Dental Hygiene Regulations and Licensing in the United States, Exercises of Dentistry

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Registered Dental Hygienist Law and

Ethics Written Examination Questions

and Answers 100% Correct

Committee - ANSWER-Dental Hygiene Committee of California. Dental board - ANSWER-Dental Board of California. Direct supervision - ANSWER-means the supervision of dental procedures based on instructions given by a licensed dentist who is required to be physically present in the treatment facility during the performance of those procedures. General supervision - ANSWER-means the supervision of dental procedures based on instructions given by a licensed dentist who is not required to be physically present in the treatment facility during the performance of those procedures. Oral prophylaxis - ANSWER-means preventive and therapeutic dental procedures that include bacterial debridements with complete removal, supra and subgingivally, of calculus, soft deposits, plaque, and stains, and the smoothing of tooth surfaces. The objective of this treatment is to create an environment in which the patient can maintain healthy hard and soft tissues. Highest priority Committee - ANSWER-protection of the public through licensing, regulatory, and disciplinary functions. licensee shall report - ANSWER-employment status of the licensee, designated -Full time part time -Full time (32 hours or more) -Retired Which RDH can receive a registered dental assistant license - ANSWER-registered dental hygienist, registered dental hygienist in alternative practice, or registered dental hygienist -On or before January 1, 2006 Limitations of RDH functions - ANSWER-(1) Diagnosis and comprehensive treatment planning. (2) Placing, condensing, carving, or removal of permanent restorations. (3) Surgery or cutting on hard and soft tissue including, but not limited to, the removal of teeth and the cutting and suturing of soft tissue.

(4) Prescribing medication. (5) Administering local or general anesthesia or oral or parenteral conscious sedation, except for the administration of nitrous oxide and oxygen, whether administered alone or in combination with each other, or local anesthesia pursuant to Section 1909. What can RDH do - ANSWER-The practice of dental hygiene includes dental hygiene assessment and development, planning, and implementation of a dental hygiene care plan. It also includes oral health education, counseling, and health screenings. Which are direct supervision - ANSWER-(a) Soft-tissue curettage. (b) Administration of local anesthesia. (c) Administration of nitrous oxide and oxygen, whether administered alone or in combination with each other. Which are General supervision - ANSWER-(a) Preventive and therapeutic interventions, including oral prophylaxis, scaling, and root planing. (b) Application of topical, therapeutic, and subgingival agents used for the control of caries and periodontal disease. (c) The taking of impressions for bleaching trays and application and activation of agents with nonlaser, light-curing devices. (d) The taking of impressions for bleaching trays and placements of in-office, tooth- whitening devices. Addition to the duties under General supervision - ANSWER-1)radiographs 2)RTI Procedures without supervision - ANSWER--educational services, oral health training programs, and oral health screenings. -public health program created by federal, state, or local law or administered by a federal, state, county, or local governmental entity, a registered dental hygienist may provide, without supervision, dental hygiene preventive services in addition to oral screenings, including, but not limited to, the application of fluorides and pit and fissure sealants. -pit and fissure sealants. Who can perform Dental hygiene procedures on patients:

including, but not limited to, supragingival and subgingival scaling, dental hygiene assessment, and treatment planning, except for the following persons - ANSWER- registered dental hygienist in extended functions licensed dentist registered dental hygienist student enrolled in a dental or a dental hygiene school If change legal name how many day to you have to tell the committee - ANSWER- days If change adress how many day to you have to tell the committee - ANSWER-30 day If change email adress how many day to you have to tell the committee - ANSWER- day What is the renewed - ANSWER-expires at 12 midnight on the last day of the month of the legal birth date of the licensee during the second year of a two-year term The board may deny, suspend, revoke, or otherwise restrict a license because? - ANSWER--subversion of licensing examinations. -unprofessional conduct, incompetence, gross negligence, repeated acts of negligence in his or her profession, receiving a license by mistake, or for any other cause applicable to the licentiate provided in this article. -charge of a felony Subversion of licensing examinations - ANSWER--misdemeanor, crimal, $10,000 fine, jail group of infection prevention practices that apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status, in any setting in which healthcare is delivered. These include: hand hygiene, use of gloves, gown, mask, eye protection, or face shield, depending on the anticipated exposure, and safe handling of sharps. Standard precautions shall be used for care of all patients regardless of their diagnoses or personal infectious status. - ANSWER-Standard precautions confer a high risk for infection if they are contaminated with any microorganism. These include all instruments, devices, and other items used to penetrate soft tissue or bone. - ANSWER-Critical items

