Pioneers in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Key Figures and Concepts, Quizzes of Industrial and organizational psychology

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Frederick Taylor made famous the theory of Scientific Management TERM 2 Walter Dill Scott DEFINITION 2 Father of Psychologyby first applying psychology to advertising TERM 3 Hugo Munsterberg DEFINITION 3 Wrote the first IO Psych Textbook TERM 4 Walter Bingham DEFINITION 4 established the Deivision of Applied Psychology at Carnegie Mellon TERM 5 Which event first saw the rise of selection practices and cognitive ability tests for placement DEFINITION 5 WWI

Hawthorn Study gave rise to the study of employee motivation and topics related to organizatinoal psychology TERM 7 Organizational Psych DEFINITION 7 deals with topic areas such as motivation, leadership, and group processesstudy of behaviors and experiences of people at work TERM 8 Daisy is interested in whether there is a way to select cats that are smart and will quickly learn how to use the litter box. She should consult ______ psych. DEFINITION 8 Industrial TERM 9 Human Factor Psychology DEFINITION 9 focuses on the interface between human and machines TERM 10 Industrial Psych DEFINITION 10 focuses on studies related to human resource functions

Companies utilize assembly lines where each individual employees is in charge of putting together a small element of the larger product. This is based on the ________. Scientific Management TERM 12 Scientific Management DEFINITION 12 An early 20th century school ofmanagementthought concerned primarily with the physicalefficiencyof anindividualworker.Also Called Taylorism TERM 13 Industrial vs Organizational psych DEFINITION 13 Industrial: Recruitment, selection, classification, compensation, Performance Appraisal, trainingOrganizational: socialization, motivation, occupational stress, leadership, group performance, organizational development TERM 14 Daisy believes that once she understands the reasons why cats scratch, she can rearrange her furniture to change her cats scratching behaviors. This fits with which of the following goal of science? DEFINITION 14 Control TERM 15 4 goals of science DEFINITION 15 4 goals - description (what?) - explanation (why?) - prediction (when?) - control

Daisy believes her cats scratching behavior is orderly and systematic, and doesnt happen by chance or randomly. This fits with which of the following scientific assumption? Determinism TERM 17 Empiricism DEFINITION 17 learning via observation and data TERM 18 Determinism DEFINITION 18

• phenomena are orderly and systematic TERM 19 Discoverability DEFINITION 19
• phenomena are knowable TERM 20 Deduction DEFINITION 20 deduction starts with theory to test specific hypothesis

Induction Starts with data to form a theory. TERM 22 After the initial data collection, Daisy came up with a theory that suggests that when cats are stressed, they are more likely to scratch the furniture. In this case, stress in cats is the ______ variable. DEFINITION 22 Independent TERM 23 Confounding variable DEFINITION 23 confounding variable refers to other factors that may influence the results of a study TERM 24 Extraneous DEFINITION 24 other factors that may influence the results of a study TERM 25 Daisy decides to test her theory about cat stress and furniture scratching using a quasi- experimental method with 20 cats. This means that ______. DEFINITION 25 She will use the existing grouping of cats (i.e., 5 at her place and 15 at the shelter) and expose them to calm versus stressful conditions.

quasi-experiment Regular Experiment only without random selectionthere are previously selected groups TERM 27 Which is the most frequently used data collection method in I/O psychology? DEFINITION 27 Survey TERM 28 Daisy gave the same statistics test to a group of stduents at two points in time. She found that the high (and low) scorers on the test at time 1 were also the high (and low) scorers at time 2. This means that her test has: DEFINITION 28 Test-retest reliability TERM 29 Concurrent validity DEFINITION 29 Concurrent validity is established by collecting the predictor and the criterion data at the same time. TERM 30 Criterion-related validity DEFINITION 30 Criterion-related validity assesses whether the test is predictive of an important criterion (e.g., attitude, behavior, or performance)

content validity content validity refers to whethermeasure is a representative sample of domain of interest - domain of interest means if theres a test on chapters 1-5 then there shouldn't be things from chapter 11 on the test. this can be more subjective than quantitative at most times. TERM 32 Students' test 1 scores at time 1 were positively related to whether they later pass or fail the course. This means test 1 has ______. DEFINITION 32 Criterion-related validity TERM 33 Criterion-related validity DEFINITION 33 is the test a good predictor of attitudes, behavior, or performance? (uses correlation) TERM 34

• construct validity DEFINITION 34 extent that test measures underlying construct it is intended to measure, - construct: abstract quality that is unobservable and difficult to measure like justice, intelligence, self-esteem TERM 35 For the exam 1 of the I/O psychology class, Daisy accidentally included a question from a chapter that is not yet covered in the class. This question threatens the ______ of the exam 1. DEFINITION 35 Content validity

Predictive validity Predictive validity is established by collecting the predictor data at time 1 and the criterion data at time 2. TERM 37 For a school bus driver, inserting the key in to the ignition, turning a key, or adjusting the mirrows are all examples of a unit of work activity known as: ______. DEFINITION 37 Element TERM 38 Element DEFINITION 38 smallest unit of work activity TERM 39 Task DEFINITION 39 string of elements that achieve specific objectives TERM 40 Position DEFINITION 40 task performed by one individual in an organization

Job collection of similar positions, share same job title(position = psych professor, job = msu professor) TERM 42 job family DEFINITION 42 class of similar jobs across different organizations (professors across colleges) TERM 43 When Daisy went to Snyder-Phillips hall for lunch, she noticed that the employee sitting at the entrance needs to do a few things before she was allowed in, including greeting her, asking for her ID, swiping it through the machine, and checking the balance. Collectively, these things that the worker did represent: ______. DEFINITION 43 Task TERM 44 Which of the following is an example of the "Things" element for a functional job analysis for college professor? DEFINITION 44

• physical resources (strength, speed, coordination)