Test Bank for Chapter 16 Lymphatic System and Immunity Complete, Exams of Anatomy

Download Test Bank for Chapter 16 Lymphatic System and Immunity Complete and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

Chapter 16 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology

th

edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie

Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 16 Lymphatic

System and Immunity Complete (multiple choice

& true or false)

Lymphatic System and Immunity

True/False Quiz

Please answer all questions

The lymphatic vessels function to transport fats and proteins from the intestinal villi to the blood.

A )True

B

)False

Lymphatic vessels contain valves to allow for one-way movement of fluid.

A )True

B

)False

Thymosin is an enzyme required to stimulate T-cell production in the spleen. A

)True

B

)False

T-cell lymphocytes die if they are not capable of recognizing foreign particles.

A) True

B)

False

5 The lymphatic system can either cause or cure a cancer.

A) True

B)

False

6 Removal of the spleen will impair the immune capabilities of the individual. A) True

B)

False

7 Pus is a collection of living and dead white blood cells. A) True

B)

False

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 The walls of lymphatic vessels are similar to those of cardiovascular _____________. A) arteries

B)

veins

C)

capillaries

D)

distributing arteries

2

The lymphatic trunk that drains the upper limb is the _______________. A) bronchomediastinal trunk

B)

intestinal trunk

C)

subclavian trunk

D)

jugular trunk

3

Lymphatic capillaries are able to receive cellular debris and foreign particles because

________________. A) of the structure of their flaplike valves

B)

the fluid pressure is so great it forces this material into the capillaries

C)

lymphatic and cardiovascular capillaries are designed to receive this material

D)

of amoeboid motion of the foreign particles

4

Which of these is not a function of lymph nodes? A) house lymphocytes and macrophages

B)

filter lymph

C)

produce red blood cells

D)

produce lymphocytes

5

What is the role of the thymus in protecting the body against disease? A) It houses decaying lymphocytes, recycling the nutrients within them.

B)

It is the site of maturation of T lymphocytes and the production of thymosin.

C)

It is the site of production and maturation of B lymphocytes.

D)Macrophages and monocytes are produced here and migrate to other tissues of the

body.

6 Select the statement that is true about the spleen. A) The spleen filters the lymph much the same way the lymph nodes filter the blood.

B)

The spleen harbors eosinophils waiting for parasites to attack the body.

C)

The spleen is the major site of red and white blood cell production in the adult.

D)

The spleen filters the blood much the same way the lymph nodes filter the lymph.

7 Which of these is not a nonspecific defense against disease.

A) species resistance

B)

phagocytosis

C)

interferon

D)

hair color and texture

8 Why do tissues swell during inflammation?

A)Tissues swell during inflammation because of the volume of bacteria present in the

wound.

B)Tissues swell during inflammation because of the number of blood cells attacking the

bacteria.

C)Tissues swell during inflammation because the increased permeability of capillaries

causes fluids to accumulate in the area.

D) Tissues swell during inflammation only because of pus accumulation.

9 Where are B lymphocytes believed to mature in adult humans?

A) Bursa of Fabricus

B)

bone marrow

C)

compact bone

D)

liver

10

What traits characterize antigens?

A)Antigens may be proteins, polysaccharides, glycolipids, or glycoproteins that stimulate

an immune response.

B) Antigens come only from foreign microorganisms.

C)Antigens are immunoglobulins the body produces in response to exposure to foreign

organisms.

D) Antigens are proteins that stimulate an immune response.

11

Which of the following molecules is not generally produced by T cells and macrophages? A) growth-inhibiting factors

B)

cytokines

C)

colony-stimulating factors

D)

tissue thromboplastin

12

How are B cells activated? A)A B cell is activated when it encounters an antigen that matches its B cell receptors and

receives cytokines from helper T cells.

B) B cells are activated when they encounter their twin T cell component.

C)

B cells are activated when red blood cells release cytokines.

D)B cells are activated when their matching antibodies attach to their surfaces and

macrophages release cytokines.

