SSI diving final test pt.1 Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Advanced Education

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SSI diving final test pt.1 Exam Questions

and Answers

Ear squeeze can be prevented by:

• Relaxing
• Never diving with a cold
• Rotating the jaw, swallowing or Valsalva
• All answers are correct - Answer- all answers are correct The purpose of equalization is to:
• Ensure the uneven application of pressure between the water and air spaces in the body
• Remove all fluids from body air spaces -Introduce additional air into body air spaces in response to increasing external pressure
• Prevent water from entering air spaces in the body - Answer- Introduce additional air into body air spaces in response to increasing external pressure Body heat is lost underwater at a rate of ___ than in air.
• 10 times slower
• 50 times faster
• 25 to 30 times faster
• same - Answer- 25 to 30 times faster Salt water weighs ___ pounds per cubic foot and freshwater weighs ___ pounds per cubic foot.
• 64/62.
• 54/
• 65/
• They both weigh the same - Answer- 64/62. Sinus squeeze can be prevented by:
• Tilting the divers head back and forth
• The Valsalva technique
• Not diving with a cold
• Wearing earplugs - Answer- Not diving with a cold Earplugs:
• Aid equalization of the middle ear

• Protect against cold
• Protect the ears from squeeze
• Should never be worn while diving - Answer- Should never be worn while diving The condition in which certain colors are diminished as depth increases is called:
• Absorption
• Turbidity
• Refraction
• Diffusion - Answer- Absorption The first symptom of a sinus squeeze is usually:
• A sharp pain or wedging sensation above the eyes
• A sharp pain at the base of the neck
• A dull pain deep within the head
• A crushing pain high in the chest - Answer- A sharp pain or wedging sensation above the eyes The greatest relative pressure change in sea water takes place between ____ and ____ feet.
• 0/
• 33/
• 66/
• 99/132 - Answer- 0/ If you experience pain in the ear during descent:
• Continue the descent while gently exhaling into the mask
• Stop the descent and ascend until the pain stops
• Abort the dive
• Place a finger in the ear canal and gently massage the ear until the pain ceases - Answer- Stop the descent and ascend until the pain stops Proper equalization techniques must be learned in order to:
• Prevent squeeze injuries
• Prevent ear pain
• Prevent sinus squeeze
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The absolute pressure expressed in terms of atmospheres absolute at 99 feet in salt water is:
• 3.5 ata
• 2.5 ata
• 3 ata
• 4 ata - Answer- 4 ata Gauge pressure is defined as:
• The depth reading on a gauge

• The pressure at the surface
• Hydrostatic pressure minus 1 ata
• Absolute pressure minus 1 ata - Answer- Absolute pressure minus 1 ata Underwater, the bending of light rays causes objects to appear to be:
• Closer
• Farther away
• The same as the surface
• At an angle consistent with the bend of the light - Answer- Closer Which of the statements concerning sound transmission underwater is correct?
• Divers find it difficult to locate the direction of a sound producing source
• All answers are correct
• Sound will travel farther underwater than in air
• Sound travels four times faster underwater than in air - Answer- All answers are correct Absolute pressure is defined as:
• The pressure at the surface plus 1 ata
• The weight of the water that surrounds a diver
• The total pressure exerted on an object
• All answers are correct - Answer- The total pressure exerted on an object If a flexible air-filled container has a volume of 40 cu ft on the surface, what would the volume be at 99 feet in sea water? (rounded off)
• 60 cu ft
• 25 cu ft
• 10 cu ft
• 20 cu ft - Answer- 10 cu ft The event that led to the use of the acronym SCUBA to describe diving was:
• Post-WWII equipment refinements
• The invention of the diving helmet in circa 1800
• The development of the demand regulator in 1943
• The development of air pumps in the 19th century - Answer- The development of the demand regulator in 1943 One atmosphere of pressure is defined as:
• 1 ata
• Each 33 feet of depth in sea water
• Each 34 feet of depth in freshwater
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The absolute pressure expressed in terms of atmospheres absolute at 33 feet in sea water is:
• 1 ata

