RCLS Final exam ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A, Exams of Experimental Techniques

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RCLS Midterm EXAM 2024 AND PRACTICE EXAM T |ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS |GRADED A | BRAND NEW which period of life is leisure used to master our bodies and learn to socialize - ANSWER Infancy and childhood giving back is central to which stage of life - ANSWER older adulthood campus recreation and wellness is considered - ANSWER non-profit and Community recreation Recreation Therapy - ANSWER uses recreational activity as therapy to restore function in people with disabilities or some illness Therapeutic Recreation - ANSWER seeks to involve people with disabilities and other illnesses in meaningful leisure participation who was the first person to promote the idea that leisure was performed for its own sake - ANSWER Aristotle what are the three innate needs that promote a person's sense of intrinsic satisfaction - ANSWER competence, autonomy, relatedness in Neulinger's paradigm the distinction between leisure and non-leisure is made by - ANSWER Perceived Freedom and intrinsic behavior Unconditional Leisure - ANSWER Freely chosen for their own sake (intrinsic meaning, high Freedom ) Recuperative Leisure - ANSWER chosen to make up for some deficit or less. purpose is to relax, rest, restore a person well being, feel they have no choice because they are tired (intrinsic meaning, low freedom) Relational Leisure - ANSWER those that are freely chosen for the desire of being with others (social meanings, high Freedom) Role- Determined Leisure - ANSWER those chosen to satisfy the expectations of others. have social meaning but person chooses experience because of obligations (social meaning, low freedom) perspective states out our lives are interdependent, and that those close to us help shape and support our behavior - ANSWER linked lives what was the name of the non-medical diagnosis spurred the "No Child Left Inside Act"? - ANSWER nature- deficit disorder the idea of freedom to - ANSWER seizing the possibilities by choosing how to act What are the conditions of flow - ANSWER Provide novelty and complexity provide clear immediate feedback, become more challenging as participants skills increase, skills closely match challenges of activity If your not allowed to join a league because of discrimination, we are experiencing which type of constraint - ANSWER Interpersonal Constraint Intrapersonal Constraint - ANSWER barrier internal to self, personal or psychological characteristics -anxiety -incompetence -lack of motivation Structural constraint - ANSWER typically limited participation after an interest is formed . barriers that go beyond person preference and relationship -time -lack of money -lack of transportation -lack of opportunities This generational cohort came of age in the 1960s. These folks were your hippies, anti- war protesters, and attendees of Woodstock. They work hard and play hard, and will comprise the largest senior citizen population in US history. - Ans - Baby Boomers According to Bronfenbrenner, this sphere of influence or developmental system is the interaction between interpersonal groups closest to us such as families, peers, school, and church: - Ans - Mesosystems How changes shape a person's long-term growth and development is known as: - Ans - Leisure serves as a maintenance function in this stage of life - Ans - When parents introduce children to organized sports and other types of family leisure, we say that children are being - Ans - This social movement aims to challenge the epidemic of overworking and over- scheduling that riddles many American adults looking for a work-life balance: - Ans - Take back time This patriotic, work-before-leisure generation saw hard times in the Depression and World War 2. US Males from this generation went to Korea. - Ans - silent generation (1929-1945) The Lifespan Developmental Perspective specifically posits that: - Ans - human development is lifelong, multidimensional and multidirectional and influenced by culture and biology. leisure occurs over lifespan. To compete in Senior Games, you must be at least: - Ans - This idea from the life course perspective that our lives are interdependent, and that those close to us help shape and support our behavior is known as: - Ans - Linked lives This generational cohort came of age in the 1960s. These folks were your hippies, anti- war protesters, and attendees of Woodstock. They work hard and play hard, and will comprise the largest senior citizen population in US history. - Ans - Baby Boomers According to Bronfenbrenner, this sphere of influence or developmental system is the interaction between interpersonal groups closest to us such as families, peers, school, and church: - Ans - Mesosystems How changes shape a person's long-term growth and development is known as: - Ans - Leisure serves as a maintenance function in this stage of life - Ans - Middle adulthood When parents introduce children to organized sports and other types of family leisure, we say that children are being - Ans - This social movement aims to challenge the epidemic of overworking and over- scheduling that riddles many American adults looking