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RD Exam Practice Test 1 (CDR) QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS TESTED AND VERIFIED UPDATES 2023/2024
Typology: Exams
1 / 86
ANSWERS TESTED AND VERIFIED UPDATES 2023/
/ 1.Which of the following techniques offers the least constructive information to someone being disciplined? Providing advice Focusing on behavior Providing alternatives Focusing on observations: The correct answer is A. The purpose of disciplining is for a manager to provide constructive information to help the subordinate become aware of how his or her actions affect the or- ganization's system. The goal is to provide maximum information with minimum threat. Providing advice is not constructive. Feedback should focus on ideas and information, not advice. 2.Which of the following is NOT a component of meta-analysis? Inclusion criteria are clearly defined Peer-reviewed data are preferred Studies must have a similar design Data are presented in a narrative manner: The correct answer is D. Meta-analysis uses studies with similar design, defines inclusion criteria, and usually uses peer-reviewed articles. There is no criterion or requirement that data have to be presented in a narrative manner. 3.What elements comprise the marketing mix? Product, price, promotion, and place Price, product, popularity, and process Product, promotion, position, and popularity Product, place, position, and process: The correct answer is A. Marketing mix is a combination of product, price, place and promotion to achieve an organization's objectives and to satisfy the target market. A product can be a good, a service, or an idea. Price is the amount of money charged for a product. Promotion is used to
facilitate exchanges by informing prospective customers about a business and its products. Place refers to the location, the place where the product is offered. The terms "popularity," "process," and "position" have no relevance in marketing mix.
2 / 43 4.Which agency approves the use of food additives in breakfast cereal? US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Federal Trade Commission (FTC): The correct answer is C. The FDA regulates use of food additives—including coloring agents considered safe for human consumption and additives that are considered safe for human consumption or generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the scientific community. Any food that contains a food additive that is not deemed safe is considered an adulterated food by FDA standards. 5.Which of the following characteristics is key to an efficient and effective system? Continuous response and adaptation to the system Flow of resources Interdependency of parts Achievement of subunit objectives: The correct answer is C. A system is a collection of interrelated parts or subsystems unified by design to obtain one or more objectives. Interdependency is the reciprocal relationship of the parts of a system; each part mutually affects the performance of the others. Interdependency emphasizes the importance of viewing the organization as a whole rather than as isolated parts. The other responses (ie, continuous response and adaptation to a system, flow of resources through a system, and achievement of subunit objectives) all are isolated parts of a system. 6.One advantage of using a crossover design over a parallel design is a shorter study duration. a smaller sample size. a reduction in variability. a washout period is not needed.: The correct answer is C. Crossover design includes a washout period and does not have to be a
2 / 43 shorter study duration, and sample size does not have to be small. The design uses the same subjects who serve as the control, hence a reduction in variability.
2 / 43 4.Which agency approves the use of food additives in breakfast cereal? US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Federal Trade Commission (FTC): The correct answer is C. The FDA regulates use of food additives—including coloring agents considered safe for human consumption and additives that are considered safe for human consumption or generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the scientific community. Any food that contains a food additive that is not deemed safe is considered an adulterated food by FDA standards. 5.Which of the following characteristics is key to an efficient and effective system? Continuous response and adaptation to the system Flow of resources Interdependency of parts Achievement of subunit objectives: The correct answer is C. A system is a collection of interrelated parts or subsystems unified by design to obtain one or more objectives. Interdependency is the reciprocal relationship of the parts of a system; each part mutually affects the performance of the others. Interdependency emphasizes the importance of viewing the organization as a whole rather than as isolated parts. The other responses (ie, continuous response and adaptation to a system, flow of resources through a system, and achievement of subunit objectives) all are isolated parts of a system. 6.One advantage of using a crossover design over a parallel design is a shorter study duration. a smaller sample size. a reduction in variability. a washout period is not needed.: The correct answer is C. Crossover design includes a washout period and does not have to be a
2 / 43 shorter study duration, and sample size does not have to be small. The design uses the same subjects who serve as the control, hence a reduction in variability.