13

Which type of immunoglobulin molecule is passed on to nursing infants in breast milk? A) IgG

B)

IgM

C)

IgA

D)

IgE

14

Antibodies interact with antigens in all of these ways except _______________.

A) opsonization

B)

attracting macrophages to the area (chemotaxis)

C)

releasing interferon

D)

agglutination

15

Vaccines generally confer what type of immunity? A) artificially acquired passive immunity

B)

artificially acquired active immunity

C)

naturally acquired passive immunity

D)

naturally acquired active immunity

16

Which of these would not be found in lymph fluid? A) proteins

B)

sodium ions

C)

neutrophils

D)

erythrocytes

17

Which area is not drained by the thoracic duct? A) right leg

B)

left leg

C)

right arm

D)

left arm

18

The thoracic duct empties directly into the _____ vein. A) right subclavian

B)

left subclavian

C)

right axillary

D)

brachiocephalic

19

Which of these does not belong with the others? A) thymus

B)

lymph node

C)

sinus

D)

nodule

20

Where would Peyer's patches be found? A) colon

B)

small intestine

C)

liver

D)

throat

21

Which lymph nodes could not be palpated with the fingers? A) axillary

B)

inguinal

C)

cervical

D)

mesenteric

22

Which lymphatic area is larger in a child than an adult? A) spleen

B)

axillary lymph node

C)

thymus

D)

thoracic duct

23

Which is not a property of the red pulp within the spleen?

A) produces lymphocytes

B)

has erythrocytes

C)

has macrophages

D)

produces erythrocytes

24

Which of these is not a non-specific defense mechanism?

A) bacteria

B)

stomach pH

C)

antibodies

D)

skin sebaceous glands

25

The most numerous and main cell in the inflammatory response is the _____. A) macrophage

B)

neutrophil

C)

monocyte

D)

basophil

26

Substances called the _____ are capable of directly inhibiting DNA synthesis. A) antibodies

B)

interferons

C)

complement system

D)

histamines

True/False Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 The lymphatic system is an ancillary circulatory system of blood vessels that delivers nutrients

and removes wastes from tissues. A) True

B)

False

2 Lymphatic vessels contain elastic fibers and valves. A) True

B)

False

3 The right lymphatic and thoracic ducts drain about an equal area of the body.

A) True

B)

False

4 Bacteria cannot enter the blood from a wound in the skin as long as no bleeding is evidenced.

A) True

B)

False

5 The function of the lymphatic system is to transport proteins, and other particles to the circulation where they are identified by defense cells.

A) True

B)

False

6 Breathing helps facilitate return of lymph by creating a positive pressure in the thoracic cavity. A) True

B)

False

7 Thymosin is a hormone that stimulates the development of thymocytes into all lymphocyte

types. A) True

B)

False

8 T lymphocytes can be found in the bone marrow, spleen, blood, and tonsils as well as thymus gland.

A) True

B)

False

9 The sinuses of the lymph nodes and spleen are cavities filled with blood. A) True

B)

False

10

The spleen always stops its hematopoietic activity at birth. A) True

B)

False

11

Macrophages are specialized lymphocytes that engulf foreign particles.

A) True

B)

False

12

Tears contain lysozyme enzymes that can destroy bacteria.

A) True

B)

False

13

Inflammation is a nonspecific defense mechanism that is caused by any cell damage.

A) True

B)

False

14

Mucous membranes provide a barrier to infection mainly because of its phagocytic properties. A) True

B)

False

15

A macrophage could belong to the lymphatic and reticulo- endothelial systems at the same time. A) True

B)

False

16

All phagocytes belong to the nonspecific mechanisms of defense.

A) True

B)

False

17

The origin of the B cells is the bone marrow.

A) True

B)

False

18

A clone is a group of cells with identical genetic properties. A) True

B)

False

19

The area designated the constant region of the immuno- globulin will bind to the antigen.

A) True

B)

False

20

Immunoglobulin E can produce allergic or inflammatory reactions that are life threatening.

