Social Psychology - Introduction to Psychology - Questions, Exams of Introduction to Psychology

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Social Psychology

1. Define social psychology.

2. Define an attitude and it's three main components.

3. What do we mean by the following? Attitudes are often ambivalent. General attitudes do not predict behavior. Attitudes are constructed on-line.

4. Describe the two main routes by which someone might be persuaded to change their attitude.

5. What is cognitive dissonance and how might it lead to attitude change?

6. Describe the research of Festinger & Carlsmith (1959).

7. What does cognitive dissonance have to do with hazing?

8. According to attribution theory, we either think that someone's behavior is caused by _________ or by ____________.

9. What is the fundamental attribution error?

10. What are the two kinds of bias that first impressions, whether positive or negative, can lead to? What do these two kinds of bias have in common? How do they differ?

11. What is social categorization?

12. Stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination in turn correspond to which of the three components of an attitude?

13. What is the outgroup-homogeneity bias?

14. What is ingroup favoritism?

15. What is the difference between a personal identity and a social identity?

16. According to social identity theory, what is the causal relationship between ingroup favoritism, outgroup denigration, social identity, and self-esteem?

17. Is individual task performance always better when there is an audience?

18. When a group's performance is measured, and the size of the group increases, does each individual exert more effort or less effort in the task?

19. What is deindividuation?

20. What are some of the causes, symptoms, and consequences of groupthink?

21. What is a group norm or a social norm?

22. Describe the two types of influence that lead people to conform to group norms. Describe experiments that demonstrate these influences.

23. Describe these three techniques – foot in the door, door in the face, and low balling – for getting someone to comply with a request.

24. Describe Milgram's obedience study and it's main finding.

25. What are some of the factors that decrease the degree of obedience shown by subjects?

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25. Is aggression an instinctual drive that builds up over time?

26. What are some of the biological components of aggression?

27. What is the Berkowitz model for the causes of aggression?

28. How does the presence of weapons increase aggression that does not involve weapon use?

29. Describe Eron et al's (1972) longitudinal study of the relationship between TV violence and aggression.

30. Who was Kitty Genovese?

31. What is the bystander effect?

32. What are the four main determinants of who you become friends with?

33. What are the three independent dimensions in romantic love, according to Sternberg?

34. _____ percent of marriages end in divorce and only _____ percent are identified as happy.

35. What are the three main causes of unhappy marriages?

36. What are the three main ways to make a marriage last?

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