for a work-life balance: - Ans - Take back time Play matters because it promotes: - Ans - According to your text, all of the following except which is a constraint to play? - Ans - According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Collective Play is: - Ans - According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Social Play is: - Ans - Solitary play is when: - Ans - Play is guided by mental rules. - Ans - Onlooker play is when: - Ans - Parallel play is when: - Ans - According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Spectator/Ritual Play is: - Ans - Which of the following is an example of imaginative play? - Ans - This perspective argues that there is no work or leisure but life itself. - Ans - If we want to enhance the relationship between work and leisure, we should do all of the following, except: - Ans - Today's Americans' strong beliefs in values related to work ethic, productivity, the importance of being busy, and seeing leisure time left over, are most strongly related to which time period in the history of Western Civilization? - Ans - If we find that our preference for work is driven by the ability to satisfy needs for autonomy, competence, and interpersonal relatedness, we can safely state that this preference is a result of ____________________________. - Ans - This perspective states that there is no real relationship between work and leisure because these two domains are not necessarily related to each other. - Ans - Researchers Juliet Shor and Godbey & Robinson agree that: - Ans - __________________________ refers to the pursuit and acquisition of material goods. This practice is theorized as a means for demonstrating one's wealth. - Ans - ________________________________ explains situations where our leisure resembles our work. In other words, our work experiences carry over into the non-work arena. - Ans - A person functioning from this viewpoint works in order to make money to meet needs and wants. - Ans - The view of the relationship between work and leisure which states that work and leisure are both rewarding and satisfying human endeavors is called the: - Ans - Which of the following philosophers suggested "we live not for the past or the future, but for the present moment. We will always be measured by our conduct in the present."? - Ans - Augustine Someone who is biased towards viewing the present in light of a generally unhappy/negative view of the past is considered to hold which perspective? - Ans - past-negative Protracted duration refers to when: - Ans - Time seems to pass slowly The concept of time famine suggests that we have insufficient time to get work done. - Ans - False In terms of time-deepening, going to a drive thru restaurant is an example of: - Ans - Speed up Someone who is biased to think about the present in light of a helpless attitude towards life related to an external locus of control is considered to hold which perspective? - Ans - Present-fatalistic Time laxity refers to when: - Ans - There is a lot of time with minimal challenging tasks According to an article in American Health magazine in 1988, what free time activity can lead to better "living"? - Ans - Multitasking (WRONG) In terms of time-deepening, eating a liquid breakfast is an example of: - Ans - Substitute Compressed time refers to when: - Ans - Time seems to speed by Research encompassing the experience of social groups along with interactions between bio-social systems is referred to as: - Ans - Social Science Research Reliability vs. Validity: Results of a study are considered to be reliable when researchers determine that the data collected are related to the exact phenomena under study. - Ans - False Which of the following is a theory developed specifically by the leisure field? - Ans - Evidence-Based Benefits Leisure studies is informed by which of the following social-science fields? - Ans - All of the above (Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Economics) Leisure studies is considered an academic discipline with its own unique knowledge base - Ans - True Which of the following is a type of qualitative data collection? - Ans - All of the above are forms of qualitative data collection (behavioral observations, photo analysis, focus groups, hermeneutic analysis) Present hedonistic - Ans - Someone who is biased to spend the most time thinking about the present in light of hedonistic, risk-taking, attitude towards life is considered to hold which perspective? Time scarcity refers to when: - Ans - Type of time anxiety that is linked to time compression (time is scarce) In terms of time-deepening, going to a drive thru restaurant is an example of: - Ans - Speed up a given work/ leisure activity Which of the following philosophers suggested "we live not for the past or the future, but for the present moment. We will always be measured by our conduct in the present"? - Ans - Augustine In terms of time-deepening, eating a liquid breakfast is an example of: - Ans - Time scarcity Someone who is biased to think about the present in light of a helpless attitude towards life related to an external locus of control is considered to hold which perspective? - Ans - Present-fatalistic The concept of time famine suggests that we have insufficient