• 2 ata
• 3 ata
• 4 ata - Answer- 2 ata Assuming a consistent air consumption rate, diving at a pressure of 4 ata will use __ as much air as diving at 2 ata.
• 4 times
• 5 times
• 2 times
• 8 times - Answer- 2 times During normal diving activities, divers should never exceed an ascent rate of __ feet per minute.
• 30
• 20
• 9
• 18 - Answer- 30 A high pressure scuba cylinder should be stored:
• Lying flat with no air
• With the valve slightly open to allow air expansion
• Secured and with a minimum of 500 to 750 psi
• Secured with the valve open - Answer- Secured and with a minimum of 500 to 750 psi The Information System components are:
• Dive Computer, Analogue Instruments, if the Dive Computer does not supply all necessary information and SSI Total DiveLog
• Dive Computer and SSI Total DiveLog
• SSI Dive Tables and SSI Total DiveLog
• Dive computer, SSI Total DiveLog, and written dive plan - Answer- Dive Computer, Analogue Instruments, if the Dive Computer does not supply all necessary information and SSI Total DiveLog An object immersed in water will be buoyed upward by a force ______ the weight of the water it displaces.
• equal to
• Greater than
• Less than
• 2 times - Answer- equal to A scuba cylinder must be hydrostatically tested:
• A minimum of once a year
• After 100 dives
• Within fixed intervals set by local law
• Never, no test is required - Answer- Within fixed intervals set by local law

Which of the following Total Diving System subsystems best describes the SCUBA?

• The Buoyancy System
• The Delivery System
• The Snorkeling System
• The Information System - Answer- The Delivery System The purpose of a BC is to:
• Control ascent and descent rates
• Provide surface floatation
• Maintain neutral buoyancy during the dive
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The three primary features to look for in a quality Exposure System are:
• Cost, quality, and appearance
• Cost, thickness, and seam integrity
• Thickness, fit, and seam integrity
• Brand, availability, and thickness - Answer- Thickness, fit, and seam integrity One of the primary factors contributing to heat loss for divers is:
• Convection
• Refraction
• Absorption
• Diffusion - Answer- Convection The most efficient breathing pattern for scuba diving is:
• Short shallow breaths
• Long slow inhalation and faster exhalation
• A deep balanced inhalation followed by a long balanced exhalation without any pause between inhaling and exhaling
• Rapid inhalation and exhalation cycles - Answer- A deep balanced inhalation followed by a long balanced exhalation without any pause between inhaling and exhaling A scuba tank for recreational diving should be filled with:
• A mixture of helium and oxygen
• A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen
• Pure, filtered compressed air or Nitrox
• Pure oxygen - Answer- Pure, filtered compressed air or Nitrox Under the SSI Equipment Service Program, your Delivery System should be serviced and performance checked:
• Every five years
• Every three years
• Every month
• Every year - Answer- Every year Which of the following factors affect a diver's air consumption rate?

• Extreme exertion from working heavily
• Poor physical conditioning
• Extreme stress brought on by improper response to anxiety-producing situations
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The three Basic Rules of Scuba stated in the proper order of importance are:
• Maintain neutral buoyancy, breathe continuously, and ascend slowly
• Breathe continuously, Use compressed air only, and the 3-R Rule
• Regain control, respond, and react
• Breathe continuously, ascend slowly and maintain control, and never dive alone or beyond your level of training - Answer- Breathe continuously, ascend slowly and maintain control, and never dive alone or beyond your level of training The Delivery System components are:
• A regulator and an alternate air source
• A regulator, buoyancy compensation device, and a high pressure air cylinder
• A regulator, alternate air source, and a high pressure scuba cylinder
• A regulator and high pressure air cylinder - Answer- A regulator, alternate air source, and a high pressure scuba cylinder The Buoyancy Control System components are:
• Buoyancy compensator, exposure suit, and inflation device
• Regulator, inflation device, and weight belt or BC weight pockets
• Buoyancy compensator, inflation device, and weight belt or BC weight pockets
• Buoyancy compensator and inflation device - Answer- Buoyancy compensator, inflation device, and weight belt or BC weight pockets The SSI Equipment Service Program is designed to:
• Protect the most important system components
• Protect the Delivery and Buoyancy Control System
• Keep all the components of the Total Diving System to optimal performance
• Notify you when a hydrostatic test is due on your high pressure cylinder - Answer- Keep all the components of the Total Diving System to optimal performance Decompression sickness occurs when:
• A diver stays at depth too long and surfaces too quickly
• The nitrogen tissue tolerance gradient is exceeded
• Excess nitrogen bubbles out of solution into the blood and tissues
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The most serious lung overexpansion injury is:
• Pneumothorax
• Arterial Gas Embolism
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• Mediastinal emphysema - Answer- Arterial Gas Embolism

Other symptoms of decompression sickness include:

