REGIS NU643 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023 2024, Exams of Health sciences

Download REGIS NU643 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023 2024 and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! REGIS NU643 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2023- 2024 Week 15 Quiz 1. A 28 y.o. male presents with a severe alcohol abuse problem and you are discussing pharmacotherapy as part of his treatment plan. You advise naltrexone and use which of the following statements to help with you explanation? Select one:a.Naltrexone blocks mu-opioid receptors to reduce the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking. 2. A 73-year-old male presents as a new patient with a history of long-term use of clonazepam 1mg QID. Which of the following actions is appropriate in the first visit? Select one: d. Assess for safety, educate about the associated risks of benzodiazepines, begin discussion about tapering the medication, obtain and document informed consent. 3. A clinician is considering treatment options for a 28-year-old female with ADHD who has a history of alcohol and marijuana abuse. Which of the following statements accurately explains the effects of different stimulant formulations on neuronal firing? Select one: a. Pulsatile stimulation amplifies undesirable phasic dopamine and norepinephrine firing, which can lead to euphoria and abuse. 4. According to DSM-5 criteria, what is the maximum age threshold for symptom onset when determining a diagnosis of ADHD? Select one: c.12 5. Based on the Carlat reading, "Diet and Mental Health," what dietary recommendations would be most useful for mental health patients? Select one: d. Specific suggestions for following a whole-food diet. 6. Buspirone is indicated for which anxiety disorder? Select one: a. Generalized anxiety disorder 7. Carbamazepine has a half-life of approximately 12 hours. The clinical implications of this are . Select one: c. therapeutic blood monitoring of carbamazepine should not occur before 2½ days of starting the medication. 8. Elimination of a drug can be impacted by all of the following scenarios EXCEPT .Select one: a. a low-fat diet 9. Nootropics are best described as .Select one: b. supplements that are believed to enhance cognition 10. Problems with selective attention associated with ADHD are hypothetically regulated by the: Select one: a. anterior cingulate cortex 11. The medication side effect mostly to result in aggression or violence is . Select one: a. akathisia 12. The psychiatric disorder(s) most likely to result in aggression or violence is (are) . Select one:b. substance use disorders 13. Use the following CYP450 table to hypothesize drug interactions and their clinical significance for a patient on sertraline who begins regularly taking over-the-counter ibuprofen. Select one: e. There is no theoretical interaction between these two medications. 14. What pathway mediates prolactin and is involved in changes in prolactin levels? Select one: d .Tuberoinfundibular 15. When a patient achieves remission of depression, what is the recommended length of time that treatment should continue? Select one: a.The recommended length of treatment depends on the number of depressive episodes that a patient has had. 16. When comparing naltrexone with acamprosate for alcohol dependence, which of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: d. Acamprosate and naltrexone are equally effective with similar side effect profiles. 17. When comparing serotonin syndrome to hypertensive crisis, which of the follow statements is TRUE? Select one: d. Although both syndromes have muscular symptoms, only serotonin syndrome has hyperreflexia and myoclonus. 18. When considering length of action of benzodiazepines, which of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: d. Both short-acting and long-acting benzodiazepines have been associated with increased risk for the development of dementia. impairment after long-term lithium treatment is a common adverse side effect. 28. Which of the following statements about lithium carbonate is TRUE? Select one: testing has shown modest benefit in predicting response to antidepressant treatment. 19. Which of the following statements about genetic testing for psychiatry is TRUE? Select 11. Which of the following methods of drug delivery is slowest to reach the bloodstream? Select one: b. Oral pills 12. A clinician is considering treatment options for a 28-year-old female with ADHD who has a history of alcohol and marijuana abuse. Which of the following statements accurately explains the effects of different stimulant formulations on neuronal firing? Select one: a .Pulsatile stimulation amplifies undesirable phasic dopamine and norepinephrine firing, which can lead to euphoria and abuse. : Pulsatile delivery of stimulants can cause a frequent and rapid increase in norepinephrine and dopamine, and this amplifies phasic firing. Phasic firing is thought to be associated with reward, feelings of euphoria, and abuse potential 13. Problems with selective attention associated with ADHD are hypothetically regulated by the: Select one: a. anterior cingulate cortex 14. Which of the following statements about disulfiram is true? Select one: a. Disulfiram works by d. Tubero infundibular 16. Use the following CYP450 table to hypothesize drug interactions and their clinical significance for a patient on sertraline who begins regularly taking over-the-counter ibuprofen. Select one: e. There is no theoretical interaction between these two medications. 