RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL,EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2024 .ASSURED SUCCESS, Exams of Nursing

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1. A nurse is assessing a client who has a diagnosis on colon cancer which of the following

should the nurse expect?

a) Statorrhea

b) Elevated hemoglobin

c) Hematochezia

d) Weight gain

2. A nurse is assessing a client admitted with peripheral vascular disease,. Which of the

following findings indicates a venous vascular disorder?

a) An ulcer at the tip of a toe

b) Hair loss distal to the clients calves

c) Leg pain at rest

d) Edema of the ankle

3. A nurse is assessing a client who has pericarditis. In which of the following areas of the client’s chest should the nurse place the stethoscope to best hear a pericardial friction rub? (select HOT spot)

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Answer: D

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4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube. The client asks why the fluid in the

water -seal chamber rises and falls. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

a) “ this means your lung is fully expanded “

b) “ this indicates a possible leak”

c) “ suction pressure that is too high causes this”

d) “ Your breathing pattern causes this”

5. A community health nurse is reviewing home care instructions with an older adult client

who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following is the priority topic for the nurse to review with the client?

a) Daily sodium restriction

b) Daily exercise routine

c) Changes in weight

d) Fluid intake record

6. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

(TENS) unit. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

a) “Apply lotion to the site prior to attaching the electrodes”

b) “ this device requires access to a 220 volt outlet”

c) ‘ this device delivers heat via electrodes that are attached to the effected area”

d) “adjust the dial until you feel a ‘pins and needles’ sensation”

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7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following a total hip

arthroplasty. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

a) “ use raised toilet seat to maintain your hips above the knees”

b) “ twist at the waist when standing from a seated position”

c) “move your stronger leg first when using a walker”

d) “ apply a heating pad to the operative hip to decrease pain”

8. A nurse finds a client in bed, unresponsive and breathing. Which of the following action

should the nurse take first?

a) Establish IV access

b) Apply blood pressure cuff

c) Palpate for the client’s carotid pulse

d) Initiate cardiac monitoring for the client

9. A nurse is caring who is experiencing a hypertensive crisis. Which of the following actions

should the nurse take?

a) Initiate IV dopamine infusion

b) Perform neurological assessments

c) Place the client supine

d) Begin an IV bolus of lacted ringer’s

10. A nurse is providing discharge teaching about blood sugar monitoring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should instruct the client to obtain which of the following supplies?

a) Sterile lancets

b) Compression stockings

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c) Hand mirror

d) Toenail clippers

11. A nurse is completing discharge teaching who has a peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC) line in the left arm. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

a) Do not elevate the arm above the level of the heart

b) Change the catheter dressing daily

c) Use 10- mL syringe to flush line

d) Clean the insertion site using 20- mL of hydrogen peroxide

12. A nurse is preparing naloxone 10 mcg/kg via IV bolus to a client who weights 220 lbs. the amount available is 0.4 mg/mL. how many mL should the nurse administer? ( round to the nearest tenth)
13. A nurse is caring for a client who has a sealed radiation implant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a) Remove soiled linens from the room after each change

b) Give the dosimeter badge to the oncoming nurse at the end of the shift

c) Apply a second pair of gloves before touching the client’s implant if it dislodges

d) Limit family member visits to 30 min per day

14. A nurse is providing teaching to a client and his partner about performing peritoneal dialysis at home. When discussing peritonitis, which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as the earliest indication of this complication?

a) Generalized abdominal pain

b) Cloudy effluent

c) Increased heart rate

d) Fever

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15. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse observes that the client has bounding peripheral pulses, hypertension, and distended jugular veins. The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following prescribed medications?

