Download SNHD EMT EMS PROTOCOLS EXAM 2024 | 2 ACCURATE REAL EXAM CURRENTLY TESTING VERSIONS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! SNHD EMT EMS PROTOCOLS EXAM 2024 | 2 ACCURATE REAL EXAM CURRENTLY TESTING VERSIONS WITH EXPERT VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH STUDY GUIDE FOR GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST UPDATE *In which scenario would nitroglycerin NOT be indicated? A) The patient is hypertensive B) The pt has taken viagra in the past 48 hours C) The pt has taken nitroglycerin in the last 24 hours D) All of the above B) The pt has taken viagra in the past 48 hours **You have a pregnant woman in active labor in which the baby is presenting with an arming sticking out. Which position is best for transport? A) Trendelenburg B) Left Lateral Recumbent C) Right Lateral Recumbent D) Position of comfort B) Left Lateral Recumbent **You arrive on scene to a dead body and bystanders are disturbed, what is the correct way to cover the body? A) With a clean sterile burn sheet B) With a trauma blanket C) With a regular white sheet D) All of the above A) With a clean sterile burn sheet **Which of the following is NOT part of the SAFER acronym? A) Stabilize the situation B) Assess the Situation/Crisis C) Facilitate the contact of recourses D) Restrain D) Restrain *How many miles away from a trauma center would you have to be to just transport the patient to the nearest hospital? A) 20 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 D) 50 **In which scenario would you be able to transport/move a dead body? A) Permission from coroner B) protect the body C) assess patient D) all of the above A) Permission from the coroner You can do all of the above IF you have permission from the coroner. **You arrive on scene to a male PT who has a valid POLST and is experiencing respiratory distress and hypotension. What do you do? A) Listen to the requests of next of kin B) Provide emotional support and comfort C) Immediately leave D) Provide pain management and comfort to patient, but do not engage in any life-saving interventions D) *You arrive on scene to a pulseless and apneic patient who has a DNR, what do you do? A) Try to verify the validity of the DNR B) Contact medical direction for next steps C) Make sure patient and family really understand what their DNR means D) Begin CPR A) *Which of the following might indicate shock in a pediatric patient? A) A strong, slow pulse B) Respiratory Distress C) Weak Rapid Pulse D) Convulsions *Which MPH by either vehicles involved in an accident results in an automatic transport to trauma center? A) 10 B) 20 C) 30 D) 40 D) 40 *Which type of call requires radio communication to receiving facility? A) Code 2 returns B) Code 3 returns C) ETOH D) Fever B) Code 3 returns *Which position should a pt with suspected CHF be placed in? A) Position of comfort B) Left Lateral Recumbent C) Trendelenburg D) Reverse Trendelenburg A) Position of comfort ***What GCS is required to sit in waiting room? A) >12 B) >8 C) >10 D) Any GCS A) >12 (Must be A&Ox4) *What will you do for an actively seizing pt? A) Give them water B) Give them oral glucose C) Test glucose levels D) BVM C) *What happens when your partner thinks that the call was really bad because you messed up and they want to report it? A) Private EMS agency must deal with it first B) Private EMS agency will try to deal with it but it must also be reported to SNHD if it was not solved and forward it to OEMSTS C) Your partner must fill out a SNHD EMS incident form D) All incidents are sent to the SNHD quarterly B) *You arrive on scene to a MVA where an injured pt is refusing care on scene and transport. You suspect this pt might have a head injury clouding their judgement. What do you do? A) Transport them on the basis of implied consent B) Try to convince them to go C) Do the refusal and leave D) See if a family member will consent for them to go A) ***Someone who scores a 5 on RACE should be transported where? Stroke center **What position will you transport a woman who is in active labor and crowing in? A) Fowlers B) Trendelenburg C) Left Lateral Recumbent D) Position of comfort C) Left lateral recumbent **What position will you transport a woman who is in active labor and the baby has a feet first presentation in? A) Fowlers B) Trendelenburg C) Supine D) Left Lateral Recumbent D) Left Lateral Recumbent **What position will you transport a woman who is in active labor and the cord is sticking out in? A) Trendelenburg position slightly on the left side B) Left Lateral Recumbent C) Fowlers D) Prone A) Trendelenburg position slightly on the left side **You arrive on scene to find a 32 year old male who just got pulled from a burning building and has burns on his face AND is having trouble breathing. You suspect smoke inhalation. What do you do first? A) Put burn gel on the burns B) BVM at 100% oxygen C) NRB at 100% oxygen D) Nasal Cannula C) NRB at 100% oxygen *What will you give for epistaxis if pressure is insufficient? A) Oxymetazoline or Phenylephrine, 2 sprays per nostril, Intranasal B) Oxycodone 10mg PO C) Narcan in each nostril D) Tourniquet A) Oxymetazoline or Phenylephrine, 2 sprays per nostril, Intranasal ***What's the best way to treat epistaxis? A) Tilt head back B) Apply pressure C) Tilt head forward and let it drip D) Blow nose B) Apply Pressure **You arrive on scene to a children's soccer game and find an 8 year old girl seemingly suffering from a heat related illness. What's the best method of treatment? A) Wrap her tight in a blanket B) Put some ice packs on her C) Give her some water D) All of the above C) If Heat Cramps and B) If Heat exhaustion or Heat stroke ***How much aspirin and what type should you give to a man having a stemi? A) 81mg chewable B) A male pt has just been removed from a burning building and has burns with smoldering clothing. What do you do? A) Smother the patient with a blanket B) Advise them to stop, drop, and roll C) Use water and saline to stop the smoldering and remove the clothes D) Drench them in burn gel C) You just made contact with a 38 year old female who is wheezing and has a history of asthma. What's your next move? A) Epinephrine B) Assist her with her own metered dose inhaler C) Give Benadryl from the stock cabinet D) Use an albuterol nebulizer B) *When is it NOT okay to put a behavioral patient in restraints? A) They threatened to harm themselves B) They threatened to harm others C) They are depressed D) it is always okay to put a behavioral patient in restraints C) They are depressed *During an internal disaster at a hospital, that hospital should be bypassed unless: A) You have a patient in cardiac arrest or are unable to ventilate adequately B) You have a hypoglycemic patient C) You have a burn victim D) You have a woman in labor A) You have a patient in Cardiac Arrest or are unable to ventilate properly *In which situation would a traction splint be deemed appropriate? A) Pelvic fracture/instability B) knee instability C) ankle fracture D) Mid-shaft Femur Fracture D) Mid-shaft Femur Fracture Who is considered a pediatric patient? A) <21 B) <18 C) <16 D) <13 B) <18 *What type of information are you giving to the receiving facility when transporting a trauma? A) Patient age, Gender, & ETA B) Mechanism of injury, Unit on scene, & Suspected injuries C) Vital signs, Airway status, & Neurologic status. D) All of the above D) All of the above *What should you do when a PT has a hemorrhage on an extremity? A) Use Pressure B) Use Gauze C) Use Pressure and Tourniquet D) Use Cohesive Bandage C) Use Pressure and Tourniquet *A baby boy is delivered in your ambulance. One minute after his birth, you notice that he has no muscle tone. What would that mean his APGAR score in the Activity category is? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 A) 0 *You arrive on scene to a 1 year old boy in Cardiac Arrest who weighs 17kg. You realize that someone didn't restock the bag and you now have no pediatric AED pads. Are you able to use adult pads on this baby? A) No, you can never use adult AED pads on a 1 year old B) Yes, this child weighs enough to use adult pads C) No, you can't use an AED on a 1 year old D) Yes, but only if you cut them in half B) Yes, this child weighs enough to use adult pads **You are dispatched to a 5 year old girl found floating in a pool face down. You arrive on scene and the girl is crying in her mom's arms, what do you do? A) C-spine and backboard B) BVM C) CPR with pediatric AED pads D) 15L of Oxygen via NRB D) 15L of Oxygen via NRB **When can you end CPR/not start it? A) if 1 conclusive sign of death is present B) If 4 presumptive signs of death and 1 conclusive sign of death is present C) if 3 presumptive signs of death are present D) if all 5 presumptive