are instruments, devices and other items that are not used to penetrate soft tissue or bone, but contact oral mucous membranes, non-intact skin or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) - ANSWER-Semi-critical items are instruments, devices, equipment, and surfaces that come in contact with soil, debris, saliva, blood, OPIM and intact skin, but not oral mucous membranes. - ANSWER-Non- critical items is the least effective disinfection process. It kills some bacteria, some viruses and fungi, but does not kill bacterial spores or mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis, a laboratory test organism used to classify the strength of disinfectant chemicals - ANSWER-Low- level disinfection kills mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis indicating that many human pathogens are also killed. This process does not necessarily kill spores. - ANSWER-intermediate-level disinfection kills some, but not necessarily all bacterial spores. This process kills mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis, bacteria, fungi, and viruses - ANSWER-High-level disinfection Germicide - ANSWER-is a chemical agent that can be used to disinfect items and surfaces based on the level of contamination. is a validated process used to render a product free of all forms of viable microorganisms - ANSWER-Sterilization the removal of visible soil (e.g., organic and inorganic material) debris and OPIM from objects and surfaces and shall be accomplished manually or mechanically using water with detergents or enzymatic products. - ANSWER-Cleaning is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used for protection against a hazard. PPE items may include, but are not limited to, gloves, masks, respiratory devices, protective eyewear and protective attire which are intended to prevent exposure to blood, body fluids, OPIM, and chemicals used for infection control. - ANSWER-Personal Protective Equipment" (PPE) are all paid and non-paid personnel in the dental healthcare setting who might be occupationally exposed to infectious materials, including body substances and contaminated supplies, equipment, environmental surfaces, water, or air. DHCP includes dentists, dental hygienists, dental assistants, dental laboratory technicians (in- office and commercial), students and trainees, contractual personnel, and other persons not directly involved in patient care but potentially exposed to infectious agents (e.g., administrative, clerical, housekeeping, maintenance, or volunteer personnel). - ANSWER-Dental Healthcare Personnel" (DHCP),

What are the unit required for renewal and licensess - ANSWER--Two units of continuing education in Infection Control specific to California regulations -Two units of continuing education in the California Dental Practice Act and its related regulations -A maximum of four units of a course in Basic Life Support Total amount of unit required for renewal of license - ANSWER-Registered dental hygienists: 25 units. Is a RDH mandated reporter - ANSWER-yes When do you report Child Abuse - ANSWER--telephone to the agency immediately or as soon as is practicably possible -written followup report within 36 hours How long to you have to send written report of child abbuse - ANSWER-written followup report within 36 hours if you do not report child abbuse what occurs - ANSWER-six months confinement in a county jail or by a fine of one thousand dollars ($1,000) "Health practitioner" - ANSWER-individual who provides preventive, curative, promotional or rehabilitative health care services in a systematic way to people, families or communities. treats an elder or a dependent adult for any condition What is include in in Elder Abuse - ANSWER-abandonment, abduction, isolation, financial abuse, or neglect, or is told by an elder or dependent adult that he or she has experienced behavior, including an act or omission, constituting physical abuse, when should report of Elder Abuse - ANSWER-immediately or as soon as practicably possible, within two working days. physical abuse is report, when should you report - ANSWER-agency immediately, but also no later than within two hours suspected abuse does not result in serious bodily injury of elderly how long do you have to report - ANSWER-a telephone 24 hours of the -written report shall within 24 hours of. What is the fine if not reporting elder abuse - ANSWER-not more than six months in the county jail, by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000),

