Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology 7th Edition, Exams of Nursing

Download Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology 7th Edition and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Test Bank 7th Edition or Anatomy PattonThibodeau Physiology- Test Bank To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the link Below https://tbzuiqe.com/product/test-bank-7th-edition-or-anatomy-pattonthibodeau-physiology-test-bank/ If face any problem or Further information contact us At [email protected] Sample Test Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition Chapter 3: Anatomy of Cells Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. Mature cells that comprise the human body are highly specialized and complex. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 67 TOP: Functional Anatomy of Cells 2. An important function of the cell membrane is the maintenance of cell integrity. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cell Membrane 3. Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Peroxisomes 4. The outer portion of the cell membrane is hydrophobic, or water-loving. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 5. Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum are responsible for making proteins to be exported out of the cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 TOP: Rough ER 6. The functions of the nucleus are regulated by RNA. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 15. Cilia are longer and more numerous than flagella. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 TOP: Cell Extensions 16. Nucleic acid is DNA. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 17. The thinnest cell fibers are tiny, hollow tubes called microtubules. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 79 | Page 80 TOP: Cell Fibers 18. The plasma membrane can be described as a double layer of phospholipid molecules. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 19. Generally, the more active a cell is, the fewer mitochondria it will contain. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 20. Light microscopy is inferior to electron microscopy. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 80 (Figure 3-15) TOP: Cell Fibers 21. The “typical” cell described in Chapter 3 is very similar to most of the cells in the human body. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 68 TOP: The Typical Cell 22. The watery fluid in the cell is called cytosol. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cell Structures 23. Water-soluble substances easily pass through the cell membrane. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 TOP: Cell Membrane 24. Glycoproteins on the cell membrane would prevent someone with type A blood from accepting type B blood. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 25. Rough endoplasmic reticulum looks rough because there are mitochondria attached to it. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 26. Proteins in the cell membrane can control the movement of material through the cell membrane. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 27. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the organelle that supplies membrane material for use throughout the cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 37. The name nucleus comes from the Greek word for color. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 38. Chromosomes and chromatin are both forms of DNA. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 39. Muscles contain a high concentration of microtubules. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 80 TOP: Cell Fibers 40. The body of a female does not produce cells with flagella. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions 41. Schleiden and Schwann were the first scientists to see cells. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 TOP: Introduction 42. The largest human cell is the female ovum or egg cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 TOP: Functional Anatomy of Cells 43. Another term for cytosol is intracellular fluid. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 TOP: Cell Structures 44. The fluid mosaic model describes the chromatin material found in the nucleus. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 45. One function of the smooth ER is to help maintain a low Ca+ + concentration in the cell’s interior. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 46. A major part of ribosomes is deoxyribonucleic acid. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 47. The proteasomes contain enzymes that assist in protein synthesis. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 48. Proteasomes only destroy abnormal or misfolded proteins in the cell. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 49. Small proteins called ubiquitins assist the proteasomes in accomplishing their function. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 74 | Page 75 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 59. Muscular dystrophy is a disease condition that can be linked to the malfunctioning of proteasomes. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 60. The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 61. Another name for the centrosome is the microtubule organizing center. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 80 TOP: Centrosomes 62. The centriole is a single cylindrical structure at the boundary of the centrosome. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 TOP: Centrosomes 63. Small protein structures called molecular motors pull loads form one part of the cell to another along the cytoskeleton. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 | Page 82 TOP: Molecular Motors 64. All of the cell extensions—microvilli, cilia, and flagella—have basically the same structure. They only differ in number per cell and length. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions 65. Primary cilia are unable to move because they lack the central pair of microtubules and motor molecules. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is a(n): A. atom. B. cell. C. gene. D. DNA molecule. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 TOP: Introduction 2. Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells? A. Gland cells B. Immune cells C. Nerve cells D. Red blood cells ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 (Table 3-2) TOP: Examples of Cell Types 3. Main cell structures include all of the following except: A. organelles. B. plasma membrane. D. lysosomes. