RELIAS RN PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Pharmacology

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RELIAS RN PHARMACOLOGY EXAM

2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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A person has been prescribed nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) for a UTI. What education would you provide for them? -------CORRECT ANSWER---------- wash your mouth out after taking this medication to avoid staining of the teeth What is appropriate education to provide to a person who has received a new prescription for a PPI? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------You should not take this medicine at the same time as other medicines. Your patient presents with CHF and has a Potassium level of 5.8. Which diuretic do you anticipate being ordered by the provider? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------NOT amiloride Your patient has been diagnosed with chronic CHF and will be taking Lasix 80 mg PO twice a day. When teaching about high Potassium foods in the diet, which group of foods would you recommend to the patient? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------NOT tofu, red meat, beans

which medication would you question if ordered by the provider to treat a person that is complaining of nausea and vomiting? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------famotidine shortly after administering an IV med, person complains of itching and feeling flushed. Hives begun to form on chest. What is the best intervention? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------Administer PRN IV diphenhydramine and notify MD Patient refuses a dose of IV medication. What is the MOST approriate action? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------document the refusal and notify the MD pt has central line who is receiving TPN. What is the most important action to prevent CLABSI? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------perform correct sterile technique order placed for sublingual medication. Pt has NG. what is the most appropriate action? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------administer the med pt was prescribed a corticosteroid inhaler. What would you include when educating them on the medication? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------rinse mouth what medication is incompatible with LR -------CORRECT ANSWER---------- diazepam

new onset dysrhythmia. What medication might be prescribed for this condition? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------diltiazem you are educating your patient for cyclosporine and a new diet with a potassium intake restriction. What food would you tell them to avoid? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------raisins what medication is a leukotriene receptor antagonist? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------Montelukast Which statement made by a person regarding hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is correct? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------I should take extra care when standing up or changing positions. A 250mg dose of an oral medication has been ordered. The medication is supplied only in 100mg tablets. How many tablets would you administer? -- -----CORRECT ANSWER----------2. What medication is considered a potassium-sparing diuretic? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------spironolactione (Aldactone) You receive report from the off-going nurse that the person being cared for just received their fourth dose of IV vancomycin that was administered over 30 minutes. Upon assessment of them, you notice their face and neck are red and they are itching all over. What would you suspect? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------Red man syndrome due to a rapid infusion rate.

Which of the following would you question if prescribed for a person taking sildenafil (Viagra? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------nitroglycerin You are caring for a person with a capillary blood glucose of 33 mg/dL and they are unable to tolerate oral intake. Which of the following would you administer? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------dextrose 50% IV push A physician's written order for the person you are caring for is as follows: Insulin glargine (Lantus), 10 U, subQ QD. What changes would you suggest for safety and to avoid the use of "do not use" abbreviations? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------spell out units and daily Which statement, if made by the person you are caring for, reflects the need for further education regarding a new prescriptions of warfarin (Coumadin)? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------If I get headaches, aspirin is my best options for pain A person is noted to have a penicillin allergy. What medication would you question of ordered by a physician? -------CORRECT ANSWER---------- ceftriaxone You receive and order to start a Heparin drip at 18 units/kg/hr for a person weighing 75 kg. The heparin comes in a 500 mL bag with 25,000 units. what is the starting rate of the infusion? -------CORRECT ANSWER---------- 27 mL/hr

The physician orders 0.5 mg/kg of a medications. The medication is supplied in a 10 mg/mL solution. The person you are caring for weighs 40 kg. How many mL of the drug would you administer?f -------CORRECT ANSWER----------2 mL A person with a hypothyroidism has a serum calcium level of 13 mg/dL. What medication would you expect to administer? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------Calcitonin A person you are caring for has a known GI bleed. What drug is contraindicated? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------enoxaparin (Lovenox) pt being treated for pain s/p ortho procedure. what order would you question? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------eplerenone order for 4 mg of dexamethasone IV push. The med is supplied in 10mg/mL vial. How many mL do you give? -------CORRECT ANSWER------- ---0.4 mL pt is on a morphine PCA without a basal infusion rate and is afraid of overdosing. what ed do you provide? -------CORRECT ANSWER---------- small dose is delivered only when you push the trigger button pt has been diagnosted with diabetes and has oral meds ordered. What statement indicates understanding of s&s of hypoglycemia? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------sweating, shakes, nervouseness

what class of med would you expect ordered for a person with acid reflux? - ------CORRECT ANSWER----------PPI pt has epidural infusing at 6mL/hr. begining BP was 92/58 and now their BP is 130/70. what would you do FIRST? -------CORRECT ANSWER-------- --NOT :::: ask the person to rate their pain order to give digoxin now. HR is 52. what do you do next? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------hold dig and call MD What is the primary cause of Red man syndrome? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------increased histamine production why would NS be the solution of choice when preparing to administer a blood transfusion? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------NS is isotonic pt with no known risk factors to TB would need further diagnostic testing to rule out TB if the mantoux test showed an induration of what size? ------- CORRECT ANSWER----------??? what statement is correct for determining you have the correct pt before adminstering a drug? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------ask them to state their name and DOB and compare it to the MAR and wrist band

pt is on morphine PCA and is unresponsive. You suspect narcotic OD. what med to give? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------narcan Pt has new script for levothyroxine. What statement made by them is correct? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------NOT ::: take at the same time everyday. MD orders 1000 mL of NS over 6 hrs. whats the rate? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------166. 125 mcg is how many mg? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------0.125 mg pt to receive 5 mg/kg of medication. They weigh 80 kg. how much to give? - ------CORRECT ANSWER----------400 mg pt has new order for dig. What would be assessed immediately before administering? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------Apical HR antidote for heparin -------CORRECT ANSWER----------protamine sulfate lasix ordered at 50 mg IV push. On hand is 20 mg/mL. How many mL to give? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------2.

