has a(n) style of leadership. - ANS Authoritarian What is likely to happen in a group when the leader is authoritarian? - ANS Members become dependent on the leader All of the following are characteristics of an open group EXCEPT: - ANS There is good cohesion In contrast to a homogeneous group, a heterogeneous group: - ANS Has members with greater awareness of themselves and others All of the following are assumptions of groups EXCEPT: - ANS The leader is a member of the group During the working stage of the group, the leader's role is to: - ANS provide reinforcement, link themes, support risks, and encouraging translating insight into action. The emphasis for this type of group is on prevention and development of healthy behaviors. - ANS Primary There is a distinction between group content and group process. An example of group

process would be: - ANS Sarah monopolizes the conversation and doesn't allow others to contribute, and Joe rolls his eyes every time Sarah says something (these are behaviors that go beyond just words) Greg seems to make light of everything that goes on in the group. If someone is late, for example, he makes a humorous remark about calling for a search party. Greg would be described as the of the group. - ANS Joker A counselor is conducting the initial screening of individuals who may be included in a bereavement group. An appropriate candidate for the group would be one who: - ANS Is free from the use of alcohol or other drugs A group has co-leaders. That is, there are two trained counselors who are facilitating the group together. All of the following are advantages of co- leadership groups EXCEPT: - ANS There is less time spent observing participants The group leader points out defenses, resistances, and transferences as they occur in this type of group. - ANS Psychoanalytic Premature termination of participation in a group usually occurs when an individual is: - ANS Not very motivated Career-oriented, successful ethnic minority women: - ANS Often display unusually high self-efficacy The group that is most affected by the "glass ceiling phenomenon" consists of: - ANS Women who are in careers most often populated by men Which group of students would be least likely to seek out career counseling? - ANS None In dual-career families, the woman typically: - ANS has an established career before having children Compared with high school students who enter the workforce right after graduation, students who go to college can expect to: - ANS Earn about $10,000 more per year Leisure activities are those activities that a professional career counselor:

• ANS May also refer to as avocations Dual-career families engage in leisure time: - ANS Less often than families with one wage earner The role of the professional career counselor involves all of the following EXCEPT: - ANS None of the above

Career choices as expressions of one's personality are to as choices as influenced by genetic endowment, environmental factors, and previous learning experiences are to. - ANS Holland; Krumboltz One of the main premises of theory is that individuals choose occupations that will permit them to use their competencies. - ANS Super's Super describes four stages of career development, beginning in adolescence with the stage, in which a person fantasizes and role-plays in order to clarify the emerging self-concept. In the stage the self-concept adjusts to fit the stabilized career choice and the person tries out various options. - ANS Exploratory; establishment All of the following are assumptions of John Holland's theory of career choice EXCEPT:

• ANS Environment has very little to do with career choices A career counselor who adheres to Holland's theory of career choice may have his clients take the to help determine personality types. - ANS SDS (self- directed search) Which of the following are postulates of Hoppock's theory? - ANS Hoppock's theory of career choice suggests that people choose careers that meet some personal needs. As part of this theory, Hoppock postulates that everyone has personal needs and that an individual reacts to these needs when making career choices. Making career choices involves self-awareness and understanding Which pair seems to go together? - ANS Roe and Hoppock (both believe early development is important to a person's career) According to Roe, career choice is influenced by: - ANS Genetics, parent-child interactions, and unconscious motivators Gender bias would be aroused by which of the following? - ANS A woman entering a male-dominated field, or a man entering a female-dominated field You are a career counselor who is interested in keeping up with trends in the job market so that you can better assist your clients. One of the best ways to keep up with the trends in the job market is to consult the: - ANS The Occupational Outlook Handbook

(OOH)

A 42-year-old woman returns to her career as an HR manager after her children start to

attend school all day. This is an example of: - ANS A re-entry woman A receptionist at a dental office is not allowed to sing or hum at the office, but when she gets home, she turns on the radio and sings her favorite songs as loudly as she can. This is an example of: - ANS The compensatory effect The 20th percentile represents: - ANS The score at or below which 20% of scores in the distribution fall A test is considered "standardized" if it includes: - ANS standard procedures for administering, scoring and interpreting the test, and norms to compare an examinee to. Which of the following sources of information about tests would probably provide the best information about sources and trends in testing and assessment? - ANS Test critiques and manuals, and journal articles Which of the following best describes norms? - ANS The main purpose of norms is to provide meaning to test scores Which of the following best describes a "good" test? - ANS A "good" test is reliable, valid and has norms If college graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates, this would indicate that level of education and income are: - ANS positively correlated (not that one causes the other) A researcher who observes a strong negative correlation between income and mental illness would conclude that: - ANS Those with lower incomes tend to suffer from higher rates of mental illness and those with higher incomes tend to suffer from lower rates of mental illness A test producing the same results from one time to another is to a test measuring what it is supposed to as is to. - ANS reliability; Which of the following are measures of central tendency? - ANS Median and mode (measures of central tendency describe "average" scores) Which of the following pairs correctly describes forms of reliability? - ANS Equivalence and internal consistency Which of the following is TRUE of testing people with disabilities? - ANS Which of the following is the best approach to minimizing or eliminating test bias? - ANS Creating separate norm groups for different groups against whom the test is thought to be biased.