Any mandated reporter who willfully fails to report physical abuse, results in death or great bodily injury. - ANSWER-one year in a county jail, by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) Unprofessional conduct - ANSWER-The obtaining of any fee by fraud or misrepresentation. (b) The aiding or abetting of any unlicensed person to practice dentistry or dental hygiene. (c) The aiding or abetting of a licensed person to practice dentistry or dental hygiene unlawfully. (d) The committing of any act or acts of sexual abuse, misconduct, or relations with a patient that are substantially related to the practice of dental hygiene. (e) The use of any false, assumed, or fictitious name, either as an individual, firm, corporation, or otherwise, or any name other than the name under which he or she is licensed to practice, in advertising or in any other manner indicating that he or she is practicing or will practice dentistry, except that name as is specified in a valid permit issued (f) The practice of accepting or receiving any commission or the rebating in any form or manner of fees for professional services, radiographs, prescriptions, or other services or articles supplied to patient Any person who violates Unprofessional conduct - ANSWER-hundred dollars ($100) or more than six hundred dollars ($600), or by imprisonment for a term of not less than 60 days or more than 180 days the death of his or her patient during the performance of any dental hygiene procedure; emergency center for medical treatment for a period exceeding 24 hours of any patient as a result of dental or dental hygiene treatment - ANSWER-Should report to the committee in writing within seven days any of the following: When using uncontrolled substance, what is it considered - ANSWER-unprofessional How do you sign your name in record - ANSWER-- first and last name, or with initial with identification number -hall date those treatment entries in the record. If you go beyond scope of practice it is considered - ANSWER-Unprofessional

Who can go be own scope of practice - ANSWER-accredited dental schools or dental hygiene schools, or to research conducted pursuant to an investigational device exemption issued by the United States Food and Drug Administration. What is dental hygiene care that discourages necessary treatment, or permits clearly excessive, incompetent, unnecessary, or grossly negligent treatment, or repeated negligent acts, as determined by the standard of practice in the community. - ANSWER- unprofessional conduct Misdemeanor is punished by - ANSWER-county jail not less than 10 days nor more than one year, or by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars ($100) nor more than one thousand five hundred dollars ($1,500), Misdemeanor, what are example of - ANSWER-(a) Assumes the title of "registered dental hygienist," "registered dental hygienist in alternative practice," or "registered dental hygienist in extended functions" or appends the letters "R.D.H.," "R.D.H.A.P.," or "R.D.H.E.F." to his or her name without having had the right to assume the title conferred upon him or her through licensure. (b) Assumes any title, or appends any letters to his or her name, with the intent to represent falsely that he or she has received a dental hygiene degree or a license under this article. (c) Engages in the practice of dental hygiene without causing to be displayed in a conspicuous place in his or her office his or her license under this article to practice dental hygiene. (d) Within 10 days after demand is made by the executive officer of the committee, fails to furnish to the committee the name and address of all persons practicing or assisting in the practice of dental hygiene in the office of the person, company, or association, at any time within 60 days prior to the demand, together with a sworn statement showing under and by what license or authority this person, company, or association and any employees are or have been practicing or assisting in the practice of dental hygiene. This sworn statement shall not be used in any prosecution under this section. (e) Is under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance while engaged in the practice of dental hygiene in actual attendance on patients to an extent that impairs his or her ability to conduct the practice of dental hygiene with safety to patients and the public. Is under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance while engaged in the practice of dental hygiene in actual attendance on patients to an extent that impairs his or her ability to conduct the practice of dental hygiene with safety to patients and the public. what is it consider - ANSWER-misdemeanor Within 10 days after demand is made by the executive officer of the committee, fails to furnish to the committee the name and address of all persons practicing or assisting in the practice of dental hygiene in the office of the person, company, or association, at

