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A series of multiple-choice questions and answers related to red cross lifeguarding practices and procedures. It covers a wide range of topics, including the primary responsibilities of a lifeguard, safety checklists and rules for lakefront swimming areas, different types of lifeguard stations, factors to consider when deciding how to enter the water for a rescue, and appropriate care for various medical emergencies such as cardiac arrest, seizures, and spinal injuries. Detailed explanations for the correct answers, making it a valuable resource for lifeguards, lifeguarding instructors, and anyone interested in learning about best practices in water safety and rescue.
Typology: Exams
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What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? A | To encourage patrons to participate in water safety educational programs B | To prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at their aquatic facility C | To schedule and participate in frequent inservice trainings D | To deliver patron safety orientations and administer swim tests - Correct Answers ✅B Lifeguards should: A | Keep a cell phone in their hip packs at all times, in case of emergency. B | Stay alert by eating at the lifeguard stand. C | Always be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty. D | Assist patrons with swim testing when on surveillance duty - Correct Answers ✅C
A lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. What legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard? A | Negligence B | Abandonment C | Refusal of care D | Consent - Correct Answers ✅A
Which list of typical safety checklist items, along with others, applies to a lakefront swimming area? A | Water chemistry, circulation system, drain covers, starting blocks B | Bottom conditions, pier attachments, buoys, safety lines C | Emergency shut offs, tubes, communication between ride dispatch and landing D | Wave height, tide charts, rip currents, beach flags - Correct Answers ✅B Which list of typical rules, along with others, applies to a lakefront swimming area? A | No diving in shallow water, no running on pool deck, shower before entering the water B | Ride slides feet-first, stay on tubes, observe minimum height or weight requirements
C | No swimming under piers, no fishing near swimming area D | Shower before entering, limit time in high temperature water, remove swim caps - Correct Answers ✅C Roving Stations A. Puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists B. Used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of a swimming area C. Ideal for a single guard facility D. Good to use with a crowded zone - Correct Answers ✅D Elevated Stations A. Puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists B. Used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of a swimming area C. Ideal for a single guard facility D. Good to use with a crowded zone - Correct Answers ✅C Ground-Level Stations A. Puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists
B. Used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of a swimming area C. Ideal for a single guard facility D. Good to use with a crowded zone - Correct Answers ✅A Floating Station A. Puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists B. Used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of a swimming area C. Ideal for a single guard facility D. Good to use with a crowded zone - Correct Answers ✅B You are guarding a lap swim with only two patrons. All of the following will help you deal with the monotony EXCEPT for which? A | Stay fully engaged and do not let attention drift. B | Change body position and posture periodically. C | Swing your whistle lanyard. D | Sit upright and slightly forward. - Correct Answers ✅C
It is very hot in your facility and you are starting to doze on the stand. All of the following can help you stay alert EXECPT for which? A | Stay in a cooler area during breaks. B | Stay hydrated while drinking plenty of water. C | Rotate more frequently. D | Jump in the pool while on surveillance duty to cool off. - Correct Answers ✅D You are distracted by the glare of the lights on the water and the water movements are making it hard to see all areas of your zone. Circle all acceptable options. A | Wear polarized sunglasses. B | Adjust your body position; stand up to look around and through the glare spots. C | Reposition the lifeguard station with the permission of your supervisor. D | Be aware of the normal appearance of the bottom of the pool; know the
appearance of drains, colored tiles or painted depth markings. E | Do not change your position as the lifeguard stations are placed to be ascetically pleasing. - Correct Answers ✅A, B, C, D Which scanning challenge often occurs at waterfronts but should not exist at pools? A | Distractions B | Heavy patron loads C | Murky water D | High air temperature - Correct Answers ✅C Who normally provides training for watercraft used at some waterfront facilities? A | The lifeguard's training agency B | The lifeguard figures it out C | Facility management D | The U.S. Coast Guard - Correct Answers ✅C