a) Pantoprazole

b) Acetaminophen

c) Furosemide

d) Diphenhydramine

16. A nurse is planning care for a client who has upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to a peptic ulcer. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

a) Provide ketorolac for abdominal pain

b) Administer nitroprusside IV based on the client’s weight

c) Insert a large bore nasogastric tube

d) Ensure that the client has a 22- gauge iv line in place

17. A nurse is caring for a client who has bladder cancer and a WBC count of 900/mm3. which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a) Instruct client to avoid eating raw fruit

b) Move the client to a negative pressure room

c) Use contact isolation while providing care

d) Apply pressure to venipuncture sites for 10 min

18. A nurse is caring for a patient who has hypotension, cool and clammy skin, tachycardia and tachypnea. Which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?

a) Reverse Trendelenburg

b) Feet elevated

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c) Side lying

d) High – fowler’s

19. A nurse is caring for a client who weights 190 lb and is receiving Total parenteral Nutrition. if the RDA Protein is 0.8g/kg Of body weight, how many grams of protein should the client receive daily ( Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)

Answer: 69 grams

20.A nurse is planning care for a client who has a central venous access device for intermittent infusions. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

a)Flush a catheter using a 10 mL syringe

b) Use clean technique when changing the dressing

c) Cleanse the site with Provo dine iodine d) Change the dressing every 24 hours

21. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is to undergo open heart surgery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as a contradiction to receiving heparin?

a) Thalassemia

b) Rheumatoid arthritis c) COPD

d) Thrombocytopenia

22. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following question should the nurse ask to assess the client's abstract thinking?

a) What is meant by saying “don't beat around the bush?”

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b) What do you understand about your condition

c) Can you count backwards from 100 in intervals of 7? d) Can you state where you were born?

23. A Nurse is completing an assessment of an older adult client and notes reddened areas over the bony prominences, but the client's skin is intact. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

a) Apply an occlusive dressing

b) turn and reposition the client every 4 hours c) support bony prominences with pillows

d) massage Tourette in areas three times daily

24. A nurse is reviewing a cardiac Rhythm strip of a client who has atrial flutter. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

a) Progressively longer PR durations b) undetectable p waves

c) absent PR intervals with ventricular rate of 40 to 60 / minutes d) Sawtooth pattern with atrial rate of 252 400 / minutes

25. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an abdominal paracentesis. The nurse should plan to take which of the following actions? a) Administer a stool softener following the procedure

b) ask the client to empty his bladder prior to the procedure c) instruct the client to take deep breaths and hold them during the procedure

d) assist the client into the left lateral position during the procedure

26. A nurse is assessing a client following the insertion of a central venous catheter. Which of the following findings indicates a pneumothorax?

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a) diminished breath sounds b) itching over the incision

c) distended neck veins d) irregular heart rate

27. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving opioids for pain management.

Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

a) Monitor urinary output for retention

b) avoid taking anti emetics with the medication c) restrict fluid intake If you experience constipation

d) itching Indicates you are having an allergic reaction to the medication

28. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has asthma and a new prescription for a metered dose inhaler. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a) I should clean the cap of the inhaler once per week

b) I should shake the inhaler before I use it c) I Should wait 15 seconds between puffs

d) I should inhale the medication quickly

29. A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is having left-sided cardiac catheterization. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

a) You should plan to remain in bed for 18 hours after the procedure

b) you will have blood pressure measurement every 5 minutes for the first two hours after the procedure

c) You will receive a general anesthetic during the procedure

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d) you should expect warm sensation after the injection of the contrast dye during the procedure

30. A nurse is caring for a client who has anemia. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate with the client's condition?

a) Bradycardia

b) Headache c) heat intolerance

d) flushed skin color

31. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Warfarin about foods that affect the INR. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following Foods interact with this medication?

a) Kale

b) beef stew c) Yogurt

d) orange juice

32. A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has an extrapolation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The nurse notes patikayy on the client's skin which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a) Determine the client's blood type b) avoid administering IV pain medication

c) Implement airborne precautions d) Institute bleeding precautions

33. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is receiving treatment for genital herpes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates effectiveness of the teaching?