A) True

B)

False

21

B cells usually require the presence of some activating factor before they can recognize an antigen.

A) True

B)

False

22

Neutralizing antibodies cause antigens to lose their toxic properties.

A) True

B)

False

23

T cells produce factors that stimulate the activity of other cells including B cells. A) True

B)

False

24 The delayed reaction allergy to a chemical is mediated by the B cell system. A) True

B)

False

25 The HIV AIDS viruses cause death from conditions such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

A) True

B)

False

26 Immunosuppressive drugs can be used to suppress the histocompatibility complex reaction in a

tissue organ or graft rejection. A) True

B)

False

27 SLE is an autoimmune disease, which attacks body tissues because of a T cell activation.

A) True

B)

False

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 Which of the following contain lymph fluid? A) systemic capillaries

B)

pulmonary capillaries

C)

lacteals

D)interstitial fluid

2

The _____ vessel drains the arm. A) intercostal trunk

B)

bronchomediastinal

C)

subclavian trunk

D)

jugular trunk

3

The lymphatic ducts will empty directly into the _____. A) heart

B)

subclavian veins

C)

thoracic veins

D)

brachiocephalic veins

4

What is one major force that causes interstitial fluid to enter lymphatic capillaries?

A) blood osmotic pressure

B)

blood hydrostatic pressure

C)

tissue osmotic pressure

D)

tissue hydrostatic pressure

5

The main activity that causes fluid to enter the lymphatic vessels is _____.

A) muscle contraction

B)

hydrostatic pressure

C)

osmotic pressure

D)

blood pressure

6

What would happen if the pectoral lymph nodes were removed during a surgical procedure?

A) cancer would develop in the area

B)

infections would spread

C)

the area would dehydrate

D)

edema would develop distally

7

What is the main cause of edema following damage to an area of lymphatic vessels?

A) increase in tissue proteins

B)

loss of tissue proteins

C)

increase in blood osmotic pressure

D)

increase in tissue osmotic pressure

8

Inflammation of a lymph node is called _____.

A) lymphangitis

B)

tonsillitis

C)

lymphadenitis

D)

lymphedema

9

An efferent lymphatic vessel is carrying fluid _____.

A) away from the heart

B)

towards the lymph node

C)

out of an area

D)

away from a node

10

Which of the following lymphatic areas are totally encapsulated with fibrous tissue? A) palatine tonsil

B)

Peyer's patches

C)

cervical node

D)

pharyngeal tonsil

11

Which of the following is not an area of lymph nodes? A) abdominal cavity

B)

cranial cavity

C)

thoracic cavity

D)

axillary region

12

Which of these nodes cannot be directly palpated? A) inguinal

B)

axillary

C)

cubital

D)

mesenteric

13

The breast tissue fluid will drain into the _____ nodes. A) inguinal

B)

pelvic

C)

axillary

D)

cervical

14

What is the largest lymphatic organ in a child? A) spleen

B)

adenoids

C)

thymus

D)

appendix

15

Where is the thymus gland located?

A) mediastinum

B)

pleural cavity

C)

abdominal cavity

D)

superior to the pelvic nodes

16

The cells within the thymus gland probably originated from the _____.

A) spleen

B)

liver

C)

bone marrow

D)

Peyer's patches

17

The red pulp of the spleen functions to _____.

A) produce erythrocytes

B)

produce lymphocytes

C)

phagocytize senescent cells

D)

produce B-cells

18

The white pulp of the spleen functions to _____.

A)

produce lymphocytes

B)

remove foreign particles

C)

store blood

D)

phagocytize bacteria

19

An infection results when pathogens _____. A) enter a tissue area

B)

enter the blood

C)

grow and multiply

D)

grow and cause damage

20

The fact that humans usually cannot contract a monkey pneumonia is explained by the theory of _____.

A) mechanical barriers

B)

enzyme action

C)

interferon

D)

species resistance

21

A nonspecific class of chemicals that can inhibit viruses and cancer cell growth is _____.