At waterfront facilities using swim tests for group visits, areas for nonswimmers should: A | Begin in shallow water and grade seamlessly into deep water appropriate for swimmers. B | Be separated from the swimmer area with a continuous barrier, such as a pier or buoyed lifeline. C | Extend slightly into deep water for practice. D | Include designated deep water areas for diving. - Correct Answers ✅B Rescue Equipment check/corrective action Signal Return to duty Report, advise, release - Correct Answers ✅2, 4, 1, 5, 3 When completing a report, you should: A | Include all details about the incident, including your opinion about how the
incident happened. B | Allow witnesses to discuss their thoughts about the incident before compiling their statement onto one report. C | Collect all factual information about what was seen, heard and the actions taken. D | Not allow the victim to leave until you have completed the report and your supervisor has signed it. - Correct Answers ✅C Who should deal with questions from the media after an incident? Select all that apply. A | The lifeguard who performed the rescue B | The front desk attendant who called 9-1- C | The facility manager D | The company spokesperson E | EMS personnel - Correct Answers ✅C and D
Members of the safety team, including non-lifeguard personnel, should be: A | The lifeguard who performed the rescue B | The front desk attendant who called 9-1- C | The facility manager D | The company spokesperson E | EMS personnel A | Trained and certified in first aid and CPR/AED at the same level of the lifeguard team (for professionals). B | Trained in first aid and CPR for non-professionals. C | Trained in CPR if they are interested in receiving training. D | Trained to follow the other EAP duties that do not involve providing care. - Correct Answers ✅A An EAP for a missing person includes quickly checking if the person is in the water. Checking for a submerged victim is most difficult for which area? A | Spa with the bottom obscured by
water jets B | Lap swimming area in a pool with lane lines C | Underneath play structures in a swimming pool D | Underneath play structures at a waterfront with murky water - Correct Answers ✅D What are some factors that should be considered when deciding how to enter the water? Select all that apply. A | Location of the victim B | Location of other swimmers C | Size of the victim D | Condition of the victim E | Water temperature F | Your location G | Facility design/set-up H | Type of equipment used - Correct Answers ✅A, B, D, F, G, H
You are approaching a victim who is vertical in the water, near the surface in 4 feet of water. The victim is facing you and appears to be unconscious. A | Active Victim Front Rescue B | Passive Victim Front Rescue C | Passive Victim in Extreme Shallow Water-Face-Up D | Submerged Victim in Shallow Water - Correct Answers ✅B You are approaching a child who is facing away from you and struggling to keep their head above water. A | Active Victim Rear Rescue B | Active Victim Front Rescue C | Passive Victim Rear Rescue D | Passive Victim Front Rescue - Correct Answers ✅A You are approaching a victim from behind who appears to be unconscious. A | Passive Victim Front Rescue followed by Extrication Using a Backboard B | Passive Victim Rear Rescue followed by a
Two-Person Extrication C | Passive Victim Front Rescue followed by a Walking Assist D | Passive Victim Rear Rescue followed by Extrication Using a Backboard - Correct Answers ✅D A victim in the water is not breathing. A | Always remove a victim who is not breathing from the water as soon as possible to provide care. However, if doing so will delay care, then perform inwater ventilations until you can remove the victim. B | Give ventilations in the water, then remove the victim from the water. C | Give ventilations and CPR in the water for 1 minute, 30 seconds and then remove them from the water. D | Wait for additional assistance to remove the victim from the water. - Correct Answers ✅A
Touching soiled dressings that are contaminated with potentially infectious material is an example of: A | Indirect contact B | Direct contact C | Droplet contact D | Vector-borne contact - Correct Answers ✅A Examples of work practice controls include: A | Disposing of sharp items in puncture resistant, leak-proof, labeled container B | Removal and proper disposal of soiled protective clothing as soon as possible C | Cleaning/disinfecting all equipment and work surfaces possibly soiled by blood or other potentially infectious material D | All of the above - Correct Answers ✅D The OSHA recommended solution to use for disinfecting contaminated or soiled equipment and surfaces is:
A | 4 cups of bleach per gallon of water B | 1 cup of ammonia per gallon of water C | 1/4 cup of antibacterial soap per gallon of water D | 1 part bleach per 9 parts water - Correct Answers ✅D Perform a primary assessment. Provide care for the conditions found. Summon EMS, if needed and not already done. Size up the scene. Report, advise and release. Perform a secondary assessment. - Correct Answers ✅2, 5, 3, 1, 6, 4 When caring for a person in respiratory distress: A | Ask the victim to stand and lean back to make breathing easier. B | Determine the exact cause of respiratory distress before providing initial care. C | Do not allow the victim to take their prescribed medication. D | Maintain an open airway and summon
EMS personnel. - Correct Answers ✅D When checking to see if someone is breathing (circle all that apply): A | Look to see if the victim's chest clearly rises and falls. B | Check for breathing before checking for a pulse. C | Check for breathing and a pulse simultaneously. D | Look away from the victim's chest. E | Keep the victim's mouth closed. F | Listen and feel for air against the side of your face. - Correct Answers ✅A, C, F When giving ventilations to an adult who is not breathing but has a definitive pulse, you should give ventilations: A | 2 every 5 to 6 seconds B | 2 every 3 seconds C | 1 every 3 seconds D | 1 every 5 to 6 seconds - Correct Answers ✅D
When giving ventilations to a child who is not breathing but has a definitive pulse, you should give ventilations: A | 2 every 5 to 6 seconds B | 2 every 3 seconds C | 1 every 3 seconds D | 1 every 5 to 6 seconds - Correct Answers ✅C All of the following describe appropriate care for a conscious person with an airway obstruction (choking) EXCEPT: A | Check the victim for breathing and a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. B | Perform a combination of 5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts. C | Obtain consent; if the victim is a child, get consent from a parent or guardian. D | If the victim cannot cough, speak or breathe, activate the EAP and have someone summon EMS. - Correct Answers ✅A
Signs of cardiac arrest include (circle all that apply): A | Sudden collapse B | Vomiting C | No pulse D | Unresponsiveness E | Rapid pulse - Correct Answers ✅A, C, D What is the appropriate compression depth when providing CPR on an adult? A | At least 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches B | At least 2.4 inches but no more than 3 inches C | 2 inches D | 1½ inches - Correct Answers ✅A When providing two-rescuer CPR, when should rescuers change positions? A | At least every 2 minutes B | After 5 cycles of 30 compressions and
2 ventilations C | During the analysis of the AED D | All of the above - Correct Answers ✅D Remove the person from the water. Perform a primary assessment. Support the person with their head above water until the seizure ends. Summon EMS personnel. If breathing normally, position the victim on their side and monitor airway and breathing. - Correct Answers ✅3, 2, 4, 1, 5 You are conducting a secondary assessment on an adult patron who lost their balance on the pool deck. The patron is slurring his speech while explaining that his arm is feeling numb. What sudden illness could this patron be experiencing? A | Cardiac arrest B | Diabetic emergency C | Seizure D | Stroke - Correct Answers ✅D
The following are signs and symptoms of shock, EXCLUDING: A | Altered level of consciousness B | Warm or dry skin C | Restlessness or irritability D | Nausea or vomiting - Correct Answers ✅B Check for responsiveness and breathing. Activate the EAP. Perform a rescue providing manual in-line stabilization. Re-assess the victim's condition and provide appropriate care. Safely enter the water. Remove the victim from the water using the appropriate spinal backboarding procedure. - Correct Answers ✅4, 3, 1, 6, 2, 5 You enter the water to rescue a victim with a suspected spinal injury. You determine that the victim is not breathing. What should you do next? A | Remove the victim from the water using the Passive Victim Extrication technique. B | Remove the victim from the water using
the Spinal Backboarding procedure. C | Remove the victim water using a Modified Spinal Backboarding procedure. D | Delay removal from the water and provide 2 minutes of in-water ventilations. - Correct Answers ✅A The following statements describe appropriate rescue techniques for a victim with a suspected spinal injury, EXCEPT: A | If the victim is in shallow water, you do not need to use a rescue tube to support yourself. B | If the victim is submerged, you should not use the rescue tube when submerging and bringing the victim to the surface. C | If the victim is small and is in shallow water, you do not need to use a backboard to extricate the victim. D | If the victim is at the surface in deep water, you may need a rescue tube to support yourself and the victim. - Correct Answers ✅C
Special considerations for spinal injuries at a facility with a beach or other zero-depth entry may include: A | Injury from board diving and extrication from deep water onto a pier high above the water. B | Injury from exiting a slide and dealing with current in a catch pool. C | Injury from plunging during a running entry, in-line stabilization and extrication from extremely shallow water. D | Injury from fall from play structure, dealing with victim's life jacket during stabilization and extrication. - Correct Answers ✅C