MMPI-A and CPI are to as Rorschach and TAT are Multiple-choice items like those found on the NCE tap skills primarily of: - ANS Recognition An intelligence quotient (IQ) is based on: - ANS Mental age/chronological age X 100 Which of the following is NOT an intelligence test? - ANS MMPI-II

. - ANS Objective tests; subjective tests The Rorschach, TAT, and Rotters Incomplete Sentences are all: - ANS Projective tests One of the major criticisms of projective tests is that they: - ANS Are too subjective A counselor may decide to administer a number of personality tests in order to: - ANS Understand the client more fully, predict his future performance, or evaluate treatment outcomes The key difference between ipsative scales and normative scales is that ipsative scales:

• ANS Provide information about an individual client Jennifer, a Brandon High School graduating senior, took the Geneva Advanced Placement test in mathematics and earned 177 points out of a total of 200 points. This score means that Jennifer did as well or better than: - ANS 89% of the graduating seniors at Glenbrook High School Terry's average score per basketball game is 27 points. This places him sixth among all the forwards in the Midwest basketball league. The level of measurement described in this example is: - ANS Ordinal (these involve ranking according to attributes) A researcher reports a correlation coefficient of -.43 between the amount of television viewing by children and the number of times these children are on the honor roll at school. This means: - ANS There is a moderately negative relationship between how much television a child watches and how often her or his grades are high enough to earn a position on the honor roll. (There is no cause and effect when a correlation coefficient is present) A counselor wants to make sure that the test she is using provides the same scores for people when they retake the test a month later. What should the counselor look for when reviewing the test manual? - ANS Test-retest reliability

A Type I error is to as a Type II error is A t-score has a mean of and a standard deviation of. When applying to graduate school, the admissions committee compares the candidate's scores on the GRE with the candidate's grade point average reported on the college transcripts. This is an example of: - ANS criterion-related validity Only permits a researcher to identify cause and effect. - ANS An experiment A hypothesis is: - ANS A testable prediction An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the individuals running the study know which subjects are in the control group and which are in the experimental group until after the results are tallied is called a study. a. single-blind - ANS Double-blind A researcher wants to conduct a study looking at the effects of systematic desensitization on agoraphobia. In this case, the independent variable is and the dependent variable is. - ANS Systematic agoraphobia (if the question begins with "the effects of," that is going to be the independent variable. The dependent variable is going to have the word "on" close to it.) A researcher reports that p < .05 in his study. This means: - ANS There is a greater than 95% chance that the results obtained are accurate. (With a p < .05, if the researcher were to replicate his experiment 100 times he would get the same results at least 95% of the time.) If a researcher wants to rule out any chances of error, a statistical level of significance needed would be: - ANS p < .001 (If a researcher wants to rule out any chances of error, she is going to want to have a very small p value.)

. - ANS rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true; accepting the null hypothesis when it is false. One way to reduce Type I and Type II errors is to: - ANS increase sample size If a researcher who found a negative correlation between the amount of TV viewing done by children and academic performance were to graph her results, she would use a: - ANS scatterplot ANS 50; 10

An independent variable is the one the experimenter , while A person received a t-score of 40. This means: - ANS Her score fell one standard deviation below the mean. A confounded study is one in which: - ANS there are undesirable variables as part of the experiment Behavior changing as a result of just being part of an experiment is to the as believing that someone with an extensive vocabulary is better at communicating is to the. - ANS Hawthorne effect; effect (The Hawthorne effect is the tendency for participants to change their behavior just because they are participants in a research study; The halo effect is the tendency to generalize about a person based on one trait) The best kind of random sampling technique that would include 10% Asian, 10% Hispanic, and 15% African American, as well as individuals from the majority ethnic group, would be a: - ANS Stratified sampling technique In experimental research, the researcher states a null hypothesis. A null hypothesis states that: - ANS there will be differences found between the experimental and control groups; or there will be no differences between the experimental and control groups (A null hypothesis is one in which the researcher states prior to beginning the research that there will be no differences between groups and that the differences found will be due to chance and not due to being in one group or another) dependent variable is the one the experimenter. - ANS Manipulates; looks at for outcomes A researcher looks at one subject across time and takes numerous measurements throughout the process. This is known as a(n). - ANS Time-series or continuous measurement design A researcher conducts a study in which she looks at the effects of using Nicorette gum on smoking cessation. Most likely, her statistical analysis will include: - ANS A t-test (used with ONE independent variable, one experimental group and one control group) Ethical dilemmas often center on issues related to: - ANS Confidentiality The difference between confidentiality and privileged communication is: - ANS Privileged communication is a legal term, and confidentiality is an ethical concept A malpractice claim can be lodged against a counselor when: - ANS the counselor was negligent, the client suffered physical or psychological injury,

