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Chemistry Discussion Section: Stoichiometry, Limiting Reagents, and Lewis Structures - Pro, Exams of Chemistry
The topics and problems for week 4 of a chemistry course, focusing on stoichiometry, limiting reagents, and lewis structures. Students are asked to write balanced chemical reactions, calculate the amount of reagents required, determine molarities, and draw lewis structures with correct molecular shapes.
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CHEM 112 Discussion Section (Sp. ’10, Dr. Landrie)
Topics & Problems – Week 4: Feb. 1- 5
Practice I: Stoichiometry & Limiting Reagents
- Solutions of iron(III) chloride are used to etch copper metal surfaces. This technique was widely used to manufacture printed circuit boards. The products of the chemical reaction are iron (II) chloride and copper (II) chloride a. Write the balanced reaction. b. How many grams of iron(III) chloride are required to prepare 1.00 liter of 2.00 M solution? c. How many grams of copper metal will be dissolved by 501 mL of this solution?
- Silver nitrate solution reacts with sodium choride solution to form silver chloride precipitate (solid). If 10.0 mL of a 0.500 M Ag solution reacts with precisely with 13.5 mL of a NaCl solution, what is the molarity of the sodium chloride solution?
- If 0.0320 g xenon is added to 0.0304 g of fluorine to yield xenon hexafluoride: a. Which reagent is limiting?
b. How many grams of xenon hexafluoride can be produced (i.e., what is the theoretical yield of xenon hexafluoride)? c. If the reaction gave 80 % yield, how many grams of product were obtained?
- How many grams of calcium chloride monohydrate should you weigh out to prepare 500 mL of a 0.100 M solution? a. What is the molarity of Ca+2^ in this solution? b. What is the molarity of Cl - in this solution?
- Calcium metal reacts with oxygen to form calcium oxide. If you start with 4.20 g of calcium metal and 2.80 g of oxygen gas, calculate: a. How many grams of the calcium oxide will form if the percent yield for the reaction is 85.0%
b. The mass (in grams) of the excess reagent remaining after the reaction.
- Sulfuric acid forms in the following (unbalanced) reaction: ____SO 2 + ____O 2 + ____H 2 O → ____H 2 SO 4 Suppose 400.0 g SO 2 , 175 g O 2 , and 125 g H 2 O are mixed and the reaction proceeds until one of the reactants is used up. a. What is the limiting reactant? b. And what masses (in grams) of the two excess reactants are left after the reaction is complete?
Practice II: Lewis structures
- Draw the Lewis structures, including correct molecular shape based on VSEPR, for the following compounds (use dash and wedge notation where necessary): a. Nitrate b. Cyanide
c. Water d. Methane e. Sulfur hexafluoride ( Hint: octahedral) f. Iodine pentafluoride ( Hint: octahedral-square pyramidal) g. Phosgene (COCl 2 ) ( Hint: trigonal planar) h. Sulfur tetrafluoride ( Hint: trigonal bipyramidal, seasaw) i. Carbonate j. Ozone (O 3 ) k. Oxygen (O 2 )