signs of death and at least 1 conclusive sign of death is present D) ***What is considered a conclusive sign of death? Dependent lividity and rigor mortis ***What is considered an obvious sign of death? A) Body decomposition B) Decapitation C) Functional separation from the body of the brain D) All of the above D) All of the above ***What is considered a preemptive sign of death? A) Apnea B) Pulselessness C) Fixed Dilated pupils D) All of the above D) **You arrive on scene to find a pulseless 60 year old man. What do you do first? A) Give rescue breaths B) Start compressions C) Start putting AED pads on D) Ask around to see if he has a DNR so you don't have to do compressions D) All of the above **What is the appropriate Narcan dosage at the EMT level? A) 0.4 mg B) 1 mg C) 2-4 mg D) 4-6 mg C) 2-4mg *What route can Narcan be delivered at the EMT level? A) IM B) IV C) Nasally D) All of the above C) Intranasal *How is a sucking chest wound in a pediatric patient managed? A) 3 sided occlusive dressing B) Dry bulky dressing C) Wet sterile dressing D) All of the above A *A trauma PT is automatically taken to a trauma center (level 1 or 2) if their Respiratory rate is under ___ & over ____ A) 6 and 35 B) 8 and 22 C) 10 and 29 D) 12 and 30 C) Less than 10 and greater than 29 *A body temperature between ___ and ____ indicates mild hypothermia. A) 90-95 B) 82-90 C) 84-88 D) Less than 82 A) 90-95 *What would you do for a localized cold injury? A) General wound care B) Put a heat pack in the armpits and crotch area C) Warm skin contact to injury D) Heat pack directly over injury A) General wound care ***Which Rapid Arterial Occlusion Score would prompt you to take a patient to a stroke hospital? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 4) 5 A) 1 *Which type of aspirin [coating] can you administer at the EMT level? A) Enteric B) Chewable C) Can't do it D) Doesn't matter B) **What are the symptoms of a moderate allergic reaction? A) Hives with no respiratory involvement B) Itchy and watery eyes C) skin reaction w/ some respiratory involvement but the patient can still maintain good tidal volume and air exchange D) respiratory difficulty C) skin reaction w/ some respiratory involvement but the patient can still maintain good tidal volume and air exchange Pediatric Oral Glucose Indication - CORRECT ANSWER Glucose <60mg/dL Newborn Oral Glucose Indication - CORRECT ANSWER Glucose <40mg/dL Pediatric pulse rate for cardiac arrest - CORRECT ANSWER <60bpm Pediatric Narcan Dose and Route - CORRECT ANSWER 2-4mg intranasal What age is considered pediatric for sexual assault victims? - CORRECT ANSWER <18 years old During an internal disaster by a hospital - CORRECT ANSWER that hospital should be bypassed unless the patient is in cardiac arrest or adequate ventilation cannot be established Mild, Moderate, and Sever signs of allergic reactions (Peds & Adults) - CORRECT ANSWER Mild- Skin reaction Moderate- skin reaction w/ some respiratory involvement but the patient can still maintain good tidal volume and air exchange Severe- Respiratory difficulty Who should you never use Narcan on? - CORRECT ANSWER Newborns Pediatric Patients with altered mental status- it is important to not excuse____ causes - CORRECT ANSWER Drugs, alcohol, or diabetes Should narcan be administered before or after advanced airway procedures? - CORRECT ANSWER Before A pediatric patients HR is less than 60bpm, what now? - CORRECT ANSWER Immediately begin CPR Pediatric Rule of 9's - Head - CORRECT ANSWER 18% BSA Pediatric Rule of 9's - Arms - CORRECT ANSWER 9% BSA Each Pediatric Rule of 9's - Legs - CORRECT ANSWER 14% BSA Each What medication, dose and route is used to treat a suspected opiate overdose? - CORRECT ANSWER Narcan, 2-4mg, intranasal Waiting Room Criteria Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER 100-180 Systolic 60-100 Diastolic Waiting Room Criteria HR & RR - CORRECT ANSWER 60-100 HR 10-20 RR Waiting Criteria Pulse Oximetry - CORRECT ANSWER >94% Waiting Room Criteria AxO - CORRECT ANSWER x4 Important notes for stoke documentation - CORRECT ANSWER Last known time of normal & a witness name and number if available Normal Live Birth Delivery Steps - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Puncture Amniotic Sac 2. Deliver the Head 3. Suction Nose and Mouth 4. Deliver Shoulders 5. Deliver rest of the body 6. Clam and Cut Cord 7. Repeat per # of births 8. Deliver Placenta The reason burns to extremities are so dangerous - CORRECT ANSWER Potential vascular compromise secondary to tissue swelling How to treat a burn to the extremity? - CORRECT ANSWER Elevate extremity What to never apply to burns - CORRECT ANSWER Ice, Ointment, Ice and Antiseptic How many burn center criteria does a patient need to meet? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 What body parts specifically are considered burn center criteria? - CORRECT ANSWER Face, hands, feet, genitals, perineum, and major joints All adult burn center criteria - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Second Degree Burns >10% BSA 2. Third degree Burns 3. Burns that involve the face, hands, feet, genitals, perineum, and any major joints 4. Electrical/Lightening Burns 5. Chemical Burns 6. Circumferential Burns 7. Inhalation Burns What are 6 types of burns? - CORRECT ANSWER Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Radiation, Lightning, Inhalation Dose of aspirin for chest pain - CORRECT ANSWER 324mg Examples of erectile dysfunction drugs - CORRECT ANSWER Viagra, levitra, Cialis How to place a patient w limb presentation? - CORRECT ANSWER left lateral recumbent position How to place a patient w cord presentation? - CORRECT ANSWER Trendelenburg position slightly on the left side During a breech delivery - CORRECT ANSWER support body of baby during delivery Mild Hypothermia Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER 90-95 degrees F Moderate Hypothermia Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER 82-90 degrees F Severe Hypothermia Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER <82 degrees F What kind of drugs can elevate body temperature? - CORRECT ANSWER Cocaine, Amphetamines, and salicylates STEMI stands for - CORRECT ANSWER ST elevation myocardial infarction EMT-B treatment for STEMI - CORRECT ANSWER 324mg aspirin or patients dose of nitroglycerin Key Feature of heat cramps - CORRECT ANSWER Benign (not harmful) muscle cramps Key Feature of heat exhaustion - CORRECT ANSWER Altered mental status, hypotension, elevated temperture Key Feature of of heat stroke - CORRECT ANSWER Altered mental status and body temp >104% Field signs of preeclampsia - CORRECT ANSWER Change of vision, headache, and RUQ Abdomen pain examples of opiates - CORRECT ANSWER morphine, heroin, methadone, codeine, oxycodone Key signs of CHF - CORRECT ANSWER JVD When to conduct the aphasia test - CORRECT ANSWER right hemiparesis When to conduct the agnosia test - CORRECT ANSWER left hemiparesis Hemiparesis - CORRECT ANSWER weakness on one side of the body Burn patients are prone to - CORRECT ANSWER hypothermia Do NOT use a manual compression device on what types of patients - CORRECT ANSWER Pregnant Patients After the AED is read (whether shockable or not) what do you do? - CORRECT ANSWER Immediately begin CPR How long and w with do you flush the eyes out with? - CORRECT ANSWER Water or normal saline for 10-15 minutes Adult cardiac arrest witnessed by EMS or CPR in progress (Rate & Rhythm) & AED application - CORRECT ANSWER Begin CCC at a rate of 100-120bpm and apply AED right away Adult Cardiac Arrest unwitnessed by EMS & no CPR in progress & AED application - CORRECT ANSWER Begin CCC for 2 minutes before applying the AED APGAR stands for - CORRECT ANSWER activity, pulse, grimace, appearance, respiration When do you record APGAR score - CORRECT ANSWER 1 an 5 min after birth APGAR - Activity points - CORRECT ANSWER 0- Absent 1- Flex arms 2- Active APGAR - Pulse points - CORRECT ANSWER 0- absents 1- Below 100bpm 2- Over 100bpm APGAR - Grimace points - CORRECT ANSWER 0- no reaction 1- minimal response 2- prompt response APGAR - Appearance points - CORRECT ANSWER 0- Blue all over 1- Pink body, blue exterminates 2- pink all over APGAR -Respiration points - CORRECT ANSWER 0-Absent 1-Slow and irregular 2- Vigorous cry APGAR score that requires resuscitative efforts - CORRECT ANSWER 4-7 Why do we place patients in the left lateral recumbent position? - CORRECT ANSWER pressure off the inferior vena cava & the right iliac artery Lowest and highest APGAR score - CORRECT ANSWER 0-10 S.A.F.E.R stands for - CORRECT ANSWER S- Stabalize the situation A-Asses the crisis F-Facilitate resources E- Encourage the patient to use resources R- Refer patient/ leave patient in proper care Hypoxemia - CORRECT ANSWER