SPCH 1315 UNIT I Review questions with correct answers updated already passed, Exams of Nursing

Download SPCH 1315 UNIT I Review questions with correct answers updated already passed and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

SPCH 1315 UNIT I Review questions with

correct answers updated already passed

What is the key question the speaker should ask when determining if he or she is communicating effectively in a speech? - correct answer ✔✔Am I getting through to my listeners? Not - Am I performing well or am I giving out good information. Who bears the responsibility for communication taking place? - correct answer ✔✔the speaker and the listener What skills does the textbook say employers are most influenced by when hiring? - correct answer ✔✔Oral communication skills - speaking and listening What happens when a message has discrepancies/contradictions between verbal and nonverbal symbols? - correct answer ✔✔The audience usually accepts the nonverbal symbols. verbal symbols - correct answer ✔✔words nonverbal symbols - correct answer ✔✔communication without words, including what you convey with your tone of voice, eyes, gestures, sounds, facial expressions, gestures, appearance and posture components of the communication process - correct answer ✔✔speaker creates message and sends it via a channel to the listener, listener interprets message and sends feedback via a channel to the speaker. Interference impedes accurate communication. The situation is the time and place the communication takes place Ways to seek feedback - correct answer ✔✔1. ask colleagues to critique speech by asking for 3 positive and 3 negative things 2. Use an evaluation form 3. small group of critics after meeting 4. video record your presentation review and show to others to critique responsibilities of a speaker - correct answer ✔✔high ethical standards (honest and straightforward), enrich listeners' lives, take every speech seriously

ethical responsibilities of a speaker - correct answer ✔✔never distort information, respect your audience, reject stereotyping and scapegoating speech types speakers fail to take seriously - correct answer ✔✔classroom and small audience speeches What is an extemporaneous delivery? - correct answer ✔✔A speech that is planned, but not memorized. An outline may be used to stay on track. Should a speaker strive to meet the needs of everyone in the audience? - correct answer ✔✔yes What is the central idea? - correct answer ✔✔the message of the speech boiled down to one sentence (like topic sentence in an essay) What are transitions? - correct answer ✔✔Sentences that connect different points, thoughts, and details in a way that allows them to flow naturally from one to the next. Controlling Nervousness - Planning stage - correct answer ✔✔choose known topic prepare never memorize speech positive imagery self-talk use visual aids anticipate technical problems practice most on introduction Controlling Nervousness - Immediately preceding speech - correct answer ✔✔PAVE (P)hysical actions to release tension, get (A)cclimated to audience and setting, (V)erify (E)quipment. Controlling Nervousness - During speech - correct answer ✔✔Initial pause

concentrate on message to audience communication not performance realize symptoms not seen by audience never apologize or mention nervous don't be rattled by audience act poised look directly at audience don't speak fast get audience action early eliminate excess energy accept imperfection welcome experience What fears of public speaking are discussed in the textbook? - correct answer ✔✔Being stared at, failure or rejection, the unknown, traumatic experience in the past, social anxiety Which fear of public speaking usually disappears with experience? - correct answer ✔✔fear of unknown When does the speaker typically get the most nervous? - correct answer ✔✔introduction, beginning of speech What does the textbook say about "vanity" and worrying about oneself during the speech? - correct answer ✔✔you are putting yourself above your audience and your message, inexcusable selfishness What is positive nervousness? - correct answer ✔✔useful energy - converting anxiety into constructive energy - no longer victim, vitalized What is Positive imagery? - correct answer ✔✔visualization of successful actions What is the public speaker's main task? - correct answer ✔✔inform the audience