time to get work done T/F - Ans - False Our perceptions of time remain the same as we age: T/F - Ans - False Time laxity refers to when: - Ans - Opposite of time scarcity- having a lot time with minimal challenging tasks The Brazilian term, Amanha suggests that, whenever it is conceivably possible, people will enjoy today and put off work until tomorrow T/F - Ans - True Time deepening occurs when we use our time in more meaningful ways- reflecting and engaging in intellectual pursuits: T/F - Ans - False According to an article in American Health magazine in 1988, what free time activity can lead to better "living"? - Ans - Volunteering Which of the following perspectives is a blending past-positive, present-hedonistic, and future perspectives? - Ans - Balanced perspective Certain drugs such as __________ can damage the brain and make it nearly impossible to experience happiness and relaxation without drugs - Ans - MDMA Moral codes are a new concept within society T/F - Ans - False An expression of bad manners and carelessness, such as littering is an example of: - Ans - Slovenly vandalism The theory that behaviors we deem moral have contributed to the survival of the species is called - Ans - The Theory of The Moral Mind We refer to "the Dark Side of Leisure" as leisure rather than recreation because: - Ans - Taboo recreation, purple recreation There are three criteria in the legal definition of gambling. Which of the following is not one of them? - Ans - Addiction Our attitude towards the behavior of others that differs from our own is referred to as: - Ans - Tolerable/ Intolerable Deviance According to Nash's pyramid the worst types of behaviors were those that: - Ans - Harm society (acts performed against society) Curtis' Scale is where the term "purple recreation" emerged T/F - Ans - True While against the law, this type of tolerance is not considered a big deal, even by law enforcement - Ans - Criminal The pastimes or leisure activities of lower social or economic classes of people is referred to as: (Helps flush out our understanding of deviance in leisure via contrast) - Ans - Prole Leisure Negative correlations have been found between TV viewing and: - Ans - Fitness levels (Cognitive development of children) The idea that there are groups of people doing different things rather than all together is referred to as: - Ans - Niche Markets Local pastimes shared through direct, oral communication such as jokes, urban legends, children's games, are common examples of: - Ans - Folk culture Over 25% of our free time is spent consuming/ using things related to pop T/F - Ans - True Trends are often dependent on the tastes of the youth. Why? - Ans - Time, Disposable income, Willingness to try new things, Desire to remake, Rejection of the old In bio cultural evolution, transmission refers to: - Ans - Memes are passed from person to person through generations. (school, religions, governments) In bio cultural evolution, selection refers to: - Ans - Focuses on how we select memes or trends Which of the following is an explanation of why popular culture has become more pervasive in the last 15-20 years? - Ans - Increased technology, increased free time, Pop culture has become more broad, Increased in the spectator mentality Contact theory suggests that the best way to increase cooperation and relations between persons who have visible differences or experience conflict is to create a place for personal interaction T/F - Ans - True Leisure has the power to cause economic, political, and cultural change T/F - Ans - True Documentaries are the only kind of Movie and TV shows that have influential social message T/F - Ans - False Leisure sites, such as Zucotti Park, can act as a place of resistance T/F - Ans - True Why does leisure provide an opportunity to challenge constraints? - Ans - Leisure is an activity that is freely chosen and intrinsically motivated Leisure can cause change with respect to: - Ans - Economic, political, cultural, especially social change (ex: gender roles, sexuality, disabilities, race, aging, class status) Women have been underrepresented and underprivileged in leisure beacuse: - Ans - By family resources, childcare, safety, and other obligations Callois called the type of play that occurs in a "game" like a roller coaster ride _______ - Ans - illinx The understanding of leisure as a "state of mind" allows for: - Ans - intrinsic satisfaction and freedom. not dependent on the activity. defined by the meaning it holds for the individual. allows for self-expression, self-achievement, and self-actualization. allows researchers to better understand individuals' perspectives. According to John Kelly's theory of types of leisure, ___________ leisure is the term that describes those leisure experiences or expressions that are freely chosen for intrinsic satisfaction. - Ans - Unconditional In Neulinger's paradigm the distinction between leisure and non-leisure is made by - Ans - perceived freedom was the central determining quality of a leisure state of mind Iso-Ahola's concepts - Ans - considered distinction between leisure experiences and other "non-working" activities. central factors are amounts of self-determination represented by intrinsic motivation. obligatory nonwork, free-time