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PTCB EXAM- STUDY GUIDE - PRACTICE EXAM
PHARMACY TECHNICIAN QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS| GRADED A
Side Effect of Steroidal Meds Correct Answer Bruising Moon Face Weight Gain Cephalexin Correct Answer Keflex Amoxicillin clavulanate Correct Answer Augmentin Bacteriostatic Correct Answer prevents the growth of bacteria, but does not kill bacteria Clozapine Correct Answer is an antipsychotic agent Antoconvulsant agent Correct Answer Carbamazepine Clonazepam Phenytoin Forms of Estradiol Correct Answer Climara Estrace Estraderm Premarin Correct Answer contains conjugated estrogens CMS Correct Answer sets regulations regarding standards for resident care as a result of OBRA 87 Pseudoephedrine Correct Answer is contraindicated for an individual with hyper tension Amantadine (Symmetrel) Correct Answer used as influenza A treatment Acyclovir (Overtax) Correct Answer used to treat genital herpes cidofovir(Vistide) Correct Answer is used to treat cytomegalvirus Vidarabine (Vira A) Correct Answer opthalamic agent Diuretics Correct Answer have a tendency to remove potassium from body DUE Correct Answer is mandated under OBRA 90 0.96 liters or 1-liter Correct Answer 1 qt
The maximum #of different Sched II drugs allowed on a form 222 is Correct Answer 10 USP DI, Volume II Correct Answer provides info to assist the pharmacist in counseling patients Drug Facts & comparisons Correct Answer provide info on brand, generic, orphan and investigational meds It also provides drug monograms and drug identifications and calculations USP DI, Volume I Correct Answer provides info for labeled and unlabeled use of meds USP DI Volume III Correct Answer contains state and federal requirements of meds Cocaine is a sched II drug Correct Answer MAOIs and SSRIs must not be taken together Digoxin Lanoxin Correct Answer is a cardiac glycoside diltiazem Correct Answer cortiazem verapamil Correct Answer Isoptin nifedipine Correct Answer Procardia Chemotherapy products Correct Answer should be prepared in a horizontal flow hood What type of ointment base is hydrous lanolin? Correct Answer Water/oil emulsion base fluvastatin Correct Answer LEscol pravastatin Correct Answer Pravachol simvastatin Correct Answer Mevacor Drugs used to treat COPD Correct Answer Albuterol Ipratropium bromide Salmeterol Guaifensin Correct Answer is an expectorant THE CMS Correct Answer replaced HCFA For whom is trazodone contraindicated? Correct Answer for young men Aseptic technique Correct Answer is used in the preparation of intravenous products
Pharmacology Correct Answer the study of how drugs work (mechanism of action) DEA Form 222 Correct Answer is valid 60 days after being written Heparin i Correct Answer is available only as injectable solution Beta Blockers Correct Answer will not interact with oral contraceptives Subcutaneous injections should have angle of insertion Correct Answer 45 degrees Intradermal injections Correct Answer should have 10- 15-degree angle Intramuscular injections should have Correct Answer 90-degree angle Class A Balance Correct Answer is used to weigh quantities less than 120 mg Counter balances Correct Answer can weigh up to 5 kg Sublingual tablets Correct Answer bypass digestive system Alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and hormones Correct Answer are agents used as antineoplastic Used to treat gastrointestinal problems Correct Answer Antacids H receptor antagonist Proton Pump inhibitors Econazole (Spectazole) Correct Answer is an antifungal agent dextromethorphan Correct Answer Non opoid cough suppressant Benzonatate Correct Answer Tessalon Perles- should not be chewed Retrovir Correct Answer Zidovudine Spansules Correct Answer contain small pellets or beads Auralgan Correct Answer is used to treat swimmers ear Used to treat Vertigo Correct Answer Antivert Dramamine Transderm scop itis Correct Answer inflammation malacia Correct Answer softening
pathy Correct Answer disease Albuterol Correct Answer an oral inhalation agent to relieve bronchospasms that should be shaken before used chondr Correct Answer cartilage myel Correct Answer bone morrow Medicare Correct Answer largest single medical benefits program in the US Ipecac Correct Answer an emetic that induces vomiting Emetrol ondansetron promethazine Correct Answer are antiemetic Antidote for an excess of warfarin Correct Answer Phytonadione (Vitamin k) cefuroxine (Cefin) Correct Answer is a second generation cephalosporin Fillers Correct Answer are used to increase the physical size of a tablet Inscription Correct Answer medication being prescribed to the patient Signa Correct Answer directions to the patient Oral routes of administration undergo Correct Answer first pass effect fibromyalgia Correct Answer pain of the muscles capsules Correct Answer can be prepared by punch method Epilepsy Correct Answer disease of the nerves Taking both nitro test and sildenafil Correct Answer will result in hypotension Hard rubber spatula Correct Answer used in handling iodine Dipentum Correct Answer osalazine Rowasa Correct Answer can be either suppository or enema Asacol Correct Answer is a tablet Pentase Correct Answer is a capsule