Review tips for avoiding memory lapses - correct answer ✔✔card trick - names, dates, phone numbers What roles do pauses serve and when should they be used? - correct answer ✔✔before you start for 1. drama 2. look poised and in control 3. calming 4. review first few lines and prepared to give first few sentences 5. focuses the audience What % of information does the listener retain after 10 minutes of a 10 minute speech? - correct answer ✔✔50% - two days - 25% What does Keith Davis say about hearing and listening? - correct answer ✔✔"Hearing is with the ears, listening is with the mind." ideal listeners - correct answer ✔✔eyes focused on speaker mind engaged with what the speaker is saying key point of good listening - correct answer ✔✔learn a lot help to energize and encourage speaker biggest listening error - correct answer ✔✔miscomprehending and distorting what we hear How to Listen Effectively - - correct answer ✔✔prepare yourself be willing to expend energy listen analytically take notes resist distractions avoid fake listening give speaker a fair chance control emotions

How to Listen Effectively - Prepare yourself - correct answer ✔✔physically - get enough sleep, exercise before to stay alert intellectually - research beforehand How to Listen Effectively - Be willing to expend energy - correct answer ✔✔be alert and energetic give total concentration with eyes, ears, and mind Dr. Ralph Nichols on listening - correct answer ✔✔"characterized by faster heart action, quicker circulation of the blood, and a small rise in body temperature." How to Listen Effectively - Listen analytically - correct answer ✔✔focus on main ideas evaluate supports - question accurate/up-to-date, reliable, prove a point? How to Listen Effectively - Take Notes - correct answer ✔✔helps you remember helps you stay focused helps to listen analytically and keeps from daydreaming How to Listen Effectively - Avoid Fake Listening - correct answer ✔✔could result in embarrassment - take notes How to Listen Effectively - Control Emotions - correct answer ✔✔understand, hear them out, prepare counterarguement How to Listen Effectively - Give Every Speaker a Fair Chance - correct answer ✔✔focus on the message The Listener's Responsibilities - correct answer ✔✔show courtesy and respect - golden rule reject electronic intrusion - turn off or look at speaker frequently or explain ahead of impending calls, sit near door, take call outside do not multitask - mar performance (comprehension suffers), hurt professionally (bad assignments, passed over, fired) provide encouragement - full attention, notes, lean forward, interest in face and animation (nod)

find value in every speech - "make lemonade" Plutarch on Listening, "Know how to listen and you will profit even from those who talk badly." Payoff to being an effective listener - correct answer ✔✔better listener, better speaker, easier to listen, better understanding, memory, knowledge gained How many words per minute can listener's process? - correct answer ✔✔500 wpm, speakers talk at 125- 150 wpm room for daydreaming What types of distractions might listeners experience? - correct answer ✔✔auditory - cough, whisper, cell pone, hallway noises visual - poster, other audience members, interruptions physical - hunger, headache, stuffy nose, uncomfortable, too hot or cold mental - daydreams, worries, preoccupation When Evaluating Speaker - correct answer ✔✔establish criteria listen objectively take notes look for (+) and (-) aspects give positive comments first couple negative with positive alternatives ignore nervousness or give positive alternatives be specific When Receiving Evaluations as Speaker - correct answer ✔✔don't be defensive - don't counterattack seek clarification strive for improvement

Tips on listeners - correct answer ✔✔focus on speaker, do not daydream or text, listen with an open mind, avoid prejudgement. Tips on note taking - correct answer ✔✔only key information summarize use note taking method review notes What is brainstorming? - correct answer ✔✔quickly and uncritically generating ideas that can stimulate creative solutions - don't censor - write everything end up with a document that can be anylized The three most popular types of speeches - correct answer ✔✔to inform, to persuade, to entertain Steps and valuable tools to develop clear objectives. - correct answer ✔✔1. select a TOPIC

2. establish a GENERAL PURPOSE
3. formulate a SPECIFIC PURPOSE
4. communicate your CENTRAL IDEA Select a topic that - correct answer ✔✔you care about - enthusiasm is contagious can master will interest an audience you can narrow down - formulate a specific purpose Personal Inventory for Speech Topics - correct answer ✔✔work experience special skills or knowledge pastimes (hobbies, sports, recreation) travel unusual experiences

school interests (academic and extracurricular) concerns or beliefs (politics, society, family, etc) Select a topic from which you know a lot or can learn. - correct answer ✔✔personal experiences - ordinary, but interesting exploring interests - what do you find intriguing? brainstorming (to create intellectual thunder and lightening) - write what pops into your mind, don't censor exploring internet - news sites, social media, general-interest Questions to ask to determine possible audience interest - correct answer ✔✔1. Ask instructor