17. Which of the following statements is true about drug distribution? Select one d. Protein binding of psychotropic drugs can impact their availability at receptor sites. 18. Which of the following statements is TRUE about neuronal gene expression? Select one: a. Environmental factors can alter a neuron's gene expression. c. Genetic 20. An understanding of epigenetics helps us to understand how events in the environment can alter gene expression. Select one: a. True 21. Which of the following describes a component of pharmacodynamics? Select one: c. The receptor binding site of the drug 22. Elimination of a drug can be impacted by all of the following scenarios EXCEPT . Select one: a. a low-fat diet 23. Which of the following antidepressant side effects may resolve with time? Select one: b. Agitation 24. Which of the following statements about FDA warnings and antidepressants in children and adolescents is TRUE? Select one: c. For moderate to severe anxiety and depression, antidepressant benefit may outweigh risks. 25. A 28 y.o. male presents with a severe alcohol abuse problem and you are discussing pharmacotherapy as part of his treatment plan. You advise naltrexone and use which of the following statements to help with you explanation? Select one: a. Naltrexone blocks mu-opioid receptors to reduce the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking. 26. When prescribing atypical antipsychotic medications, which of the following statements is MOST true? Select one: c. Atypical antipsychotics are not approved for the treatment of geriatric dementia- related psychosis and carry increased risk of mortality in this population 27. Which of the following statements about benzodiazepines in the treatment of bipolar disorder is TRUE? Select one: c. Adjunctive use of benzodiazepines with mood stabilizers is useful for agitation and insomnia. c. Kidney 29. Which of the following statements is TRUE about mirtazapine? Select one: c. Mirtazapine has side effects of weight gain and sedation. 30. Which of the follow statements is TRUE about antidepressant side effects? Select one:c. Discussing possible side effects before starting medication is associated with patients staying on medications longer. blocking the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. 15. What pathway mediates prolactin and is involved in changes in prolactin levels? Select one: 31. Which of the following statements is TRUE about tardive dyskinesia? Select one: c. Elderly patients may develop tardive dyskinesia sooner in treatment than younger patients 32. Which of the following statements about bupropion is TRUE? Select one: a. Bupropion may help with symptoms of attention and focus in patients with ADHD. 33. When tapering someone from long-term benzodiazepine use, which of the following is TRUE? Select one: c. It is best begin a benzodiazepine taper with a long-acting benzodiazepine for increased tolerance to the taper. d. Concurrent use of antidepressants and NSAIDS can increase risk of bleeding. 35. Which of the following statements about lamotrigine is TRUE? Select one c. Lamotrigine carries a black box warning for potentially life-threatening rash. 36. Which of the following agents is considered to have the BEST evidence for augmentation in the treatment of depression? Select one: b. Lithium 37. Which atypical antipsychotic carries the HIGHEST risk for EPS? Select one: c. Risperidone 38. The medication side effect mostly to result in aggression or violence is . Select one: a. akathisia 39. Which of the following is NOT a potentially serious side effect of psychostimulants? Select one: b. Hyponatremia 40. Which of the following SSRI medications would be considered first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder? Select one: c. Sertraline 41. Which antidepressant is LEAST likely to cause sexual side effects? Select one: c. Bupropion 42. Which of the following antipsychotics is LEAST likely to cause significant weight gain? Select one: d. Ziprasidone 43. When considering metabolic risk associated with atypical antipsychotics, which of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: b. Patients taking atypical antipsychotics are at increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 44. Which of the following is a potentially serious side effect of oxcarbazepine? Select one: c. Hyponatremia 45. A 73-year-old male presents as a new patient with a history of long-term use of clonazepam 1mg QID. Which of the following actions is appropriate in the first visit? Select one. d. Assess for safety, educate about the associated risks of benzodiazepines, begin discussion about tapering the medication, obtain and document informed consent. 