SRP Speech | PHYS - Physics 3 - Advanced, Quizzes of Advanced Physics

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Good morning Mr Gove and girls. As a brief introduction I

decided to focus my experiment around the physics behind

scooter riding and eventually modelling it with a car.

TERM 2

DEFINITION 2

Before I introduce you to my experiment these are some of

the key words and definitions you will need to know:

TERM 3

DEFINITION 3

Parabola A symmetrical open plane curve formed by the

intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side. The

path of a projectile under the influence of gravity follows a

curve of this shape.

TERM 4

DEFINITION 4

Velocity The speed of something in a given direction.

TERM 5

DEFINITION 5

Gravitational Acceleration The acceleration on an object

caused by the force of gravity.

Coping A metal joint from the ledge at the top of the ramp

used for standing to the down ramp which comes off.

TERM 7

DEFINITION 7

Tail Whip A trick on a scooter which the scooters deck spins a

full 360 degrees.

TERM 8

DEFINITION 8

Ollie A basic horizontal jump on a scooter.

TERM 9

DEFINITION 9

And these are some of the key formulas I used throughout

my experiments

TERM 10

DEFINITION 10 So, this is one of the formulas for velocity. It means:Total energy = gravitational potential energy + kinetic energy= mass times gravitational acceleration times height from the surface of the earth + of mass times velocity squared = gravitation acceleration times height 1 - gravitational acceleration times height 2 = velocity squared

Although, this is an amazing recourse to look at the technology is fairly new and is almost impossible to collect any data on how it was made or how it works similarly to all other companies that have created similar softwares. This means it wasnt much use for my experiment other than some inspiration. However, in order to complete this experiment general knowledge on velocity, projectile and gravitational acceleration is required. TERM 17

DEFINITION 17 The velocity of an object is the rate of changing of its position with respect to the frame of reference, and its function of time. Velocity is equivalent to a specification of an objects speed and direction of motion. Velocity is a fundamental concept of kinematics the branch of classical mathematics that describes the motion of bodies. Velocity is closely related to kinetic and potential energy which was crucial elements in this experiment. TERM 18

DEFINITION 18 Kinetic energy is possessed by an object in motion. Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the object and to the square of its velocity. K.E. = m velocity squared.If the mass has units of kilograms and the velocity of metres per second, the kinetic energy has units of kilograms meters per second squared. Kinetic energy is usually measured in units of Joules. TERM 19

DEFINITION 19 One Joule is equal to 1kg meters sqared per seconds squaredPotential energy is energy an object has because of its position relative to some other object. The formula for potential energy depends on the force acting on the two objects. For the gravitational force the formula is P.E. = mgh, where m is mass in kilograms, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the height in metres. TERM 20

DEFINITION 20 These two energy types can then be used to find the velocity. The physics and mathematics of a projectile is also key in this experiment. A projectile is an object upon which the only force acting is gravity. By definition, a projectile has a single force that acts upon it the force of gravity. If there were any other forces acting upon an object, then that object, would not be a projectile.

Projectile motion of any object is a parabola. The motion of projectiles is analysed in terms of two independent motions at right angles. The horizontal component of the motion is at a constant velocity, while the vertical motion is subject to a constant acceleration due to gravity. The horizontal and vertically movement are the two components of the projectiles motion. Since perpendicular components of motion are independent of each other, these two components must be discussed separately. TERM 22

DEFINITION 22

This means that if one component is changed the other one

is not impacted. These two components are often referred to

as the x-component (horizontally) and y-component

(vertically). These two components must not be included in

the same equation except when discussing time.

TERM 23

DEFINITION 23 When studying projectiles range is often considered. The range of an object in projectile motion I defined as the distance from the point of projection to the point at which the particle reaches the ground again. Subsequent to the study of projectile motion scientists also conducted significant research on the gravitational impact. This research was often discussed through a free-falling object. TERM 24

DEFINITION 24

A free-falling object is an object that is falling under the sole

influence of gravity. A free-falling object has an acceleration

of 9.8 m/s, downward on Earth. This numerical value for the

acceleration of a free-falling object is such an important

value that it is given a special name known as the

acceleration of gravity.

TERM 25

DEFINITION 25

The numerical value for the acceleration of gravity is most

accurately known as 9.8m/s. There are slight variations in

this numerical value that are dependent primarily upon

altitude. Occasionally the approximated value is 10 m/s.