any time within 60 days prior to the demand, together with a sworn statement showing under and by what license or authority this person, company, or association and any employees are or have been practicing or assisting in the practice of dental hygiene. This sworn statement shall not be used in any prosecution under this section. what is consider - ANSWER-misdemeanor Engages in the practice of dental hygiene without causing to be displayed in a conspicuous place in his or her office his or her license under this article to practice dental hygiene. what is it consider - ANSWER-misdemeanor Assumes the title of "registered dental hygienist," "registered dental hygienist in alternative practice," or "registered dental hygienist in extended functions" or appends the letters "R.D.H.," "R.D.H.A.P.," or "R.D.H.E.F." to his or her name without having had the right to assume the title conferred upon him or her through licensure. what is consider - ANSWER-misdemeanor If you practice Unlicensed - ANSWER-is guilty of a crime, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for up to one year. Diversion Program criteria - ANSWER-1) voluntarily

2. committee has to motor
3. Before or during or investigation enter the program confidentially
4. If us substance which does not hurt other then and enter Diversion program close investigation, as long as completion of the program
5. Just because in the program can still taking disciplinary action or continuing to take disciplinary action
6. if withdraw from program investigation will began
7. will have to sign that agreement that they will complete program Who pays for the diversion program - ANSWER-Person in program all costs related to the program, unless the cost is waived by the committee Autonomy - ANSWER-Patients have the right to determine what should be done with their own bodies. Because patients are moral entities they are capable of autonomous decision-making. Respect for patient autonomy affirms this dynamic in the doctor- patient relationship and forms the foundation for informed consent, for protecting patient confidentiality, and for upholding veracity. The patient's right to selfdetermination is not, however, absolute. The dentist must also weigh benefits and harms and inform the patient of contemporary standards of oral health care. Purpose of Ethics - ANSWER-The purpose of a professional code of ethics is to achieve high levels of ethical

consciousness, decision making, and practice by the members of the profession. Specific objectives of the Dental Hygiene Code of Ethics are: To increase our professional and ethical consciousness and sense of ethical responsibility. To lead us to recognize ethical issues and choices and to guide us in making more informed ethical decisions. To establish a standard for professional judgment and conduct. To provide a statement of the ethical behavior the public can expect from us. The Dental Hygiene Code of Ethics is meant to influence us throughout our careers. It stimulates our continuing study of ethical issues and challenges us to explore our ethical responsibilities. The Code establishes concise standards of behavior to guide the public's expectations of our profession and supports dental hygiene practice, laws and regulations. By holding ourselves accountable to meeting the standards stated in the Code, we enhance the public's trust on which our professional privilege and status are founded. What are the 4 Purpose of Ethics according to the DHCC - ANSWER--To increase our professional and ethical consciousness and sense of ethical responsibility. -To lead us to recognize ethical issues and choices and to guide us in making more informed ethical decisions. -To establish a standard for professional judgment and conduct. -To provide a statement of the ethical behavior the public can expect from us. Ethics - ANSWER-Ethics are the general standards of right and wrong that guide behavior within society. As generally accepted actions, they can be judged by determining the extent to which they promote good and minimize harm. Ethics compel us to engage in health promotion/disease prevention activities Informed Consent - ANSWER-Fully informed consent is essential to the ethical practice of dentistry and reflects the patient's right of self-decision. Except as exempted by state law, a dentist has the obligation to obtain the fully informed consent of the patient or the patient's legal guardian prior to treatment, or the use of any identifiable artifacts (such as photographs, X-rays, study models, etc.) for any purpose other than treatment. Informed consent is also required when using a human subject for research. 1.D.1. Explanation of Treatment: A dentist has the obligation to fully explain proposed treatment, reasonable alternatives, and the risks of not performing treatment to the patient. The dentist shall explain treatment in a manner that is accurate, easily understood, and allows patients to be involved in decisions affecting their oral health or their participation in a research project.