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Lysosomes 8. Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? A. Nucleolus B. Ribosome C. Mitochondrion D. Golgi apparatus ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 9. Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are: A. cilia. B. flagella. C. microvilli. D. microtubules. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions 10. Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: A. microfilaments. B. chromatin. C. nucleotides. D. microtubules. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 11. Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: A. gap junctions. B. desmosomes. C. tight junctions. D. adhesions. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 12. The major energy production site of the cell is the: A. Golgi apparatus. B. mitochondrion. C. endoplasmic reticulum. D. ribosome. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 13. The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is: A. cilia. B. flagella. C. microvilli. D. desmosomes. ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions A. mitochondria. B. cilia. C. peroxisomes. D. lysosomes. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Lysosomes 19. Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: A. mitochondria. B. caveola. C. cisternae. D. vesicles. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 (Box 3-1) TOP: Caveolae 20. The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. A. centrosome B. cytoskeleton C. centriole D. ribosome ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 80 TOP: Centrosome 21. Each of the following is an example of the plasma membrane function except: A. boundary. B. self-identification. C. receptor sites. D. production of proteins. ANS: D DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 22. Which of the following is a functional characteristic of ribosomes? A. Manufacture of mRNA B. Protein synthesis C. DNA replication D. Housing of DNA ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 23. ATP production occurs within which organelle? A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi apparatus C. Flagellum D. Mitochondrion ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 24. Preparation of protein molecules for cellular exportation is the function of which of the following organelles? A. Golgi apparatus B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum D. Mitochondria 29. In the cell membrane, the hydrophobic part of the phospholipid molecule: A. faces the exterior of the cell. B. faces the interior of the cell. C. is in the center of the phospholipid bilayer. D. is both A and B. ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 30. The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? A. Cholesterol B. Protein C. Phospholipids D. Glycoproteins ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 31. The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: A. cholesterol molecules. B. phospholipid molecules. C. glycoprotein molecules. D. channel proteins. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 32. Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. Provide a site for ribosome attachment B. Supply membrane for use throughout the cell C. Make steroid hormones D. Make glycoproteins ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 73 | Page 74 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 33. Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? A. Make protein B. Composed of a large and small unit C. Surrounded by a membrane structure D. Made of RNA ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 34. The membranous structure containing substances that protect the cell from harm are: A. ribosomes. B. lysosomes. C. peroxisomes. D. both B and C. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 76 | Page 77 TOP: Lysosomes and Peroxisomes 35. Which of the following statements does not describe the nucleolus? A. It is found in the nucleus. B. It has a membrane similar to the nucleus. D. Both A and B ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Some Major Cell Structures and Their Functions 40. The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: A. receptor proteins. B. glycoproteins. C. rafts in the cell membrane. D. phospholipid bilayer. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 70 | Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 41. Which structures in the cell membrane are a stiff grouping of membrane molecules that are rich in cholesterol? A. Glycoproteins B. Rafts C. Phospholipids D. Receptor proteins ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 TOP: Membrane Structure 42. Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. It makes lipids and carbohydrates. B. It is made of broad flattened sacs. C. It has many ribosomes attached to it. D. All of the above are true of rough endoplasmic reticulum. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 43. The enzyme is an important chemical in the functioning of the: A. mitochondria. B. proteasomes. C. peroxisomes. D. lysosomes. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 | Page 77 TOP: Peroxisomes 44. Which of the following structures contains DNA? A. Nucleus B. Mitochondria C. Ribosome D. Both A and B ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 77 | Page 78 TOP: Mitochondria and Nucleus 45. Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? A. Energy production B. Protein synthesis C. Cell division D. Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates 8. vesicles that contain catalase that are important in metabolic reactions involving hydrogen peroxide 9. structures that destroy improperly folded protein molecules that could possibly harm the cell 10. one of the largest structures in the cell, contains DNA 11. broad flattened sacs that extend from the nucleus and have ribosomes attached to them 1. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 | Page 74 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 2. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 | Page 71 TOP: Cell Membrane 3. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 4. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 5. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 6. ANS: H DIF: Memorization REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 7. ANS: G DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Lysosomes 8. ANS: I DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 | Page 77 TOP: Peroxisomes 9. ANS: K DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 10. ANS: E DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 11. ANS: J DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum Match each term to the phrase that describes it best. A. microtubules B. intermediate filaments C. microfilaments D. centrosomes E. cilia F. flagella G. microvilli H. desmosomes I. tight junctions J. gap junctions K. primary cilium L. centrioles 12. cell fiber that can be found in muscle cells 13. cell extension that is found on the sperm cell 18. ANS: J DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 19. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 80 TOP: Cell Fibers 20. ANS: E DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions 21. ANS: I DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 | Page 84 TOP: Cell Connections 22. ANS: L DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 TOP: Centrosomes 23. ANS: K DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions SHORT ANSWER 1. Describe the structure of the cell membrane and explain what is meant by the fluid mosaic model. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Application REF: Page 70 | Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 2. Explain the functions of the cell membrane. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Application REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 3. Explain what structure on the cell membrane makes it difficult to transplant an organ from one person into another. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 4. Name and give the functions of the membranous organelles of the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: The Typical Cell 5. Name and give the functions of the nonmembranous organelles of the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: The Typical Cell 6. Name and explain the function of the three types of cell fibers in the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 79 | Page 80 TOP: Cell Fibers 7. What is the function of the centrosome and by what other name is it known? ANS: Answers will vary. OTHER 1. Challenge: Joanne, a 75-year-old patient, has an active peptic ulcer. Describe the cellular organelles involved in synthesizing digestive enzymes for the stomach. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cytoplasm and Organelles 2. Challenge: Rebecca received a second-degree sunburn and was very uncomfortable for several days. Her skin began to heal and some of the epithelial tissue began to peel off in layers. Explain the cell connections that allow the skin cells to hold on to each other in a sheet. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 83 | Page 84 TOP: Cell Connections 3. Challenge: Explain the process by which a protein is processed in preparation for being released by the cell, starting at the ribosome and ending at the cell membrane. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 74 | Page 75 TOP: Golgi Apparatus Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition Chapter 4: Physiology of Cells Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. Dialysis is a form of filtration that results in a separation of small and large solute particles. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 91 (Box 4-1) TOP: Dialysis 2. For osmosis to occur, a selectively permeable membrane must be present. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 91 TOP: Osmosis 3. The physical movement of water and solutes through a membrane when a hydrostatic pressure gradient exists is called filtration. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 95 (Table 4-2) TOP: Filtration 4. Active transport processes that use protein carrier molecules, or pumps, do not use cellular energy but rely instead on concentration gradients. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 95 TOP: Active Transport Processes 5. Most enzymes cannot catalyze a reaction in both directions. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 102 TOP: General Functions of Enzymes 6. Glycolysis does not require oxygen and is therefore termed anaerobic. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 103 | Page 104 TOP: Glycolysis 7. The citric acid cycle and electron transport system are located in the Golgi apparatus. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 95 | Page 96 TOP: Active Transport Processes 17. Endocytosis and pinocytosis are both active transport processes because they require a carrier system such as a pump. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 97 | Page 98 TOP: Transport by Vesicles 18. The process of pinocytosis may be viewed as the cell drinking. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 98 TOP: Transport by Vesicles 19. The major hereditary constituent of the nucleus is the DNA molecule. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 115 | Page 116 TOP: Cell Reproduction 20. A nucleotide of a DNA molecule consists of a ribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and a nitrogenous base. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 106 TOP: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) 21. The action of a gene is determined by the arrangement of the obligatory base pairs in the nucleotides composing a DNA molecule. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 106 | Page 107 TOP: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) 22. A major function of DNA is to instruct the ribosome, through tRNA, concerning which protein is to be synthesized. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 110 | Page 111 TOP: Translation 23. Protein synthesis begins with translation. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 108 TOP: Transcription 24. The enzyme DNA polymerase coordinates the mechanism of obligatory base pairing. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 114 (Figure 4-29) TOP: DNA Replication 25. In normal mitosis, the two daughter cells are identical genetically to the parent cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 115 | Page 116 TOP: Cell Reproduction 26. Anaplasia is a state in which cells fail to differentiate into specialized cell types. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 118 (Box 4-6) TOP: Changes in Cell Growth: Reproduction and Survival 27. Genes determine polypeptide structure, which determines the structure of enzymes and structural proteins, which determine the cell’s functions and structure. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 106 | Page 107 TOP: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) 28. Chromosomes align across the equator of the spindle fibers during anaphase of mitosis. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 113 (Table 4-5) TOP: Major Events in Mitosis