or a professional relationship was established

A counselor wants to discuss the treatment of a particular client with the client's physician. Ethically, the counselor should: - ANS have the client sign a release-of- information consent form prior to any contact with the physician You are the counselor who is taking the on-call services for the evening. An individual calls asking you if her boyfriend is seeing a counselor at your clinic. Your best course of action is to: - ANS Not acknowledge anything You are a counselor who will be seeing a 15-year-old girl who has problems with anxiety. At the initial session, you have her guardian complete the intake questionnaire and sign a permission form giving you permission to treat the girl. You also: - ANS get all the financial information so that the insurance company can be billed, discuss the limits of confidentiality with both the guardian and the teenager, and have the adolescent sign the consent form as well The Code of Ethics is: - ANS a set of standards of best practice Which describes a violation of the "scope of practice" ethical standard? - ANS A counselor uses EMDR with a client who insists on this method of treatment. Tarasoff vs. Board of Regents of the University of California was a landmark case which brought to light the: - ANS duty of the counselor to warn individuals or groups about the potential of imminent danger A client jokingly talks about killing himself during a counseling session. The counselor should assess: - ANS Whether the client has a suicide plan and the means to commit suicide. The APA is a national organization for psychologists. The is a national organization for counselors. - ANS ACA A 52-year-old counselor comes to work inebriated at least twice a week. He would be described as: - ANS An impaired professional In the case described in Question 150, your ethical obligation as a colleague is to: - ANS Confront him about his drinking problem and his impaired functionality A man comes to you with a sexual dysfunction. You have very little experience in treating sexual dysfunctions. According to the ethical code, you should: - ANS Refer him to someone who has experience and training in that area

You are starting an eating disorders group. Ethically, you should An 18-year-old student wants to view his educational records. Your course of action is: - ANS Give him access to these records, as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act affords him this right as an adult student. Your uncle asks you to counsel his daughter who is suffering from depression. This is: - ANS Considered a dual relationship and therefore unethical You saw a client for a year and then terminated the treatment, as all goals were met. Six months later you call this client and ask her for a date. This is: - ANS Unethical You have written a book and an accompanying workbook on managing panic. You require each of your clients who is being seen for a panic disorder to purchase your materials. This is: - ANS Unethical You have written an article that you want to submit to a professional journal. This article needs to be in: - ANS APA format A client wants to enter into treatment with you but does not have insurance. He reports that he can afford to pay you only $25 per session. Your usual fee is $100. In this case, you would: - ANS Consider his financial situation and negotiate a reduced fee if this is warranted A counselor who works for a county agency also has a small private practice. She screens all clients at the county agency and refers those clients with the best insurance benefits to her private practice. This counselor is: - ANS Acting unethically Under the ethical principles of informed consent, a counselor must inform each client of : - ANS the limits of confidentiality, the process of therapy, possible outcomes and risks, and billing. A counselor who has not finished his dissertation has business cards that say "Dr. Dennis Browning, Professional Counselor." He is: - ANS acting unethically by misrepresenting himself as having a doctoral degree when in fact he does not A counselor who has a current caseload of 124 clients decides to close his practice and move to Florida. If the counselor is an ethical professional, he would: - ANS Inform all of his clients of that fact, provide the clients with referrals to other professionals, and notify all clients of the safeguards for the clinical records.