1.D.2. Reporting Abuse: When a dentist suspects abuse, the dentist is not legally required to obtain informed consent prior to taking photographs, impressions or x-rays on a minor or dependent adult. Tolerance - ANSWER-Dentists are challenged to practice within an increasingly complex cultural and ethnically diverse community. Conventional attitudes regarding pain, appropriate function, and esthetics may be confounded by these differences. Tolerance to diversity requires dentists to recognize that these differences exist and challenges dentists to understand how these differences may affect patient choices and treatment. Compassion - ANSWER-Compassion requires caring and the ability to identify with the patient's overall well-being. Relieving pain and suffering is a common attribute of dental practice. Acts of kindness and a sympathetic ear for the patient are all qualities of a caring, compassionate dentist. Veracity - ANSWER-Veracity, often known as honesty or truth telling, is the bedrock of a trusting doctor-patient relationship. The dentist relies on the honesty of the patient to gather the facts necessary to form a proper diagnosis. The patient relies on the dentist to be truthful so that truly informed decision-making can occur. Honesty in dealing with the public, colleagues and self are equally important. We accept our obligation to tell the truth and expect that others will do the same. We value self-knowledge and seek truth and honesty in all relationships. Integrity - ANSWER-Integrity requires the dentist to behave with honor and decency. The dentist who practices with a sense of integrity affirms the core values and recognizes when words, actions or intentions are in conflict with one's values and conscience. Professional integrity commits the dentist to upholding the professions' Codes of Ethics and to safeguarding, influencing and promoting the highest professional standards. Justice and Fairness - ANSWER- Justice and Fairness - ANSWER-We value justice and support the fair and equitable distribution of health care resources. We believe all people should have access to high-quality, affordable oral healthcare. Justice is often associated with fairness or giving to each his or her own due. Issues of fairness are pervasive in dental practice and range from elemental procedural issues such as who shall receive treatment first, to complex questions of who shall receive treatment at all. The just dentist must be aware of these complexities when balancing the distribution of benefits and burdens in practice.

Competence - ANSWER-the competent dentist is able to diagnose and treat the patient's oral health needs and to refer when it is in the patient's best interest. Maintaining competence requires continual self-assessment about the outcome of patient care and involves a commitment to lifelong learning. Competence is the just expectation of the patient. Professionalism - ANSWER-Self-governance is a hallmark of a profession and dentistry will thrive as long as its members are committed to actively support and promote the profession and its service to the public. The commitment to promoting oral health initiatives and protecting the public requires that the profession work together for the collective best interest of society. Patient Confidentiality - ANSWER-Dentists are obliged to safeguard the confidentiality of patient records. Dentists shall maintain patient records in a manner consistent with the protection of the welfare of the patient. Upon request of a patient or another dental practitioner, dentists shall provide any information in accordance with applicable law that will be beneficial for the future treatment of that patient. We respect the confidentiality of client information and relationships as a demonstration of the value we place on individual autonomy. We acknowledge our obligation to justify any violation of a confidence. Beneficence - ANSWER-Beneficence, often cited as a fundamental principle of ethics, is the obligation to benefit others or to seek their good. While balancing harms and benefits, the dentist seeks to minimize harms and maximize benefits for the patient. The dentist refrains from harming the patient by referring to those with specialized expertise when the dentist's own skills are insufficient. We have a primary role in promoting the well being of individuals and the public by engaging in health promotion/disease prevention activities. promotion/disease prevention activities is example which core principle - ANSWER- Beneficence Nonmaleficence - ANSWER-We accept our fundamental obligation to provide services in a manner that protects all clients and minimizes harm to them and others involved in their treatment. what are the core value - ANSWER-Individual autonomy and respect for human beings Confidentiality Societal Trust

Nonmaleficence Beneficence Justice and Fairness Veracity