activity participation, leisure participation. A factor that inhibits are participation in leisure is known as a: - Ans - constraint. intrapersonal (ones self), interpersonal (others), structural (lack of money or equipment) If we're not allowed to join a league because of discrimination, we are experiencing: - Ans - interpersonal constraint According to Bronfenbrenner, this sphere of influence or developmental system is the interaction between interpersonal groups closest to us such as families, peers, school, and church: - Ans - microsystem This patriotic, work-before-leisure generation saw hard times in the Depression and World War 2. US Males from this generation went to Korea. - Ans - silent generation (1929-1945) The Lifespan Developmental Perspective specifically posits that: - Ans - human development is lifelong, multidimensional and multidirectional and influenced by culture and biology. leisure occurs over lifespan. A change in status or role throughout life is known as a: - Ans - transitions (trajectories are usually dictated by transitions) The values and social norms we learn from sports and other activities are good examples of how we are: - Ans - socialized "through" leisure. "into" through our families and peers This generation grew up in the Cold War 1980s and had high rates of divorce among their parents. They prefer a work-leisure balance. Fun in the workplace and pragmatic approaches to problem solving are appealing to this group. - Ans - Generation X (1965- 1979) In this period of life, leisure is used to master our bodies and learn to socialize. - Ans - Childhood According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Object Play is: - Ans - play is the medium in which the brain & hand are linked According to the Stuart Brown TedTalk, what are the consequences of play deprivation? - Ans - brain shrunk. dont develop brain. According to the Stuart Brown, humans are incapable of neotony. - Ans - false Relaxation, an older play theory, is: - Ans - similar to kelly's idea of recuperation. According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Social Play is: - Ans - by-product of the play scene. According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Spectator/Ritual Play is: - Ans - watching a baseball game? According to Stuart Brown's Ted Talk, Collective Play is: - Ans - important for groups to gain a sense of safety through sharing of play signals Onlooker play is when: - Ans - child takes interest in other children's play but does not join in. may ask questions or just talk to other children but main activity is to watch A person functioning from this viewpoint works in order to make money to meet needs and wants. - Ans - pessimistic The view of the relationship between work and leisure which states that work and leisure are both rewarding and satisfying human endeavors is called the: - Ans - optimistic perspective __________________________ refers to the pursuit and acquisition of material goods. This practice is theorized as a means for demonstrating one's wealth. - Ans - conspicuous consumption This perspective states that there is no real relationship between work and leisure because these two domains are not necessarily related to each other. - Ans - neutral ____________________________ refers to mass consumerism of the lower classes in an effort to mimic or copy those spending habits of the wealthy. - Ans - pecuniary emulation ___________________ explains a work-leisure association that is a negative relationship. In other words, our work and leisure are very different from each other, and leisure may make up for unfulfilled needs presented in the workplace. - Ans - need satisfaction Today's Americans' strong beliefs in values related to work ethic, productivity, the importance of being busy, and seeing leisure a time left over, are most strongly related to which time period in the history of Western Civilization? - Ans - Protestant work ethic/industrial revolution Compressed time refers to when: - Ans - when time seems to fly by. compression typically occurs when we choose our activities freely In terms of time-deepening, going to a drive thru restaurant is an example of: - Ans - speed up a given work/leisure activity Time deepening occurs when we use our time in more meaningful ways - reflecting and engaging in intellectual pursuits - Ans - false Someone who is biased towards viewing the present in light of a generally unhappy/negative view of the past is considered to hold which perspective? - Ans - past-negative Time laxity refers to when: - Ans - opposite of time scarcity-having a lot of time with minimal challenging tasks Protracted duration refers to when: - Ans - time seems to pass slowly. boredom or total absorption in an activity Someone who is biased to think about the present in light of a helpless attitude towards life related to an external locus of control is considered to hold which perspective? - Ans - present-fatalistic In biocultural evolution, selection refers to: - Ans - how do we select certain memes or trends? why do they stay relevant? A cultural elements passed from one person to the next is considered: - Ans - meme According to Pew Research Center, what percent of millennials get their news from facebook? - Ans - 61%