7.Customer and employee satisfaction are both functions of management. linking processes. environmental factors. outputs of the foodservice system.: The correct answer is D. The outputs are the goods and services that result from transforming the inputs of the system and express how objectives are achieved. Customer and employee satisfaction and financial accountability are desired outcomes in a foodservice system. 8.Which of the following must be true for a food to be labeled "low fat"? Contains less than 0.5 g fat per serving Contains less than 3 g fat per serving Contains 25% less fat than the full-fat food Contains 1/3 fewer calories or 50% less fat than the full-fat food: The correct answer is B. Following food labeling laws, to be identified as low in fat, a serving of food must contain less than 3 g fat. 9.Diagnosis is the second step in the Academy's Nutrition Care Process and Model. Part of the Diagnosis step is to document PES. PES stands for. Problem, Etiology, Signs and Symptoms Plan, Education, Significant Results Proposal, Efficacy, Strategies Policy, Establish, Skills: The correct answer is A. PES stands for Problem, Etiology, Signs and Symptoms. Documentation of PES incorporates information gained during the Nutrition Assessment step of the Nu- trition Care Process to identify the problem and the evidence presented by what the patient is experiencing
10. Dietetic students finishing supervised practice should be able to utilize food and nutrition management systems, client educational materials, and
prescribe TPN formulas. create organizational mission statements.
generate appropriate statistical analyses. work with electronic health records.: The correct answer is D. Entry-level practitioners need to have a general awareness of entry-level informat- ics skills, which include electronic health records, food and nutrition management systems, and educational print materials.
11. Daily Values are nutrient standards derived from the Daily Reference Values and the Reference Daily Intakes. Recommended Dietary Intakes. Reference Dietary Allowances. Recommended Daily Allowances.: The correct answer is A. Daily Values are nutrient standards derived from the Daily Reference Values (DRV) and Reference Daily Intakes (RDI). DRVs are provided for total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, total carbohydrate, dietary fiber, sodium, potassium, and protein. RDIs are provided for vitamins; minerals; and protein for children younger than 4 years of age and for pregnant and lactating women. In order to limit consumer confusion, however, the label includes a single term (ie, Daily Value [DV]), to designate both the DRVs and RDIs. 12. Which word best describes doing things correctly or getting the most output from the least amount of input? Efficient Effective Economical Expedient: The correct answer is A. Efficiency is "doing things right." Effectiveness is "doing the right things." Econom- ical describes prudent use of resources. Expedient describes doing something quickly. 13. If a person with type 1 diabetes experiences dramatically low blood glucose and becomes unconscious, the most appropriate action would be to
give three hard candies and administer insulin. give 4 oz fruit juice and administer insulin.
give 4 oz fruit juice and administer glucagon. administer glucagon and call 9-1-1..: The correct answer is D. Since the patient is unconscious/unresponsive, glucagon should be administered as the first-line treatment. A glucagon injection will mobilize glucose from the liver to raise the blood sugar level. This treatment minimizes risk of choking for patients who are not conscious. Contact emergency services immediately after administering the glucagon injection.
14. Which agency determines the safety of new pesticides and sets a toler- ance level for all pesticides and their residue in food? Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): The correct answer is D. The EPA is responsible for determining the safety of any pesticide before it can be used on a commodity food. Once approved for use, the EPA is responsible for setting tolerable residue limits for pesticides on food. Once these tolerance levels are set by the EPA, enforcement is overseen by the FDA. 15. When the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize niacin from which amino acid? Phenylalanine Valine Tyrosine Tryptophan: The correct answer is D. Tryptophan is an amino acid that is converted to niacin in the liver. An estimated 1 mg niacin is made from the ingestion of 60 mg tryptophan. 16. What is the intended purpose of Healthy People 2020? To guide the efforts of health professionals who provide care for individuals with chronic diseases. To guide the allocation of federal money intended to promote wellness.
To establish a set of national goals and objectives designed to guide health promotion and disease prevention efforts. To establish nationally approved guidelines for improving food selection
behaviors among the population.: The correct answer is C. Healthy People 2020 is a set of national goals and objectives designed to guide health promotion and disease prevention efforts to improve the nation's health over a 10-year period.