I later decided the outcome of this experiment although sophisticated and diverse would be basic knowledge and skills not allowing me to push myself. After speaking to Mr Gove, Mr Johnston, Mr Edwards and Mrs Woodward I decided that my new aim would be to calculate the parabola of a scooter Ollie and determine whether executing a trick mid-air would change the expected and actual landing position. TERM 32

DEFINITION 32

After hours of preparation for this experiment I was told that

the design didnt support Wenonas safety guidelines as the

riders could experience injury. Due to my passion for the

project I persisted and submitted a cohesive risk assessment

for analysis by the Science Department. Unfortunately, the

experiment was denied again.

TERM 33

DEFINITION 33 Soon after this I spoke with Ms Woodward and I decided to model the experiment instead. Initially I was going to use a propeller to simulate the trick however I later decided this would be an added for and my experiment would be invalid. Subsequently to several debates with Science and Mathematics teachers I settled on determining whether changing the distribution of mass on a model car affected the landing distance and relating this to a trick simulation if possible. TERM 34

DEFINITION 34

This experiment included mathematically calculating the

velocity and projectile distance testing my endurance foe

learning new formulas and applying them. Although this

experiment wasnt the ideal situation or the original idea it

included the general aspects of what I was trying to achieve

and allowed me to push myself in many aspects.

TERM 35

DEFINITION 35

My experiment was carefully designed in order to keep

consistency and validity. I took the following step in order for

this to be achieved

Ramps Used During my experiment I used two ramps. I initially decided on one which would be the standard launching ramp used for the projectile however, I realised that in order to keep the velocity prior to the launch off the ramp consistent I would have to use another drop in ramp. I manipulated the blue track to include a second ramp prior to the launching ramp. It consistently stayed exactly 130cm from the ground. This ramp allowed the velocity to stay as consistent as possible allowing the calculations to be more reliable. TERM 37

DEFINITION 37 Release of Car Another implication I used to keep the velocity consistent was how I released the car. I was concerned if I let go of the car, I would apply a force from my hands subconsciously. My solution to this was to place my finger at the edge of the car in the same marked position each time and letting go releasing the car opposed to dropping it. This small design change ensured the velocity was staying accurate. TERM 38

DEFINITION 38

Placement of Launching Ramp In order to ensure my

experiment was extremely valid I ensured that the beginning

and launching position of the ramp was placed the same

distance from the drop-in ramp each time. This ensured the

velocity stayed the same and the landing location was in

proportion each time.

TERM 39

DEFINITION 39

Camera Angles In order to ensure that my measurements

were accurate and ensured the camera was angled 90

degrees from the experiment location each time to keep the

camera frame angle consistent in order to refrain from

manipulating the results.

TERM 40

DEFINITION 40

Mathematical Analysis

I believe this is because although the centre of mass didnt change the weight distribution of mass did change slightly impacting the landing position. As the weight is at the front theoretically the nose of the car should land first due to the gravitational force on the weight. This experiment however was impacted by the interruption of the metal electrical box running along the edge of the wall. TERM 47

DEFINITION 47 This impacted the results as the projectiles that should have had a longer distance were interrupted affecting its landing position. This is what differentiates the second test from the first. As the second test didnt have the interruption the projectiles that should have gone further went further creating a larger distance between the results. There is a consistent trend through the two results however, being that the runs with the mass uncentred generally didnt travel as far. TERM 48

DEFINITION 48 Unfortunately, I cannot relate this experimental design to the scooter trick as the centre of mass doesnt change, there isnt weight distribution change in a scooter trick and the model just didnt generally represent this. In future I would like to code a propeller that spun around on release of the launch point to simulate the trick however, I wasnt able to execute this in the time given. TERM 49

DEFINITION 49

If I were to re-do my experiment, I would change the

following things in order to make it a more accurate, reliable

and valid test:

TERM 50

DEFINITION 50

Velocity During my experiment I assumed the velocity was

the same as the starting ramp was consistently the same

height and distance from the launching ramp however, in

future experiments I would film the initial drop in ramp

release and check to see if the velocity staying consistent as

I thought it would.

Flooring The experiment was executed on carpet floor in the

classroom. Although the floor was level is was also easily

manipulated and wasnt as sturdy. Therefore, in the future I

would complete the experiment on wooden or concrete

levelled floor.

TERM 52

DEFINITION 52

Number of tests The valid experiment was only completed

once which was suitable however, I would be able to analyse

more consistent results if it had been completed another few

times in order to ensure the experiments were consistent.

TERM 53

DEFINITION 53

Overall, the changing the weight distribution of mass does

not affect the projectile distance and isnt able to relate to the

question of determining whether doing a trick mid-air affects

the projectile distance by using the parabola formulae

because the centre of mass doesnt change meaning the

hypothesis was correct.