levoflaxin Correct Answer bacterial infection Accutane Correct Answer isoretinoin Lotensin Correct Answer benazepril insulin lispro Correct Answer humalog ibandronate Correct Answer osteoporosis valsartan Correct Answer hypertension valproate Correct Answer epilepsy cortaid Correct Answer hydrocortisone Effexor XR Correct Answer VENLAFAXINE Toporol XL Correct Answer metaprolol alprazolam Correct Answer Xanax Dyazide or Maxzide Correct Answer may cause photosensitivity Lorabid Correct Answer macrolide antibiotic Keflex, Suprax, Vantin Correct Answer cephalosporin Colchicine Correct Answer is used in the treatment of gout NSAIDS Correct Answer celecoxib Ibuprofen oxaprozin insulin syringes do not come in sizes greater than Correct Answer 1 cc Phenazopyridine (pyridium) Correct Answer my discolor urine orange NPTA Correct Answer founded run and promoted by pharmacy techs OBRA 90 mandated Correct Answer DUE Itraconazole Correct Answer uses pulse dosing Diuretic Correct Answer reduces total peripheral resistance in treatment of hypertension
auxiliary label Correct Answer strip label 2 methods of pharmacy claims submission to third party payer? Correct Answer Electronic and hard copy Folic acid Correct Answer is necessary in the production of red blood cells Generically equivalent drugs Correct Answer Chemically identical in strength, concentration dosage form and route of administration Cardura Correct Answer NSAIDS Estrace Fentanyl Nitroglycerin Correct Answer available as transdermal patch Protamine Sulfate Correct Answer antidote for heparin how long are schedule II drug records kept for Correct Answer 7 years How long are all other records kept for Correct Answer 2 years how many control schedules are there Correct Answer 5 Schedule 1 Correct Answer Each drug has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the U.S Schedule 2 Correct Answer Has a high potential for abuse and may lead to physical or psychological dependence but also has a currently accepted medical use in the u.s. EX: Amphetamines, opium, cocaine, methadone Schedule 3 Correct Answer drugs potential for abuse is less than those in 1 and 2 and there is currently accepted medical use in U.S but abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. EX: anabolic steroids, and various compounds containing limited quantities of narcotic substances such as codeine Schedule 4 Correct Answer Has a low potential for abuse relative to schedule 3 drugs and there is currently accepted medical use in the U.S but abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence EX: Phenobarbital, the sedative chloral hydrate, and the anesthetic methohexital Schedule 5 Correct Answer low potential for abuse relative to schedule 4 drugs. compounds containing limited amounts of a narcotic such as codeine
pharmacopeia Correct Answer an authoritative listing of drugs and issues relating to their use pharmaceutical Correct Answer of or about drugs; also, a drug product. hormones Correct Answer chemical produced by the body that regulate body functions and processes 1970 controlled substance act(CSA) Correct Answer The CSA classifies five levels of drugs (controlled substances) that have potential for abuse and therefore restricts their distribution 1970 poison prevention packaging act Correct Answer requires child-proof packaging on all controlled and most prescription drugs 1938 Food, Drug and cosmetic (FDC) Act Correct Answer in response to the fatal poisoning of 107 people. This comprehensive law requires new drug be shown to be safe before marketing 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment Correct Answer This law defines what drugs require a prescription by a licensed practitioner and require the legend on its label Legend drug Correct Answer any drug which requires a prescription and either of these "legends" on the label: "Caution Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription," or "Rx only" How many testing phases are there in humans Correct Answer 3 Phase 1 Correct Answer 20-100 patients, time: several months, purpose: mainly safety Phase 2 Correct Answer up to several hundred patients, time: several months to two years, purpose: short-term safety but mainly effectiveness Phase 3 Correct Answer several hundred to several thousand patients, time: one to four years, purpose: safety, dosage, and effectiveness How long is a drug patent in effect for Correct Answer 17 years from the date of the drugs discovery (Book) or 20 years from date patent filed (Packet) Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 Correct Answer To provide up to five year extensions of patent protection to the patent holders to make up for time lost while products went through the FDA approval process
Pharmaceutical equivalent Correct Answer drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredients in the same dosage form therapeutic equivalent Correct Answer pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients product labeling Correct Answer important associated information that is not on the label of a drug product itself, but is provided with the product in the form of an insert, brochure, or other document Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act Correct Answer sets daily and monthly restrictions (3.6 grams per day and 7.5 grams per month) What dose Each Set of NDC Numbers indicate Correct Answer First Set: Manufacturer Second set: Indicates the medication, its strength, and dosage form Third Set: indicated package size minimum requirements on prescription labels for most drugs Correct Answer name and address of dispenser, prescription serial number, date of prescription or filing, expiration date, name of prescriber Systolic phase Correct Answer the blood pressure as the heart is pumping blood into the cardiovascular system diastolic phase Correct Answer the blood pressure after the heart has completed a pumping stroke Alveoli Correct Answer a part of the lungs where gases are exchanged between blood and the air nephron Correct Answer the functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing wastes from the blood and producing urine extemporaneous compounding Correct Answer the on-demand preparation of a drug product according to a physician’s prescription, formula, or recipe local effect Correct Answer when drug activity is at the site of administration systemic effect Correct Answer when a drug is introduced into the venous (circulatory) system and carried to the site of activity enteral route Correct Answer refers to anything involving the alimentary tract i.e. from the mouth to the tectum What are the 4 enteral routes of administration Correct Answer oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal
Intranasal administration Correct Answer of some drugs produce blood concentrations similar to where the drug is intravenously administered intradermal administration Correct Answer used for diagnostics, desensitization, and immunization Subcutaneous route Correct Answer can be used for both short term and long term therapies. insulin is the most important drug routinely administered by this route Intramuscular injections Correct Answer generally result in lower but longer lasting blood concentrations than with intravenous administration aseptic techniques Correct Answer techniques or methods that maintain the sterile condition of products pyrogens Correct Answer Chemicals produced by microorganisms that can cause pyretic(fever) reactions in patients osmotic pressure Correct Answer a characteristic of a solution determined by the number of dissolved particles in it isotonic Correct Answer when a solution has an osmolality equivalent to that of blood hypertonic Correct Answer solution has greater osmolality than blood hypotonic Correct Answer when a solution has a lesser osmolality than blood Large Volume Parental Solutions (LVP) Correct Answer are intravenous solutions packaged in containers holding 100ml or more what are common uses of LVP solutions without additives Correct Answer include correction of electrolyte and fluid balance disturbances, nutrition, and vehicles for an administering other drugs Compound sterile preparation Correct Answer a compounded sterile parenteral dosage form that will be parenterally administered Chapter <797> Correct Answer provides guidelines for the development and implication of essential policies and procedures for the safe preparation of CSPs Small volume parental solutions (SVP) Correct Answer are usually packaged products that are either directly administered to a patient or added to another parenteral formulation additive Correct Answer a drug that is added to a parenteral solution
admixture Correct Answer the resulting solution when a drug is added to a parenteral solution ready-to-mix Correct Answer a specially designed mini bag where a drug is put into the SVP just prior to administration. Total parenteral nutrition solution (TPN) Correct Answer complex solutions with two base solutions (amino acids and dextrose) and additional micro-nutrients Total nutrient admixture solution (TNA) Correct Answer a TPN solution that contains intravenous fat emulsion Peritoneal dialysis solution Correct Answer a solution placed in and emptied from the peritoneal cavity to remove toxic substances irrigation solution Correct Answer large volume splash solutions used during surgical or urologic procedures to bathe and moisten body tissue osmosis Correct Answer the action in which a drug in a higher concentration solution passes through a permeable membrane to a lower concentration solution dialysis Correct Answer movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes what are the parts of a needle Correct Answer hub, shaft, bevel, and lumen hub Correct Answer the part of the needle that attaches to the syringe shaft Correct Answer the stem of the needle that provides the overall length of the needle bevel Correct Answer an angled surface at the tip of a needle gauge Correct Answer a measurement with needles: the higher the gauge, the smaller the lumen lumen Correct Answer the hollow center of a needle depth filter Correct Answer a filter that can filter solutions being drawn into or expelled from a syringe but not both ways in the same procedure membrane filter Correct Answer a filter that filters solution as the solution is expelled from the syringe final filter Correct Answer a filter placed immediately before a solution enters a patient’s vein
geometric dilution Correct Answer a technique for mixing two powders of unequal quantity levigation Correct Answer triturating a powder drug with a solvent in which it is insoluble to reduce its particle size flocculating agent Correct Answer electrolytes used in the preparation of suspensions to form particles that can be easily redisposed thickening agent Correct Answer an ingredient used in the preparation of suspensions to increase the viscosity of the liquid immiscible Correct Answer cannot be mixed emulsifier Correct Answer a stabilizing agent in emulsions water-in-oil emulsion Correct Answer an emulsion in which water is dispersed through an oil base oil-in-water emulsion Correct Answer an emulsion in which oil is dispersed through a water base hydrophilic emulsifier Correct Answer a stabilizing agent for water based dispersion mediums lipophilic emulsifier Correct Answer a stabilizing agent for oil based dispersion mediums what is the continental method Correct Answer one of the methods for preparing emulsions. also known as the Dry Gum Method Primary Emulsion Correct Answer the initial emulsion to which ingredients are added to create the final product Compression molding Correct Answer a method of making suppositories in which the ingredients are compressed in a mold fusion molding Correct Answer a suppository preparation method in which the active ingredients are dispersed or dissolved in a melted suppository base what is the objective of Drug Therapy Correct Answer to deliver the right drug in the right concentration to the right site of action, and at the right time to produce the desired effect site of action Correct Answer the location where and administered drug produces and effect