deficient amount of oxygen in the blood After applying the AED the next step is - CORRECT ANSWER Insert NPA/OPA and begin using the BVM @ 8 bpm Nitroglycerin Contraindications - CORRECT ANSWER Hypotension, Brady/tachycardia. evidence of right ventricular infraction, and Erectile dysfunction medications w in 48 hours Chest pain in ______ patients should have a higher index of suspicion - CORRECT ANSWER Diabetics, geriatrics, and female patients with atypical facial pain Bradycardia is considered - CORRECT ANSWER less Tham 50bpm How to stop the burning process - CORRECT ANSWER water or saline Pulse rate for cardiac arrest - CORRECT ANSWER 0bpm Adult rule of 9's - Head - CORRECT ANSWER 9% BSA (Divide in-half for front and back) Adult rule of 9's - Arms - CORRECT ANSWER 9% BSA Each (Divide in half for front and back) Adult rule of 9's - Legs - CORRECT ANSWER 18% BSA Each (Divide in half for front and back) Adult rule of 9's - Anterior Trunk - CORRECT ANSWER 18% BSA (Divide into chest and abdomen) Adult rule of 9's - Posterior Trunk - CORRECT ANSWER 18% BSA (Divide upper and lower back) A BVM is acceptable when pulse oximetry is kept above - CORRECT ANSWER 90% In a suspected brain injury, position the bed___ - CORRECT ANSWER at a 30 degree angle How many waiting room criteria must be present? - CORRECT ANSWER All Step 1 of Trauma Field Triage - CORRECT ANSWER Measure vial signs and level of consciousness Step 2 of Trauma Field Triage - CORRECT ANSWER Assess anatomy of injury Step 3 of Trauma Field Triage - CORRECT ANSWER Assess MOI and evidence of high energy impact Step 4 Trauma Field Triage - CORRECT ANSWER Assess special patients Step 1 of Trauma Field Triage Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A. GCS is 13 or less B. Systolic BP <90mmHg C. Respiratory Rate less than 10 or more than 29 D. Is in need of ventilatory Support Step 2 of Trauma Field Triage Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A. Penetrating injuries to head, neck, torso, or extremities proximal to elbow or knee B. Chest wall instability or deformity C. Two or more proximal long bone fractures D. Crushed, devolved, mangled, or pulseless extremity E. Amputation proximal to wrist or ankle F. Pelvic Fractures G. Open or depressed skull fractures H. Paralysis Step 3 of Trauma Field Triage Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A. Falls B. High Risk Auto-crash C. Motor Cycle Crash greater than 20 mph C. Auto vs pedestrian Step 4 Trauma Field Triage Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A. Older Adults B. Children C. Anticoagulants and bleeding disorders D. Burns E. Pregnancy >20 weeks F. Provider Judgement Fall Trauma Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER Adults- greater than 20 feet Children- greater than 10 ft of the height of child Auto Crash Trauma Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Crash speed over 40mph 2. Intrusion greater than 12 inches 3. Any ejection 4. Roll over 5. Death in the same passenger compartment Older Adult Trauma Special Assessments - CORRECT ANSWER -Risk of injury -Systolic BP less than 110 mmHg - Low impact mechanisms Children should always - CORRECT ANSWER be transported to a trauma center Burn Special Trauma Assessments - CORRECT ANSWER - If no other trauma relevant, transport to Burn Center - Trauma patients w/ burns falling into St Rose Siena catchment area will be transported to Sunrise Hospital If a physician giving on-line medical consultation directs you to provide care not explicitly stated in the protocols, what do you do? - CORRECT ANSWER Notify office of OEMSTS In a behavior emergency if patient is a risk to yourself of themselves - CORRECT ANSWER Use a 2 or 4 point restraint as need, and call law enforcement Scene time for stroke patients - CORRECT ANSWER Less than 10 min Telemetry shall be established for - CORRECT ANSWER -Time sensitive calls - Medical emergency where physician consultation is necessary - for all trauma en route to trauma -When telemetry is indicated per protocol Telemetry should be established by - CORRECT ANSWER radio POLST stands for - CORRECT ANSWER Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment Valid forms of DNRs - CORRECT ANSWER form, wallet card, or medallion issued by the SNHD, or any identification issued by another state Does verbal instruction from family or friends validate a DNR or POLST? - CORRECT ANSWER No