46. Which of the following statements about long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics is TRUE? Select one: d. Patients with a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome should not be initiated on LAI antipsychotics. 47. Which of the following is TRUE about hyponatremia and antidepressants? Select one: b. Symptoms of hyponatremia include lethargy, delirium, and nausea. 48. Which of the following statements is TRUE about duloxetine? Select one: c. Duloxetine carries risks for heptaotoxicity and should be avoided in patients with liver disease 49. According to DSM-5 criteria, what is the maximum age threshold for symptom onset when determining a diagnosis of ADHD? Select one: c. 12 50. When, in the course of psychiatric care, should safety be assessed? Select one: a. At the beginning of treatment 51. Which of the following statements about the CIWA-Ar and COWS is TRUE? Select one: c. The CIWA-Ar and COWS can guide treatment decisions for withdrawal states. 52. When documenting the objective portion of a psychiatric treatment note, which if the following is included? Select one: b. Behaviors witnessed by the clinician 53. Carbamazepine has a half-life of approximately 12 hours. The clinical implications of this are . Select one: c. therapeutic blood monitoring of carbamazepine should not occur before 2½ days of starting the medication. 34. Which of the following is TRUE about antidepressants and bleeding? Select one: d. Oxcarbazepine 54. Which of the following statements regarding suicide and antidepressant use is TRUE? Select one: a. Antidepressant use lowers the incidence of suicide in patients over 65. 55. Which of the following statements about anxiety disorders and depressive disorders is TRUE? Select one: d. Overlapping symptoms of depression and anxiety suggest that both disorders can be targeted with the same first-line agents. 56. When a patient achieves remission of depression, what is the recommended length of time that treatment should continue? Select one: a. The recommended length of treatment depends on the number of depressive episodes that a patient has had. 57. Which medication is NOT considered appropriate for the treatment of acute bipolar mania? Select one: c. Lamotrigine 58. Which of the following is NOT considered efficacious in bipolar depression? Select one: d. Valproic Acid 59. Which of the following medications is considered second-line (second-tier) treatment for bipolar disorder? Select one: 60. Which of following statements is TRUE about the use of clonidine and propranolol in the treatment of anxiety? Select one: b. Clonidine and propranolol target the physiologic symptoms associated with anxiety. 61. Buspirone is indicated for which anxiety disorder? Select one :a. Generalized anxiety disorder 62. Which of the following statements is true about behaviors in addiction? Select one: b. Dopaminergic neurons begin responding to environmental reminders of use through conditioned responses. 63. Which ADHD symptoms most commonly present in adults? Select one: c. Inattention 64. Which of the following may be helpful for treating symptoms of ADHD? Select one: c. Bupropion 65. Which of the following is thought to be diagnostic for Alzheimer’s Disease: Select one: a. Amyloid plaque deposition in the brain 66. Which of the following statements about managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia is TRUE? Select one: c. Habilitation therapy, the practice of understanding problematic behaviors as communications of a need and then finding ways to meet that need, has been shown to reduce agitation 67. Which of the following statements about memantine is TRUE? Select one: b.Memantine is a NMDA receptor antagonist and is hypothesized to reduce abnormal activation of glutamate. 68. When treating acute aggression, which of the following medication combinations is a suggested treatment: Select one d. Haldol +lorazepam 69. Which of the following statements about substance dependence is TRUE? Select one: b. Persons with a history of substance dependence are vulnerable to craving or relapse following exposure to any psychoactive substance 70. Which of the following statements about opioid withdrawal is TRUE? Select one: d. Buprenorphine should not be administered until a patient is in moderate opioid withdrawal. 71. Which of the following conditions is considered PHYSIOLOGICALLY safe? Select one: d. Opioid withdrawal 72. When monitoring patients on psychostimulants, which of the following is NOT a consideration? Select one: a. Glucose 73. Which of the following statements about preventing and recognizing prescription drug misuse is TRUE? Select one: c. Patients with active substance use should not be prescribed controlled substances. 74. Which of the following is TRUE about medications for nicotine dependence? Select one: a. Nicotine replacement is treatment of choice of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. 75. When comparing naltrexone with acamprosate for alcohol dependence, which of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: d. Acamprosate and naltrexone are equally effective with similar side effect profiles. 76. The psychiatric disorder(s) most likely to result in aggression or violence is (are) . Select one: b. substance use disorders