The DSM uses a multiaxial system with five axes. Axis III denotes: - ANS Any physical health related issues A "V" code in the DSM is the: - ANS focus of treatment that is not attributable to a specific mental condition Which name is associated with mental health consultation? - ANS Caplan A female client who was successfully treated for an eating disorder tells other women about her success and recommends you as the expert in treating eating disorders. You treat eating disorders as part of your practice but would not consider yourself an expert. Ethically, you should: - ANS Inform your client and anyone she has referred to you that you are not an expert in treating eating disorders Cases of lead to the most malpractice lawsuits for any mental health provider, including counselors and psychologists. - ANS Sexual misconduct The Education Act for All Handicapped Children (PL 94-142) requires that: - ANS a free and appropriate education be provided for all children with disabilities You receive a referral from a family physician who attends your church. As a thank you, ethically you should: - ANS Send her a thank you note The DSM system of diagnosis is based on - ANS The medical model Which of the following is FALSE regarding family therapy? - ANS Family members usually are aware of how they influence one another The resolution of conflicts and breaking out of destructive habits are the primary goals of: - ANS Couples therapy Mary goes to the emergency room for the seventh time in six months complaining of difficulty breathing and chest pain that came on suddenly. She thinks she is having a heart attack and is afraid she is dying, but the doctor cannot find anything wrong. Her symptoms suggest she might be suffering from. - ANS A panic disorder Active symptoms of schizophrenia involve an of normal thinking processes; passive symptoms involve the of normal traits and abilities. - ANS Exaggeration; absence As with many other systems, families aim to remain stable and reach equilibrium. This is known as: - ANS Homeostasis

One of the goals of family therapy is to help facilitate adaptability. Adaptability from a family therapy perspective means: - ANS Obtaining a balance between stability and change A family of four comes in to see you. As the session begins, the two children and the mother seem to gang up on the father and try to pull you into this. Most likely this family is: - ANS Triangulated During the past several sessions, a heated discussion has occurred between the father and the mother. The gist of the argument stems from the mother's constant attention being focused on the daughter. This is an example of: - ANS Enmeshment A child who throws food at the dinner table is removed from the dining area and told to sit on the stairs for five minutes. This discipline technique is known as: - ANS Time- out A behaviorist family counselor instructs the parents of a 12-year-old boy to tell their son that when he gets his homework done he can play his Xbox. This is an example of:

• ANS The Premack principle One of the differences between individual therapy and family therapy is that family therapists believe in: - ANS A circular model of causality Family systems theory is to as structural family theory is to . - ANS Bowen; Minuchin A marriage and family counselor treating a 10-year-old daughter and her mother tells the daughter that if she loads the dishwasher on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, then she and her mother will go shopping at the mall on Saturday. The counselor then has the mother and the daughter sign a contract to that effect. This is an example of: - ANS Quid pro quo Satir is associated with: - ANS Conjoint family therapy All of the following are goals of Whitaker's symbolic family therapy EXCEPT: - ANS Maximizing language Compared with other counselors, family counselors tend to be more: - ANS Active, flexible and structured Haley assumes that: - ANS The client's symptoms are serving a protective function, the power hierarchy of the family is confused, and the real problem is the family communication family.

A couple comes in to see a counselor who specializes in sex counseling. Before the counselor agrees to treat the couple for sex counseling, she refers the couple for: - ANS A physical exam and medical history consultation by a doctor The main purpose of sensate focus exercises is to: - ANS Eliminate performance anxiety related to sexual functioning When working with blended families, a marriage and family counselor educates family members about the new dynamics within the family structure. More specifically, the counselor discusses: - ANS how adults and children come into the blended family with expectations from their previous families, and how a blended family begins after many losses and changes As founder of many child development centers, could be attributed with being one of the first family counselors. - ANS Adler Adlerian family therapy involves all of the following EXCEPT: - ANS Pinpointing irrational beliefs According to conjoint family therapy, it is important to look at patterns of communication and meta-communication. Meta-communication can be defined as those aspects of communication: - ANS involving how something is said, not what is said In family therapy, the terms "enmeshed" and "disengaged" are most closely associated with: - ANS Minuchin A 10-year-old boy refuses to eat at the dinner table with the rest of the family and often stays home when the family goes to the zoo or a museum. According to Minuchin, this youngster is the family. - ANS disengaged from The role of the therapist in strategic family therapy is to: - ANS Find the myth that keeps a behavior going, understand levels of communication, and focus on levels of organization One of the more common techniques used by marriage and family therapists is reframing. Which of the following is an example of reframing? - ANS A counselor suggests that a mother's constant questioning of the daughter regarding a recent party the daughter attended could be interpreted by the daughter as mistrust rather than love and concern. One family structure that is on the rise in the United States is the: - ANS Multi- generational family

True variance or the coefficient of determination is obtained by: - ANS Squaring the correlation coefficient We can attribute to the ecological systems theory of development. - ANS Bronfenbrenner Which of the following statements most closely reflects the ecological systems theory of development? - ANS It takes an entire nation to raise a child. Using a normal bell curve, where would individuals with average ability fall? - ANS Between the 16th and 84th percentiles A researcher is interested in analyzing the results of 20 studies on the effects of social skills training on playground behavior of elementary school-age children. The best way to analyze all of these studies together is to perform: - ANS a meta-analysis You are a licensed counselor in private practice. In order to get reimbursed by insurance companies, you will need your: - ANS NPI (National Provider Identification)