2. Survey classmates - "very, moderately, not at all interesting" general purpose definition - correct answer ✔✔the broad objective of the speech specific purpose definition - correct answer ✔✔the precise goal that a speaker wants to achieve central idea definition - correct answer ✔✔the key concept of a speech expressed in one sentence same a thesis statement in written essay vital ingredient to outline controls entire speech (EVERYTHING said in speech should develop, explain, illustrate, or prove it) general purpose guidelines - correct answer ✔✔to inform - define a concept, explain a situation, demonstrate a process, describe a person, place, event to persuade - win your listeners to your point of view (influence their thinking or prompt them to take action) to entertain-aimed at amusing or diverting your audience (light, fun, relaxing) use jokes, anecdotes, quotes, examples specific purpose guidelines - correct answer ✔✔begin the statement with an infinitive

include a reference to your audience limit the statement to one major idea make your statement as precise as possible achieve objective in time allotted not too technical central idea guidelines - correct answer ✔✔DEVISE then research support

1. Only one central idea
2. Put the central idea on paper
3. Limit to one sentence - clear idea
4. Assertion, not announcement
5. The central idea determines content of entire speech - evaluate each potential item to support the central idea specific purpose examples - correct answer ✔✔To explain (begin the statement with an infinitive) to my audience (include a reference to your audience) how to choose the right vegetable oil for cooking different kinds of food (limit the statement to one major idea, make your statement as precise as possible, achieve objective in time allotted, not too technical) general purpose examples - correct answer ✔✔to inform - how your credit score is figured to persuade - donate money for autism research to entertain - My life with a parrot named Alex 5 biggest speaker mistakes - correct answer ✔✔failing to tailor speech to audience, using powerpoint effectively, speaking too long, poorly prepared, being dull What is a verb form beginning with "To" - correct answer ✔✔infinitive Parts of a speech - correct answer ✔✔

What does the textbook say about hidden messages or purposes? - correct answer ✔✔unstated objectives that are far afield from listener-focused purposes such as "to inform or persuade". Not necessarily bad. Ulterior purposes that make us self-centered and insensitive to our listener's needs. channel - correct answer ✔✔a pathway through which information is transmitted main channels - correct answer ✔✔auditory (voice) and visual (gestures, facial expressions, visual aids), also taste, smell, touch, and physical activity feedback - correct answer ✔✔Verbal and nonverbal responses made by a listener to a speaker verbal feedback - correct answer ✔✔a listener asks questions or makes comments nonverbal feedback - correct answer ✔✔smiling, nodding, frowning, arms folded, yawning interference - correct answer ✔✔Anything that blocks or hinders the accurate communication of a message types of interference - correct answer ✔✔1. external (coughing, talking, broken air conditioner) 2. internal (hungry, tired, sick, daydreaming,worry) 3. speaker-generated (unfamiliar words, confusing concepts, bizarre clothing) listener - correct answer ✔✔the person who receives the speaker's message message - correct answer ✔✔whatever a speaker communicates verbally and nonverbally to the listener scapegoat - correct answer ✔✔an individual or a group that innocently bears the blame for others situation - correct answer ✔✔the setting in which communication takes place

speaker - correct answer ✔✔The originator of a message sent to a listener stereotype - correct answer ✔✔An oversimplified, simplistic or exaggerated image that humans carry in their minds about groups of people. verbal fillers - correct answer ✔✔Sounds and words such as "uh," "er," "okay," and "ya know adrenaline - correct answer ✔✔a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, especially in conditions of stress, stimulates heart, lungs, and muscles and prepares the body for "fright, flight, or fight" hearing - correct answer ✔✔the process by which sound waves are received by the ear listening - correct answer ✔✔the act of interpreting and evaluating what is being said Henry David Thoreau on listening - correct answer ✔✔"We hear and apprehend only what we already half know."