receptor Correct Answer the cellular material located at the site of action that interacts with the drug selective (action) Correct Answer the characteristic of a drug that makes its action specific to certain receptors and tissues agonists Correct Answer drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cellular function antagonists Correct Answer drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. they block receptor action by preventing other drugs or substances from activating them biopharmaceutics Correct Answer the study of the factors associated with drug products and physiological processes and the resulting systemic concentrations of drugs minimum effective concentration (MEC) Correct Answer the blood concentration needed for a drug to produce a response onset of action Correct Answer the time MEC is reached and the response occurs therapeutic window Correct Answer a drugs blood concentration ranges between its MEC and MTC minimum toxic concentration (MTC) Correct Answer the upper limit of the therapeutic window. Drug concentrations above the MTC increase the risk of undesired effects duration of action Correct Answer the time drug concentration is above the MEC What dose ADME stand for Correct Answer absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion Half-life Correct Answer the amount of time it takes for the blood concentration of a drug to decline one-half an initial value disposition Correct Answer a term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes together elimination Correct Answer the processes of metabolism and excretion unionized drugs Correct Answer are more lipid soluble and penetrate biological membranes more easily than ionized drugs ionized drugs Correct Answer associate with water molecules, creating larger particles with reduced penetrating capability
bio equivalency Correct Answer the comparison of bioavailability btwn two dosage forms pharmacogenetics Correct Answer a field of study which defines the hereditary basis of individual distribution metabolism and excretion adverse drug reaction Correct Answer an unintended side effect of a medication that is negative or in some way injurious to a patient’s health idiosyncrasy Correct Answer an unexpected reaction the first time a drug is taken generally due to genetic causes complexation Correct Answer when two different molecules associate or attach to each other displacement Correct Answer a drug that is bound to a plasma protein is removed when another drug of greater binding potential binds to the same protein additive effects Correct Answer the summation in effect when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions are taken synergism Correct Answer when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions produce greater effects than the sum of individual effects potentiation Correct Answer when one drug with no inherent activity of its own increases the activity of another drug that produces an effect primary literature Correct Answer original reports of clinical and other types of research projects and studies secondary literature Correct Answer general reference works based upon primary literature sources tertiary literature Correct Answer condensed works based on primary literature such as textbooks, monographs, etc Drug Facts and Comparisons Correct Answer used to compare medications in the same therapeutic class Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference Correct Answer Used to research foreign drugs AHFS Drug Information Correct Answer Used when investigating off label medication indications
Handbook on Injectable Drugs Correct Answer includes info on preparation, storage, administration, compatibility, and drug stability of injectable drugs Red Book Correct Answer provides the latest pricing information, including nationally recognized AWP's and suggested retail prices for OTC products Orange Book Correct Answer the common name for the FDA's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence In the Orange Book what dose Code A stand for Correct Answer are considered equivalent In the Orange Book what dose Code B stand for Correct Answer Documented as nonequivalent American Drug Index Correct Answer Use this reference to find trade and generic names Merk Index Correct Answer Use when information on chemical attributes of drugs is needed Physicians’ Desk Reference Correct Answer the info is similar the pharmaceutical manufactures drug package inserts since manufactures prepare the essential drug info found in the PDR How often is Remington published Correct Answer every 5 years formulary Correct Answer a list of medications approved for use open formulary Correct Answer a system that allows a pharmacy to use an prescribed medications closed formulary Correct Answer a limited list of approved medications therapeutic equivalent Correct Answer pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients perpetual inventory Correct Answer a system that maintains a continuous record of every item in inventory so that it always shows the current amount of stock on hand point of sale system Correct Answer an inventory system in which the item is deducted from inventory as it is sold or dispensed reorder points Correct Answer minimum and maximum stock levels which determine when a reorder is placed and for how much