17. Which of the following disease states may require a fluid restriction? Liver disease with ascites Chronic renal failure Congestive heart failure All of the above.: The correct answer is D. All of the disorders listed feature abnormal levels of Na and K so fluids must be restricted to help reduce edema and other forms of fluid retention. 18. Which of the following flooring materials would be best suited for high-traffic cooking areas? Ceramic tiles Quarry tiles Concrete Rubber: The correct answer is B. Quarry tile is wear resistant and nonporous. Ceramic tile is best used on walls. Concrete is hard, tires employees by causing muscle fatigue, and may cause accidents if individuals slip or fall when the floor is wet. Rubber floors are more difficult to clean. 19. The variable that is manipulated in an experimental research study is the dependent variable. independent variable. population variable. individual variable.: The correct answer is B. The independent variable is the variable that is changed or manipulated in exper- imental research to determine outcome.
20. Consumption of high levels of folate supplements can mask a(n) deficiency.
niacin vitamin B iron vitamin B12: The correct answer is D. Folate supplements will help the body recover from anemia that occurs from a deficiency of folate and vitamin B12. However, without adequate vitamin B12, neurological problems progress and become irreversible.
21. When preparing a PES statement in situations where there are diagnoses from multiple domains, the dietetics professional should give preference to the diagnosis related to: intake. physical conditions. knowledge. food safety.: The correct answer is A. Intake is the only area of concern at this point in the process so it is the priority. 22. The implementation of more liberal food choices in the menu planning process for long-term-care (LTC) settings has been associated with which of the following? Increased risk for obesity among LTC residents Increased nutrient and fluid intake among LTC residents Reduced nutrient and fluid intake among LTC residents Reduced customer satisfaction: The correct answer is B. Liberalizing food choices in long-term care encourages older adults to increase food consumption and meal satisfaction. It does not increase obesity risk. 23. Consider the following statement from a patient during a nutrition con- sult: "I really want to improve my lunch choices by packing my own lunch, but I'm afraid I'll miss the social time with my coworkers." In the setting of motivational interviewing, this is an example of:
change talk. sustain talk. developing discrepancy. resistance.: The correct answer is B.
The client's statement is not change talk because it argues for the status quo. Developing discrepancy is a technique employed by the clinician. Motivational interviewing rejects the concept of resistance and understands ambivalence is a natural component of the change process. The client's statement is an example of sustain talk.
24. Participants are randomly assigned to follow one of three specific diets plans for 7 weeks to assess the impact of varying amounts of high- fructose corn syrup consumption on serum triglyceride levels. What kind of study is this? Experimental Case-Control Qualitative Descriptive: The correct answer is A. In experimental study design, participants are randomly assigned to treatment groups. This does not occur in case control or qualitative studies. "Descriptive" is not a type of study. 25. Which of the following changes in eating pattern has research shown to most positively contribute to a decrease in energy consumption among children? Children participating in family-style meals at home Children being provided a child-special meal. Parents or caregivers serving children on individual plates Parents or caregivers providing scheduled meals and snacks in the home: - The correct answer is A. Participating in family-style meals at home discourages children from overeating. 26. Which of the following agencies oversees voluntary inspection and grad- ing of fish and fish products? Department of the Treasury Food and Drug Administration (FDA) US Department of Commerce (USDC)
US Department of Agriculture (USDA): The correct answer is C.
Inspection of fish and fish products, which are not subject to mandatory grading, is overseen by the USDC's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The NMFS will provide inspection of fish, fisheries, and seafood for a fee. The requirements for inspection of fish and seafood are set by the FDA but carried out by the NMFS. The FDA is responsible for all fish imports into the United States.
27. The following blood test result puts a patient at greatest risk for develop- ing heart disease: elevated cholesterol. low triglycerides. elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-buoyant particles of cholesterol Elevated LDL-dense particles of cholesterol: The correct answer is D. Elevated LDL-dense particles of cholesterol are most likely to lead to inflammatory heart disease and plaque formation. 28. During a snow storm, the assistant cook (AC) can't get to work. The person working in the "floater" position is unable to take over all AC respon- sibilities but is somewhat confident and is willing to assist the head cook in preparing items on the daily production schedule. To be most effective, what would be the manager's approach? A. Provide specific instructions (ie, "do this") to the willing employee and closely supervise performance. B. Define roles and tasks for the willing employee, provide opportunity for role clarification and questions, and give support. C. Listen to the willing employee, share ideas, facilitate in decision making, encourage, and praise. D. Turn over responsibility for decisions and implementation to the willing employee and head cook. Provide occasional recognition.: The correct an- swer is B. Defining roles and tasks and providing opportunity for role clarification and ques- tions allows the floater the opportunity to redefine his or her role and to take on a different task. The manager empowers the floater this way by supporting the new role, which should result in more confidence to change roles.