pt has 4 new scripts and wants to know which one will help with migraines. -------CORRECT ANSWER----------Rizatriptan pt says they frequently take tylenol at home. which statement is correct? --- ----CORRECT ANSWER----------I should pay attention to OTC drug label which med is antiplatelet? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------clopidogrel MD ordered atropine sulfate 0.6 mg IM before surgery. med is supplied in 0.8 mg/mL. How many mL to give? -------CORRECT ANSWER----------0. mL Which of the following medications is known to cause orange-colored urine? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------phenazopyridine (Pyridium) You are ordered to give digoxin. Your patient's vital signs are as follows: Blood Pressure 130/75, Temp 97.9 oral, HR 52, O2 Sat 100% room air. What should you do next? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Hold digoxin and call the provider Normal Saline (NS) is the solution of choice over D5W when preparing to administer a blood transfusion because: --------CORRECT ANSWER--------- -----Normal Saline is an isotonic solution and prevents cell hemolysis Patient is to receive 5mg/kg of medication. Patient weighs 80kg. How much would you administer? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------400mg

Your patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) has an AM Potassium level of 3.0. This level may: --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Increase risk of digoxin toxicity The patient is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Increase daily water intake Which of the following medications will crystalize when mixed with D5NS? - -------CORRECT ANSWER--------------phenytoin (Dilantin) Which of the following medications should be questioned by the nurse, if ordered by the provider to treat a patient's complaint of nausea and vomiting? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------famotidine (Pepcid) Your patient has an epidural infusing hydromorphone with bupivacaine at 6ml/hr continuously. The patient's blood pressure at the beginning of your shift was 92/58 with a heart rate of 68. You noticed the patient's blood pressures have been around 130/70. What should you do FIRST? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------Check infusion rate to confirm 6ml/hr, then notify anesthesia provider The dosage of which drug must be tapered off slowly to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------prednisone (Deltasone)

When teaching a new nurse on how to administer IV push furosemide (Lasix), you emphasize that it should be given over two minutes to avoid: -- ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------tinnitus A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the patient's serum calcium level is 13mg/dl. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the patient? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------calcintonin (Miacalcin) A patient has a prescription to take Guaifenesin (Mucinex) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the patient understands the MOST effective use of the medication if the patient states that he or she will: -------

• CORRECT ANSWER--------------take the medication with a full glass of water Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) has which of the following pharmacological effects? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Anti-inflammatory, anti- pyretic, decrease platelet aggregation Your patient is to receive 2 G vancomycin over 2 hours. The medication comes in from the pharmacy as 2 G Vancomycin in 250ml normal saline. At what rate will the IV medication run? --------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- 125ml/hr Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the history? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------Use of nitroglycerin

While delivering the lunch tray of a patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse notices diversity of food items. Which of the following foods would be a concern? --------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- Spinach Your patient is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) 500mg IV every 12 hours. As a nurse, you understand that the PRIMARY rationale for monitoring serum levels of vancomycin is that: --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------It can cause nephrotoxicity Convert 1.2 milligrams to micrograms --------CORRECT ANSWER------------ --1200 mcg You are caring for a patient with diabetes. Humalog insulin is ordered via sliding scale AC and HS. When is the best time to administer Humalog insulin? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------15 minutes before meal arrives A provider orders one liter of NS to be infused over four hours. At what rate would you set the IV pump? --------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- 250ml/hr WRONG Which medication is used to treat iron toxicity? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------A) digoxin immune fab (Digibind) B) Naloxone (Narcan) C) Mephyton (Vitamin K) D) WRONG deferoxamine (Digibind)

Your patient presents with CHF and has a Potassium level of 5.8. Which diuretic do you anticipate being ordered by the provider? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------bumetanide (Bumex) Your patient is on a Morphine PCA after a recent exploratory surgery. While doing your rounds, you notice that your patient is slumped over, unresponsive, with delayed and slow respirations. You suspect narcotic overdose. Which reversal medication would you administer? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------naloxone (Narcan) A patient's capillary blood glucose reading is 33mg/dl. Which of the following medications will the nurse administer if the patient is unable to tolerate PO? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Dextrose 50% IV push When a patient has pernicious anemia, the nurse would expect to give them: --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Vitamin B WRONG Which of the following anticoagulant is MOST commonly administered for DVT prophylaxis in a patient who has undergone a hip replacement? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A)WRONG heparin B) enoxaparin C) aspirin D) warfarin Which of the following is considered an antiplatelet medication? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------clopidogrel (Plavix)

Sildenaphil(viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfuction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription of which of the following is noted in the history? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------Use of Nitroglycerin Which of the following medications should be held today considering that your patient received IV contract two hours ago fir a CT scan? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------Metformin (Glucophage) The patient is diagnosed with multiple Myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------Increase daily water intake Your patient, a Type 1 diabetic with a history of schizophrenia is exhibiting signs and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, Which of the following long-term medications is more likely the etiology of the problem? --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------chlorpromazine (Thorazine) When caring for a patient with a central line who is receiving TPN, what is the MOST important action on the part of the nurse to prevent CLABSI? ---- ----CORRECT ANSWER--------------Perform correct sterile technique for dressing change at the CVC site "Red Man" Syndrome may occur during the administration of vancomycin (Vancocin), primarily due to --------CORRECT ANSWER--------------An increase in histamine production

Your patient has been diagnosed with. chronic CHF and will be taking Lasix 80mg PO twice a day. When teaching about high Potassium foods in the diet, which group of foods would you recommend to the patient? -------- CORRECT ANSWER--------------Bananas, spinach, raisins