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a) I should expect to take my medication for three weeks

b) I should apply antibiotic ointment to the lesions c) I should expect my lesions to resolve in 6 weeks

d) I should use natural skin condoms during sexual intercourse

34. A nurse in an emergency department is preparing a client for emergency surgery. The client's blood alcohol level is 180 mg / DL which of the following action is the nurses priority? a) Insert an NG Tube b) obtain consent for surgery

c) apply anti embolic stockings d) insert an indwelling urinary catheter

35. A nurse suspects that a client who has diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following assessment findings supports this suspicion? a) Cool, clammy skin

b) kussmaul respirations c) acetone breath

d) increased urine output

36. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation. The client reports nausea since the therapy was initiated. Which of the following considerations should the nurse include when finding the clients meals? a) Offer hot beverages with meals

b) offer a snack prior to radiation therapy c) offer highly seasoned Foods

d) offer frequent High carbohydrate meals

37. A charge nurse receives a call from the house supervisor requesting room assignments for four new clients. Based on the information diagnosis which of the following clients requires a private room?

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a) A client service port reports having fever, night sweats, and call for 2 days

b) an older adult client who was admitted with aspiration pneumonia c) a client who has diabetes mellitus and is presenting with acute ketoacidosis

d) a client who has a compound fracture of the right femur

38. A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all the apply)

a) Tremors

b) reports of nausea and vomiting c) Serum glucose 380 mg / DL

d) serum pH 7. e) fruity smelling breath

39. A nurse is planning a staff education session about hepatitis A. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

a) Immunization for Hepatitis A is recommended prior to travel to high-risk areas b) the incubation. Of hepatitis A is 5 to 10 days

c) hepatitis A is transmitted is Through Blood to blood exposure d) clients who have Hepatitis A require a broad-spectrum antibiotic

40. A nurse is caring for a client who has advanced liver disease. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor when assessing this client?

a) Phosphate level b) glucose level

c) serum troponin

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d) Serum ammonia

41. A nurse is planning care for a client who has status epilepticus. Which of the following interventions is the nurses priority to include? a) Administer phenytoin IV bolus to the client

b) provide the client oxygen at 6 L / min using a nasal cannula c) turn the client to the lateral position during seizure activity

d) administer diazepam intravenously to the client

42. A nurse is caring for a client who had a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent hip dislocation? a) Elevate the knees higher than the hips when sitting

b) remove the wedge device when turning c) encourage the client to lean forward when attempting to stand

d) place two bed pillows between the legs when in bed

43. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Total parenteral Nutrition (TPN) The crane infusion is almost complete and the new solution is not available which of the following actions should the nurse take? a) Infuse dextrose 10% in water

b) decrease that tpn infusion rate c) disconnect and flush the IV access line

d) administer lactated ringers through the peripheral IV site

44. A nurse is caring for a client who is 6 hours postoperative following application of an external fixator for a tibial fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a) Adjust the clamps on the fixator frame

b) maintain the affected extremity in a dependent position c) palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse

d) rap sterile gauze on the sharp point of the pins

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45. A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department who experienced a full thickness burn injury to the lower torso 1 hour ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

a) Hypotension b) Bradycardia

c) decrease respiratory rate d) urinary diuresis

46. A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has Meniere's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

a) Perform range of motion exercises to the client's neck every 4 hours b) limited clients fluid intake to 1500 ml / day

c) administer aspirin if the client reports a headache d) encourage the client to change position slowly

47. Was not able to take photo of question.. But i remember choosing the second option...

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48. A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a skull fracture. which of the following assessment findings should be of greatest concern to the nurse?

a) Pulse pressure changes from 30 to 20 mmhg b) bilateral pupil diameter changes from 4 to 2 mm

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c) WBC count changes from 9,000 to 16,000 / mm 3

d) Glasgow Coma Scale score changes from 14 to 9

49. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when performing a close intermittent irrigation?

