Psychology of Learning - Exam 1 Study Guide | PSYC 2044, Study notes of Psychology

Download Psychology of Learning - Exam 1 Study Guide | PSYC 2044 and more Study notes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Psychology of Learning Exam 1 ● How we know what we know ○ Uncritical Acceptance ■ Tenacity  accepted because com monly believed ■ Intuition  Com mo n sense ■ Authori ty ○ Critical Acceptance ■ Rationalism - reasoning ■ Empiricis m  experience ■ Science  combination of o ther two ● Learning  change in me n tal s t a te which influences per manen tly ● Innate  no p rior experience, is no t m o dified by experience ● Historical Backgroun d ○ Early Philosophers ■ Plato  all knowledge is already there, you jus t realize it ■ Aristo tle  knowledge comes fro m senses ■ Descar tes  mind / bo dy d ualis m ○ Empiricist s  Knowledge gained th rough sensory experience ■ Hobbes  min d and brain are t he sa me ■ Locke  Same as Aris to tle ■ Hume  Laws of Association ○ Modern Theoris ts ■ Pavlov  Classical Conditioning ● acquisition  initial learning of conditioned res ponse ● extinction  s t rength of conditioned res ponse declines because t he CS is t here withou t t he US, does n' t actually go away ● Pairing CS and US ○ t race conditioning  CS begins an d ends before US is p resented ○ delayed conditioning  US appears as or before CS disap pears ○ sim ultaneous conditioning  CS an d US coincide exactly ○ backward conditioning  CS follows US ● Stimulus Substitu tion theory  CR an d UR are sa me, CS s ubs titu tes US (not really sa me, not a good theory) ● Prepara tory response t heory  what is learned d u ring classical conditioning is a res ponse t ha t p re pares t he organis m for appearance of US ● Contingency theory  association is crea ted when one assesses a correla tion between US and CS (can' t accoun t for blocking) ■ Thorn dike  Operan t Conditioning ■ Skinner  environ men tal causes for behavior