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Schizophrenia - General Psychology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Introduction to Psychology

The first semester course for Psychology students. The introductory and general course of Psychology for everyone. This course introduces almost all the terms of Psychology. Keyword in these lecture slides are: Schizophrenia, Psychological Disorder, Atypical, Disturbing, Maladaptive, Unjustifiable, Dissociative Disorders, Symptoms of Schizophrenia, Disorganized Thinking, Neologisms

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 09/10/2013

zadi
zadi 🇵🇰

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

  • Psychological Disorder
    • A “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged: - atypical- not enough in itself - disturbing-varies with time & culture - maladaptive- harmful - unjustifiable-sometimes there’s a good reason

Schizophrenia

• Occurs around world at same rate - 1

percent of the population

• Half beds in mental or psychiatric

hospitals contain schizophrenia patients.

• Usually diagnosed in late teens or early

twenties.

• Males and Females equally frequently, but

males tend to be more severe.

Schizophrenia

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disorganized Thinking

This morning, when I was at Hillside Hospital, I was making a movie. I was surrounded by movie stars. The X-ray technician was Peter Lawford. The security guard was Don Knotts. That Indian doctor in Building 40 was Lou Costello. I’m Mary Poppins. Is this room painted blue to get me upset? My grandmother died four weeks after my eighteenth birthday .”

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disorganized Thinking

• Jumping from one idea to another while

speaking creates a “word salad”.

  • Neologisms: Combine words (e.g., splisters
    • combination of splinters and blisters)

• Some believe that these disorganized

thoughts come from an inability to

selectively attend.

  • Remember the cocktail party phenomenon?

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disorganized Thinking Delusions

• Delusions: Bizarre beliefs maintained in

spite of strong evidence to the contrary.

  • Paranoid Delusions: Extreme suspicion,

people are out to get you.

  • Delusions of Grandeur: Belief that they are

someone very important.

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disorganized Thinking Delusions

  • Delusions of Persecution: Target of a plot to

harm them.

  • Delusions of Reference: Unrelated events

are given special significance.

  • A radio program or newspaper article is giving them a special message.

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disturbed Perceptions Schizophrenic Art

Symptoms of Schizophrenia Inappropriate Emotions and Actions

  • Emotions
    • Some people with schizophrenia display inappropriate emotions, i.e. they laugh after describing the death of a loved one.
    • Some people with schizophrenia display a flat affect (show no emotions).
  • Actions
    • Some people with schizophrenia may perform senseless compulsive acts such as rocking or rubbing an arm.
    • Other people with schizophrenia may become catatonic.

Types of Schizophrenia Process vs. Reactive Schizophrenia

  • Process (or chronic) Schizophrenia: Describes symptoms that developed gradually, usually over a period of years.
  • Reactive (or acute) Schizophrenia: Sudden onset symptoms. - Reaction to negative life events
  • Much more likely that reactive will get better.

Types of Schizophrenia Symptoms

  • Patients with Positive Symptoms may experience hallucinations, are disorganized in their thinking, and may exhibit inappropriate emotions. - Presence of inappropriate behaviors.
  • Patients with Negative Symptoms have toneless voices and rigid bodies. - Absence of appropriate behaviors.

Understanding Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities Dopamine Overactivity

  • People with schizophrenia seem to have MANY more dopamine receptors in their brains.
  • High levels of dopamine may intensify brain signals, creating positive symptoms.
  • Drugs which block dopamine receptors (Haladol & Clozapine) often lessen the symptoms.
  • Amphetamines and cocaine, which increase dopamine levels, often increase the symptoms.

Understanding Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities

  • When experiencing hallucinations, schizophrenic’s brains are very active in certain areas.
  • Pet scans show abnormal brain activity (lots of thalamus activity)
  • Enlarged ventricles (fluid filled sacks in brain)
  • Shrinkage of cerebral cortex – more shrinkage the more negative symptoms
  • Small thalamus – may explain inability to filter sensory information
  • Why? Low birth weight and birth complications are correlated with schizophrenia. A midpregnancy viral infection might impair brain development? docsity.com