a) Use a 3ml syringe to perform the catheter irrigation

b) Clamp the catheter above the specimen port c) place the client in Trendelenburg position

d) inject the irrigation solution slowly into the catheter

50. A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS.

Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

a) I will need to take my clothes to the dry cleaners to sterilize them b) I will wipe up areas soiled with body fluids with alcohol and immediately disposed of the trash (should be cleaned with bleach not alcohol ) c) I will be sure to wear gloves and wash my hands when I change my cat's litter box

d) I will increase the amount of fresh fruits and vegetables I consume

51. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following an endoscopy with moderate (conscious) Sedation. Which of the following assessment findings is the nurse’s priority? a) Level of pain b) gag reflex

c) warmth of extremities d) temperature

52. Nurse is caring for an older adult client who is suspected of having septicemia. Which of the following actions is the nurses priority? a) Obtain a history to determine recent injuries

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b) obtain a broad-spectrum antibiotic for Rapid Administration

c) obtain a WBC count with differential d) obtain a blood specimen for culture and sensitivity testing

53. A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total laryngectomy. Which of the following findings is the nurses priority for immediate intervention?

a) Blood-tinged secretions b) tachypnea

c) Fever d) IV infiltration

54. A nurse is admitting a client to the emergency department after a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help prevent the onset of acute kidney failure?

a) Administer IV fluids to the client

b) insert a urinary catheter c) initiate beta-blocker therapy

d) prepare the client for an intravenous pyelogram

55. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from surgery with an external fixator to the left tibia. Which of the following assessment finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse? a) a client has 100 ml blood in the closed suction drain

b) the client's capillary refill in the left toe is 6 seconds c) the client has an oral temperature of 38.3 C (100.9 Fahrenheit)

d) the client reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10 at the operative site

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56. A nurse is an emergency department is reviewing a client's ECG reading. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has a first degree heart block?

a) more p waves than QRS complexes

b) prolonged PR intervals c) non discernible P waves

d) no correlation between P and QRS waves

57. A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is being admitted with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medication places the client at an increased risk for developing diabetes insipidus? a) Ranitidine

b) Atorvastatin c) Propranolol

d) lithium

58. A nurse is planning care for a client who has left-sided hemiplegia following a stroke which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

a) Place a plate guard on the clients meal tray

b) position the bedside table on the client's left side c) remind the client to use a cane on his left side while ambulating

d) provide the client with a short handled Reacher

59. A nurse is administering potassium chloride via IV infusion to a client who has severe hypokalemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a) Start the infusion at 30 meq /hr

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b) assess the client for a positive chvostek's sign

c) Monitor the client for adequate urine output d) check infusion site at least every 4 hours

60. A nurse in the PACU is caring for a client. Which of the following assessment is the nurses priority?

a) Surgical site b) level of consciousness

c) respiratory status d) pain level

61. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is scheduled for a CT scan with contrast media. Which of the following medication should the nurse instruct the client to withhold for 48 hours following the procedure?

a) Carvedilol b) Furosemide

c) Metformin d) Clopidrogel

62. Nurse is caring for a client who has pancreatitis and has been receiving Total parenteral Nutrition. Which of the following Laboratory test should the nurse monitor for overall nutritional status?

a) creatinine b) Prealbumin

c) Lipase d) C-reactive protein

63. A nurse is teaching a client who has endometriosis about the adverse effects of leuprolide. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching? a) Pallor

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b) increased appetite

c) bone loss d) hypoglycemia

64. A nurse is caring for a client who had an arterial revascularization of the right lower extremity which of the following is the priority action the nurse should plan to take after contacting the provider? ( Click on the “ exhibit” button for additional information about the client)

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a) Increase the Heparin infusion rate per protocol b) increase the insulin infusion rate per protocol

c) start an IV fluid bolus of 0.9% sodium chloride 500 ml to infuse over 1 hour d) change the PCA timing of the patient control bolus every 15 minutes

