SOC 202 Popular Culture study guide 2025
Gender ID in the 1950's - domesticity , nuclear family, rise of suburbs, harmony, strict gender
roles, mom and pop
Gender ID in the 1960's-70's - Rise of women's movement (feminism)
Gender ID in the 1980's - Pop culture was forced to respond increasingly effective feminism
and did so via the "out of control" feminist. The independent woman was seen as
unappealing.
Labelling Theory - Examines how deviance and conformity result not so much from what
people do as from how others respond to those actions
Charles Cooley's Looking Glass Theory - We imagine how others see our appearance. We
imagine other's judgement of our appearance. Our feelings - pride or shame - are
determined by our imagination of judgments of us.
Gender Representation - Both masculinity and femininity are in many ways performed
gender identities. Gender is something we do, perform, respond to, maintain and subvert.
Judith Butler's Gender Trouble (1990) - Gender is "the repeated stylization of the body, a set
of repeated acts within a regulatory frame that produce the appearance of a natural sort of
being"
Gayle Rubin - Connects gender expectations to both performance and deviance. For
example, "patriarchy has determined the acceptable meaning of female behaviour and
categorized it accordingly". Central to restrictions of female autonomy over representations,
freedom and behaviours are repressive ideologies categorizing sexual behaviour as good or
bad.