• Numbness
• Paralysis and loss of manual dexterity
• Itchy skin
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct If a flexible air-filled container at 100 feet of sea water has a volume of 10 cu ft, what would be the volume if it were transported to the surface?
• 15 cu ft
• 20 cu ft
• 30 cu ft
• 40 cu ft - Answer- 40 cu ft The only accepted treatment for Arterial Gas Embolism is:
• Immediate recompression by taking the victim underwater to relieve the symptoms
• Stabilize victim in nearest medical facility and transport to decompression chamber for recompression
• Surgery to repair the ruptured lung
• All are accepted treatments - Answer- Stabilize victim in nearest medical facility and transport to decompression chamber for recompression The term gradient can be described as:
• Total tissue saturation
• The difference between the internal partial pressure and the external partial pressure of a gas
• As always zero when the diver is super-saturated
• The total pressure of all gases - Answer- The difference between the internal partial pressure and the external partial pressure of a gas The best prevention for decompression sickness is to:
• Never dive below 100 feet
• Plan your dive and dive your plan
• Never hold your breath
• Dive with a buddy that has a computer - Answer- Plan your dive and dive your plan Haldanes theory that the human body can withstand a 2:1 pressure difference was revised by D Workman to a nitrogen ratio of:
• 5:
• 1:
• 3:
• 1.58 : 1 - Answer- 1.58 : 1 The proper first aid for Arterial Gas embolism, Subcutaneous emphysema, Pneumothorax, and Mediastinal Emphysema is:
• Administer oxygen (if qualified)

• Watch Vital signs, treat for shock and stand by to administer cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (if qualified)
• Seek proper medical aid (a recompression chamber) as quickly as possible
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct Overexpansion injuries can be prevented by:
• Never holding your breath while diving
• Learning the correct breathing patterns reinforced in classroom, pool, and open water training
• Dive with a properly maintained high-quality Total Diving System
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct In air at 1 ata, the partial pressure of nitrogen is___, oxygen is_____.
• 0.79/0.21 ata
• 0.21/0.79 ata
• 1.5/0.8 ata
• 0.8/0.4 ata - Answer- 0.79/0.21 ata Dalton's Law can be paraphrased as:
• The total pressure of the water surrounding a diver
• The pressure of the water plus 1 ata
• The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures
• The percentage of nitrogen that causes decompression sickness - Answer- The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures The transfer of oxygen and nitrogen into the bloodstream occurs through the walls of the:
• Bronchiole trees
• Alveoli
• Blood vessels
• Arteries - Answer- Alveoli Which of the following would be inappropriate treatment for a diver evidencing symptoms of Decompression Sickness?
• Administering CPR
• Administering pure oxygen (if qualified)
• Treat for shock
• Taking the victim back underwater - Answer- Taking the victim back underwater The rate at which the body becomes saturated with nitrogen:
• Is always the same rate
• Will vary based on factors such as depth and blood supply to a particular area of the body
• Is faster at the beginning of the process and slower at the end of the process

• Is slower at the beginning of the process and faster at the end of the process - Answer- Will vary based on factors such as depth and blood supply to a particular area of the body Gas can enter the bloodstream and cause serious damage to the lungs or even death by:
• Holding your breath while diving
• Diving with respiratory congestion
• Ascending too fast
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by chest pain, breathing difficulties, weakness, and cyanosis (blueness) of the lips and nail beds:
• Rupture of Eardrum
• Bends
• Subcutaneous Emphysema
• Mediastinal Emphysema and Pneumothorax - Answer- Mediastinal Emphysema and Pneumothorax Diving at altitude or flying after diving:
• Does not require any special considerations for the diver
• Allows the diver to spend a greater amount of time at depth without exceeding the no- decompression limits
• Allows the diver to ignore the no-decompression limits
• Requires special diving computer functions, altitude tables and/or refraining from flying from at least 24 hours after the completion of a dive - Answer- Requires special diving computer functions, altitude tables and/or refraining from flying from at least 24 hours after the completion of a dive The major, and most common, symptom of decompression sickness is:
• A feeling of euphoria
• Respiratory failure
• Puffiness in the neck and shoulder areas
• Joint pain - Answer- Joint pain Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by swelling in the neck area with a crackling sensation upon touching the swollen area?
• Pneumothorax
• Arterial Gas Embolism
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• Mediastinal emphysema - Answer- Subcutaneous emphysema Rip currents are formed by:

• Wind
• Water breaks over rocks far away from shore and stays inside the tidal pools
• High Tide at full moon
• Water breaks over sand bars and reefs near the beach and recedes through channels or cuts in the bars and reefs - Answer- Water breaks over sand bars and reefs near the beach and recedes through channels or cuts in the bars and reefs To use a compass to navigate to a sighted object:
• Point the magnetic needle toward the object and swim
• Point the lubber line toward the object and swim
• Point the witness marks toward the object and swim
• Point the compass toward the object, rotate the bezel until the witness marks are over the magnetic needle, and follow the lubber line - Answer- Point the compass toward the object, rotate the bezel until the witness marks are over the magnetic needle, and follow the lubber line The term Surface Interval is defined as:
• The amount of time the diver stays out of the water or on the surface between dives
• The amount of time spent on the surface of the water between dives (excludes time out of the water)
• Travel time to and from the dive site
• The amount of nitrogen expelled while on the surface - Answer- The amount of time the diver stays out of the water or on the surface between dives Which of the following steps should be taken in the selection of a dive site:
• Degree of difficulty presented by the site
• Honest evaluation of your diving abilities and conditioning levels, as well as those of your buddy
• Purpose of the dive
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The term No-decompression Limit is defined as:
• The bottom time recorded during a dive
• The maximum depth recorded during the dive
• The maximum allowed time at depth without having to perform a mandatory decompression stop during the ascent
• The maximum surface interval allowed during a day's diving - Answer- The maximum allowed time at depth without having to perform a mandatory decompression stop during the ascent A dive computer keeps track of a diver's nitrogen absorption levels so that the diver can:
• Make decompression dives
• Stay within the no-decompression limits on each dive
• Avoid an Arterial Gas Embolism

• Dive deeper than 100 feet - Answer- Stay within the no-decompression limits on each dive Dive computers are essential for planning and executing dives because they:
• Record all pertinent information
• Monitors ascents and descents
• Help divers stay within the no-decompression limits
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct When entering the water through the surf, dive buddy teams should:
• Enter the water one at a time
• Avoid physical contact
• Time entry to coincide with the highest waves breaking
• Maintain physical contact and time entry to coincide with the lull between wave sets - Answer- Maintain physical contact and time entry to coincide with the lull between wave sets A good diving buddy:
• Is able to help in all phases of diving and dive planning
• Is as familiar with their buddy's diving equipment as they are with their own
• Makes diving more fun
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The term repetitive dive is defined as:
• A second or subsequent dive at the same location
• Any dive started more than 10 minutes and less than 12 hours after a previous scuba dive
• Any dive started less than 10 minutes after a previous scuba dive
• Any dive started more than 10 minutes after a previous scuba dive - Answer- Any dive started more than 10 minutes and less than 12 hours after a previous scuba dive It is OK to share a computer with your dive buddy.
• False
• True - Answer- False The recommended max ascent rate is:
• 60 feet per minute
• 40 feet per minute
• 30 feet per minute
• 25 feet per minute - Answer- 30 feet per minute The most important reason for planning your dives and executing the dive per your plan is to:
• Ensure the dive is enjoyable
• Ensure the proper amount of gas is used
• Prevent accidents

• Maintain the proper surface interval - Answer- Prevent accidents If you lose contact with your buddy, you should:
• Surface immediately
• Exit the water at a predetermined location
• Search for no more than a minute by turning 360 degrees and looking up and down and then perform a normal ascent to the surface
• Continue in the direction you were swimming for one minute and then surface - Answer- Search for no more than a minute by turning 360 degrees and looking up and down and then perform a normal ascent to the surface Residual nitrogen is defined as:
• The amount of excessive nitrogen dissolved in our blood stream and tissues after a dive
• The amount of excessive nitrogen dissolved in our blood stream and tissues at the beginning of the initial ascent to the surface
• 80% of the gas we breathe
• The amount of nitrogen dissolved in our blood stream and tissues at the beginning of the first dive of the day - Answer- The amount of excessive nitrogen dissolved in our blood stream and tissues after a dive Use of the SSI Total DiveLog is important because:
• It keeps an accurate record of your personal information and dives
• It contains your medical history and provides important emergency information
• It is an important information resource for future dives
• All answers are correct - Answer- All answers are correct The reciprocal azimuth for an initial azimuth of 60o is:
• 120°
• 240°
• 180°
• 90° - Answer- 240° You should perform a safety stop at 15 feet for 3 to 5 minutes on every dive.
• True
• False - Answer- True