A) antibodies

B)

peptides

C)

interferon

D)

antigens

22

Which of the following is not an enzyme capable of destroying foreign bacteria? A)pepsin

B)

fibrin

C)

lysozyme

D)

lipase

23

The following are symptoms of inflammation except which one?

A) edema

B)

hyperemia

C)

exudate

D)

dehydration

24

Which inflammatory response provides the greatest protection from the spread of pathogens?

A) antibody production

B)

increase in leukocytes

C)

fibroblast activity

D)

redness and edema

25

The major pathologic feature of inflammation is _____.

A) fibroblast activity

B)

capillary permeability

C)

increase in blood

D)

loss of function

26

What is the main inflammatory blood cell? A) monocyte

B)

neutrophil

C)

lymphocyte

D)

eosinophil

27

Which of these does not belong with the others? A) monocytes

B)

neutrophils

C)

macrophage

D)

histiocytes

28

Which of the following is a specific immune defense? A) antibody

B)

interferon

C)

phagocytosis

D)

all of these

29

Thymus derived lymphocytes comprise about _____% of the circulating lymphocytes. A) 99

B)

C)

D)

30

Where are the greatest number of B cells found? A) lymph node

B)

circulating blood

C)

bone marrow

D)

lymph vessel

31

Antigens are foreign substances recognized by _____. A) macrophages

B)

T cells

C)

B cells

D)

all of these

32

Which of the following could not be antigenic by themselves? A) protein

B)

polysaccharides

C)

haptens

D)

glycolipids

33

Cell-mediated immunity is mainly a function of _____. A) B cells

B)

T cells

C)

macrophages

D)

neutrophils

34

Which of the following activates the cytotoxic T cells? A) interferon

B)

interleukin-1

C)

interleukin-2

D)

interleukin-4

35

Which factor stimulates B cell proliferation?

A) interleukin-1

B)

interleukin-2

C)

gamma-interferon

D)

CSF

36

Which factor activates phagocytosis by monocytes?

A) cytokine

B)

gamma-interferon

C)

interleukin-4

D)

lymphokine

37

T cells may produce _____, which is lethal to the target cells invaded by a pathogen. A) interleukin-2

B)

perforin

C)

interferon

D)

interleukin-3

38

Humoral immunity is mediated by the _____. A) monocytes

B)

T cells

C)

B cells

D)

neutrophils

39

The specific source of the competent antibodies is the _____.

A) B cell

B)

T cell

C)

macrophage

D)

plasma cell

40

Agammaglobinemia will seriously impair which ability?

A) CMI

B)

T cell functions

C)

antibody production

D)

phagocytosis

41

The heavy chains of a immunoglobulin differ by having _____.

A) fewer lipids

B)

more amino acids

C)

more antigen sites

D)

more sulfur atoms

42

Most of the circulating antibodies are derived from _____ class immunoglobulin.

A) A

B)

E

C)

G

D)

D

43

The cross reaction that occurs between incompatible blood types is caused by _____ antibodies. A) G

B)

M

C)

A

D)

E

44

Which is the most common immunoglobulin for allergies? A) IgA

B)

IgE

C)

IgD

D)

IgG

45

Erythrocytes clump together because of a _____ process. A) clotting

B)

agglutination

C)

complement

D)

precipitin

46

The activities such as phagocytosis or chemotaxis of leukocytes is directly related to _____. A) complement

B)

neutralization

C)

lysis phenomena

D)

antibodies

47

The process which increases the chance of a neutrophil or monocyte engulfing an invader is _____.

A) phagocytosis

B)

neutralization

C)

complement fixation

D)

opsonization

48

Tumors are most likely inactivated by _____ cells. A) B

B)

helper T

C)

cytotoxic T

D)

suppressor T

49

The increase in antibody levels in a second antigen exposure is due to the _____. A) memory B cell

B)

T cells

C)

helper T cells

D)

B clones

50

A vaccination is an example of _____ immunity. A) naturally acquired active

B)

artificially acquired active

C)

artificially acquired passive

D)

naturally acquired passive