65. A nurse is planning the discharge of a client who had an ischemic stroke. The nurse should ensure that the client is discharged with which of the following types of pharmacologic therapy? a) Opioid analgesic b) Anticonvulsant

c) anti thrombotic d) diuretic

66. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new colostomy the nurse notes that the client appears withdrawn and looks away during ostomy care. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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a) Ask the client how they feel about the stoma

b) make a referral for the client to see an ostomy nurse c) include the clients partner in stoma care education

d) educate the client about expected stoma appearance

67. A nurse is preparing to perform ocular irrigation for a client following a chemical Splash to the eye. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?

a) Administer proparacaine eye drops into the affected eye b) places strip of pH paper on to the cul- de- sac of the affected eye

c) collect information about the irritant that caused an injury ( assess first) d) instill 0.9% sodium chloride solution into the affected eye

68. A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS and wishes to continue self care at home despite living alone. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates client advocacy?

a) Remind the client of the importance of the medication adherence b) Initiate a referral for the client to a home health agency

c) instruct the client to avoid eating raw vegetables d) tell the client to avoid places where there are a large crowds of people

69. A nurse is assessing a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report?

a) Alkaline phosphate 125 units /L b) clay-colored stools

c) platelets 70,000 / mm3 d) distended abdomen

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70. A home health nurse is providing nutrition education for a client who has trigeminal neuralgia. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

a) Graham crackers b) iced coffee

c) vanilla pudding d) vegetable soup

71. A nurse is teaching about food choices to a client who has chronic kidney disease and must limit potassium intake. Which of the following choices should the nurse recommend as containing the least potassium?

a) Half cup non-fat yogurt b) two tablespoons of peanut butter

c) 1 Cup white rice d) one medium baked potato with skin

72. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a full-thickness burns on the lower extremities.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

a) Limit visitation time for client’s children to 40 minutes per day b) clean the equipment in the client's room once per week

c) provide a diet of fresh fruits and vegetable for the client d) apply new gloves when alternating between wound care sites

73. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer. The client tells the nurse, “I would prefer to try vitamins and minerals instead of chemotherapy” which of the following responses should the nurse make?

a) I have never heard of any holistic treatment that is effective b) you should ask your provider about your plan

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c) the best way to treat your cancer is chemotherapy

d) tell me what you know about chemotherapy

74. a nurse is planning to teach a client whose provider has prescribed a low purine diet. The nurse should plan to instruct the client that he can include which of the following Foods in his diet ( select all that apply)

a) Sardines b) Nuts

c) Apricots d) liver

e) scallops

75. Nurse is caring for a client following a total knee arthroplasty. The client reports a pain level of 6 on a paint scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?

a) Place pillowsl under the clients knee b) gently massage the area around the clients incision

c) apply an ice pack to the clients knee d) perform range of motion exercises to the clients knee

76. A nurse is caring for a client who has lower extremity fracture and a prescription for crutches. Which of the following client statements indicates that the client is adapting to their role change?

a) I will need to have my partner take over shopping for groceries and cooking the meals for us

b) it's going to be difficult to tell my parents I can't take them to their appointments anymore

c) I feel bad that I have to ask my partner to keep the house clean d) these crutches will make it impossible to care for my child

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77. A nurse is assessing a client who is preoperative and reports an allergy to bananas. The nurse should recognize that the client is at risk for an allergic cross-reactivity to which of the following substances?

a) adhesive tape b) Latex

c) Anesthetics d) povidone iodine

78. A nurse on a medical unit is planning care for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse attend to First? a) A client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in oxygen saturation of 89%

b) a client who has left-sided paralysis and slurred speech from a prior stroke c) a client who has thrombocytopenia and reports a nosebleed

d) a client who has multiple sclerosis and reports Ataxia and vertigo

79. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving two units packed RBC's. Which of the following manifestation indicates a hemolytic transfusion reaction?

a) back pain b) Hypertension

c) Chills d) bradycardia

80. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include? a) Use a heating pad to keep your feet warm at night

b) wear loose-fitting slippers around the house c) where cotton rather than nylon socks

d) wash your face twice per day with antibacterial soap and hot water