29. Overweight is defined as a BMI of:
19 to 24. 25 to 29. 27 to 32. 31 to 36.: The correct answer is B. Overweight BMI is 25.0-29.9. Obesity (class 1) BMI is 30.0-34.9. Class 2 BMI is 35.0-39.9. Severe obesity (class 3) BMI is 40.0-49.9
30. Heat applied to a food will denature which of the food's components? Vitamins Proteins Carbohydrates Fats: The correct answer is B. Denaturation of proteins occurs when foods are subjected to heat, agitation, or ultraviolet light. Denaturation is the relaxing of a protein's tertiary structure to the secondary structure. Heat can degrade vitamins, fats, and carbohydrates. 31. must be up to date and reflect consistent expectations. Personnel policies Vacation schedules Equipment Menus: The correct answer is A. Personnel policies should reflect current realities of the workplace. Supervisors should employ these policies to ensure that employees are being treated fairly and expectations are consistent. 32. Which of the following statements is accurate concerning fruit juice? Intake of juice should be limited to 4 to 6 oz per day for children 1 to 6 years of age. Juice may be introduced at 4 months of age. Juice should be given in the bedtime bottle to help infants sleep all night. It is safe to give young children unpasteurized juice.: The correct answer is A.
Juice should not be introduced until 6 months of age, and bedtime bottle feeding and unpasteurized juice in young children increase the risk for tooth decay or
"bottle mouth" and foodborne illness. The accurate statement is that juice intake should be limited in children aged 1 to 6 years.
33. Standards of identity that specify minimum and maximum ingredient requirements, optional ingredients, and prohibited ingredients in a food product are established by which federal agency? Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA): The correct answer is D. The FDA established standards of identity for common food products to ensure quality and consistency. These standards clearly define required ingredients and specified amounts of these ingredients, as well as prohibited ingredients in foods. Foods must conform to the defined standards of identity to use the corresponding food name (eg, mayonnaise). 34. The Nutrition Care Process model consists of: outcomes management systems. dietetics knowledge. critical thinking skills. all of the above.: The correct answer is D. The Nutrition Care Process model is different from the nutrition care process itself. The model encompasses all of the areas listed, not just the Assessment, Diagnosis, Intervention, and Monitoring & Evaluation steps. 35. A storeroom staffed with a full-time employee would be considered a(n) of a university residence hall foodservice. input subsystem interface technical core: The correct answer is B. A subsystem is a complete system unto itself (such as a storeroom)
that is part of a larger system (in this case, a university residence hall foodservice).
36. Which of the following situations best describes why an older adult may become dehydrated?
Fear of incontinence Living alone Low income Poor intake of fruit: The correct answer is A. Fear of social embarrassment by not making it to the bathroom may keep an older adult from adequately hydrating.
37. The FDA defines the term "gluten- free" to mean that the food bearing the claim contains no more than parts per million (ppm) or mil- ligrams (mg) or more gluten per kilogram (kg) of food. 5, 10 10, 15 15, 15 20, 20: The correct answer is D. In 2013, the FDA issued a final rule to define the term "gluten-free" for voluntary use in the labeling of foods. The final rule defines the term "gluten-free" to mean that the food bearing the claim does not contain an ingredient that is a gluten-containing grain (eg, spelt wheat); an ingredient that is derived from a gluten-containing grain and that has not been processed to remove gluten (eg, wheat flour); or an ingredient that is derived from a gluten-containing grain and that has been processed to remove gluten (eg, wheat starch), if the use of that ingredient results in the presence of 20 parts per million (ppm). 38. Which of the following foods must a child with phenylketonuria avoid? Egg Banana Rice French fries: The correct answer is A. Children with phenylketonuria are unable to metabolize the amino acid phenylala- nine to tyrosine because of a deficiency or inactivity of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Thus, phenylalanine intake must be restricted